Preschool Educational Philosophies

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary medium for learning in the Schools of Reggio Emilia?

Science

Art (correct)

Mathematics

Music

In the Reggio Emilia approach, parents are considered as partners in the educational process.

True

Who founded the Bank Street Developmental Interaction Model?

Lucy Sprague Mitchell

The Reggio Emilia approach views the child as the __________ in the educational process.

protagonist Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fundamentals of the Reggio Emilia approach with their descriptions:

The child as protagonist = Central character in educational process The child as collaborator = Working in small groups The environment as the third teacher = Order and beauty in learning spaces The teacher as partner = Nurturer and guide in the child's journey Signup and view all the answers

Which educational ideology views the child as a 'philosopher or scientist-poet'?

Progressivism Signup and view all the answers

In Cultural Transmission, the teacher is seen as a facilitator.

False Signup and view all the answers

Who is one of the proponents of Romanticism?

Freud, Montessori, Froebel, or Rousseau Signup and view all the answers

The 'plan-do-review' process is a key feature of the __________ model.

High Scope Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the Romanticism educational ideology?

Child's freedom and development Signup and view all the answers

Match the educational ideologies with their distinctive features:

Romanticism = Child as a plant Cultural Transmission = Child as a machine Progressivism = Child as a philosopher or scientist-poet Signup and view all the answers

Active learning in small groups is a feature of the High Scope model.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary orientation of Progressivism in education?

Process Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key principles of Waldorf Schools?

Development of the whole child through 'the head, heart, and hands' Signup and view all the answers

Montessori Schools emphasize play-based learning in their curriculum.

False Signup and view all the answers

Describe the approach to materials in Montessori Schools.

Materials in Montessori Schools have tactile appeal, are self-correcting, and support independent learning. Signup and view all the answers

Waldorf Schools put a strong emphasis on ________________ elements based on the cycles of life and nature.

rhythmic Signup and view all the answers

Match the following educational philosophies with their characteristics:

Reggio Emilia = Child-centered, project-based learning Waldorf Schools = Play-based with a focus on the whole child Montessori Schools = Individualized learning with practical life focus Traditional Education = Structured curriculum with standardized testing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a practice in Waldorf Schools?

Looping, where a teacher stays with the same class for several years Signup and view all the answers

Montessori Schools allow children to choose their own activities.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is one defining feature of Waldorf Schools' curriculum?

Extensive use of natural materials such as wood, cotton, and wool. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Preschool Programs and Models

Preschool programs reflect different educational philosophies, each with distinct approaches to learning and development.
These philosophies impact the child's role, learning process, and the teacher's role in the classroom.
Curriculum models vary in their emphasis, activities, and environmental features.

Distinctive Features of Educational Ideologies

Romanticism:
- Views the child as a plant, with the teacher as a gardener.
- Emphasizes the child's natural development and exploration.
- Learning comes from nurturing the environment to support a child's blooming.
- Curriculum promotes a child's freedom to explore.
- Proponents include Freud, Montessori, Froebel, and Rousseau.
Cultural-Transmission:
- Sees the child as a machine, requiring passive learning.
- Favors a teacher as a drill-master, often using stimulus-response principles.
- Relies heavily on rewards and punishments, repetition, and correct responses.
- Emphasizes conformity and uniformity, focusing less on individual development.
- Proponents include Pavlov, Skinner, Thorndike, Watson, and Locke.
Progressivism:
- Views the child as a philosopher or scientist, actively involved in learning and developing their own understanding.
- Emphasizes the teacher's role as a facilitator, helping the child interact with the environment.
- Learning develops from the child's interaction with the environment.
- Focuses on cognitive and developmental aspects of learning.
- Advocates for child-centered learning, through exploration, interaction, and observation.
- Proponents include Dewey and Piaget.

High Scope: Cognitively Oriented Model

Established in 1970 by David P. Weikart, this model focuses on the cognitive development of a child.
The model emphasizes a planned curriculum and the importance of the learning environment to promote learning.
The curriculum promotes a "plan-do-review" process and emphasizes active learning, within a small-group setting.
This model also actively attempts to integrate children with special needs.
Children learn from interacting with their environment, with materials and people.
Portfolio assessment is valued, including initiative, creativity, social interaction, and engagement with the art, music, movement, language and literacy, logic and mathematics.

Bank Street: Developmental Interaction Model

Founded by Lucy Sprague Mitchell in 1916, it emphasizes a play-based approach to learning.
Learning takes place through active learning centers.
The curriculum is deeply rooted in social studies.

The Schools of Reggio Emilia

Separate programs are available for infants through 6-year-olds.
The curriculum is integrated and emergent.
The curriculum includes a project-based approach where art is the primary medium.
The classroom environments are rich with aesthetically-vibrant materials.
A strong sense of community is promoted, with the entire community involved including families and fostering mutual support.
The approach emphasizes the child's role as protagonist, collaborator, communicator, emphasizing their active participation in the learning process.

Waldorf Schools

Founded by Rudolf Steiner in 1919, they emphasize developing the whole child through the "head, heart, and hands."
Waldorf schools prioritize play-based learning.
Curriculum de-emphasizes academics in early schooling.
They also utilize educational looping where a teacher stays with the same group of students through multiple years.
The curriculum includes rhythm, elements based on life and nature cycles, and natural materials.
Materials used are generally natural like wood, cotton, and wool.
The classroom environments are tailored to nourish the senses.
Emphasis on practical life activities like cooking, baking, cleaning, sewing, gardening provide hands-on learning experiences.

Montessori Schools

Focuses on adapting learning to an individual's pace and need, rather than molding the child.
Curriculum insists on freedom for selecting materials and choosing activities.
Training of the senses and engagement with practical life issues are also key components.
Not necessarily play-based; practical life area instead of fantasy is prioritized.
Materials are often self-correcting, with tactile appeal.
A sequential learning approach ensures children work at their own pace.
Child-sized environments are carefully designed.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore various preschool programs and the educational philosophies that shape them. This quiz covers distinct approaches such as Romanticism and Cultural-Transmission, highlighting their impact on learning and teaching roles in early childhood education.