Preparation of Hydrogen: Class 9 ICSE Chemistry
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Questions and Answers

Which method of hydrogen production is widely used in the industry for producing hydrogen as a byproduct?

  • Electrolysis of water
  • Decomposition of biomass
  • Combustion of coal
  • Water Gas Shift (WGS) reaction (correct)

    • Which process for hydrogen production is highly efficient and leaves no greenhouse gas emissions?

  • Decomposition of biomass
  • Steam reforming of methane
  • Electrolysis of water (correct)
  • Water Gas Shift (WGS) reaction

    • What is the chemical equation for the production of hydrogen from water through electrolysis?

  • $CO_2$ + $H_2O$ $\rightarrow$ $CO$ + $H_2$
  • $C_nH_aOn$ $\rightarrow$ $nCO$ + $(n+a)H_2$
  • $CO$ + $H_2O$ $\rightarrow$ $CO_2$ + $H_2$
  • $2H_2O$ $\rightarrow$ $2H_2$ + $O_2$ (correct)

    • Which source is used for the production of hydrogen through the water gas shift reaction?

    <p>Coal and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main drawback of producing hydrogen from biomass using processes like gasification and pyrolysis?

    <p>High greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the products of the photocatalytic reaction that splits water?

    <p>2H₂ + O₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an application of hydrogen gas?

    <p>Production of methane (CH₄)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boiling point of hydrogen gas?

    <p>-252.9 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molar mass of hydrogen gas?

    <p>1.00794 atomic mass units (u)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is hydrogen considered to have the potential to revolutionize the field of energy and transportation?

    <p>Because it has a wide range of applications and is a clean energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hydrogen Class 9 ICSE: Preparation of Hydrogen

    Hydrogen (H₂), the element with the chemical symbol H, holds a unique position in chemistry due to its abundance, versatile properties, and potential as a clean-burning fuel. In this article, we'll delve into the preparation methods of hydrogen, focusing on the subtopics mentioned in the Class 9 ICSE curriculum.

    Preparation of Hydrogen

    Hydrogen can be produced from various sources, including coal and water, as described below:

    1. From Coal and Water (Water Gas Shift Reaction)

    Hydrogen can be obtained from the water gas shift (WGS) reaction, which occurs when steam reacts with carbon monoxide (CO) to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydrogen. This method is widely used in the industry for producing hydrogen as a byproduct:

    CO + H₂O → CO₂ + H₂ (1)

    1. From Water Electrolysis

    Electrolysis of water (H₂O) using an electric current can produce hydrogen and oxygen as products. This method is highly efficient and eco-friendly, as hydrogen production leaves no greenhouse gas emissions. However, the process requires a large amount of electricity:

    2 H₂O → 2 H₂ + O₂ (2)

    1. From Biomass

    Hydrogen can also be produced from the decomposition of organic matter (biomass) using processes like gasification and pyrolysis. While these methods are more environmentally friendly than coal-based production, they are still in the experimental phase:

    CₙH₁ₐOₙ (biomass) → nCO + (n + a)H₂ (3)

    1. From Water-splitting Reactions

    Water can be split into hydrogen and oxygen using photocatalytic reactions driven by solar energy or other energy sources. This method is still under development and has the potential to be a sustainable method for producing hydrogen:

    2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂ (4)

    Applications of Hydrogen

    Hydrogen has numerous applications due to its non-toxic nature, low emissions, and capability to be stored and transported easily:

    • Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs)
    • Combustion engines
    • Hydrogenation processes
    • Production of ammonia (NH₃)
    • Synthesis of methanol (CH₃OH) and other chemical compounds
    • Electrolysis to store energy
    • High-temperature cutting and welding (oxy-hydrogen flame)

    Hydrogen Gas Properties

    Hydrogen gas (H₂) exhibits some intriguing properties:

    • It is odorless and colorless
    • Its density is the lowest of all gases
    • It has a boiling point of -252.9 °C and a melting point of -259.2 °C
    • It has a molecular weight and molar mass of 1.00794 atomic mass units (u)

    Summary

    In this article, we've discussed the preparation of hydrogen using various methods, focusing on the subtopics related to Class 9 ICSE chemistry. Hydrogen has a wide range of applications due to its non-toxic nature and versatile properties. As a clean energy source, hydrogen has the potential to revolutionize the field of energy and transportation. However, there are still numerous challenges to overcome before hydrogen becomes a widely adopted energy source.

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    Description

    Explore the methods for preparing hydrogen as per the Class 9 ICSE curriculum, including water gas shift reaction, water electrolysis, biomass decomposition, and water-splitting reactions. Learn about the applications and properties of hydrogen gas, from fuel cell vehicles to its non-toxic nature and low emissions.

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