1 Preoperative Risk Assessment and Reduction
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Questions and Answers

What is the overall goal of preoperative evaluation?

  • To administer premedication
  • To perform routine physical exams
  • To reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality (correct)
  • To schedule surgery efficiently
  • Which is the greatest risk contributor to poor outcomes in perioperative patients?

  • Anesthesia
  • Patient comorbidities (correct)
  • Age
  • Surgery type
  • What is the purpose of premedication in preoperative care?

  • To minimize pain after surgery
  • To prepare the patient for anesthesia and surgery (correct)
  • To administer medications routinely
  • To induce sleep before surgery
  • How soon before induction should fluid intake be restricted according to available data?

    <p>2+ hours before induction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between morbidity and mortality?

    <p>Morbidity refers to complications, while mortality refers to death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes preoperative evaluation effective?

    <p>Both history and physical examination are necessary for effective evaluation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does inadequate preoperative evaluation lead to?

    <p>Increased perioperative morbidity and mortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of a consultation in the context of anesthesia evaluation?

    <p>To determine the severity of comorbid conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for 'clearing' a patient for anesthesia?

    <p>The anesthesia provider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ASA classification tool help to determine?

    <p>Overall relative risk for anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ASA classification indicates a patient with mild systemic disease and no functional limitations?

    <p>ASA II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a preoperative assessment?

    <p>To assess medical conditions that may impact perioperative care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of preoperative testing in anesthesia evaluation?

    <p>To improve patient outcome and inform the anesthesia plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timing for a preoperative evaluation?

    <p>At least several days prior to the planned procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as absolutely required on every patient during a physical examination in the context of anesthesia evaluation?

    <p>Physical exam of heart &amp; lungs AND airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does thorough medical history assist in planning?

    <p>Safe anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Effective preoperative evaluation is based on BOTH ______ and physical examination

    <p>history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Preoperative evaluation must always include, at a minimum: _____

    <p>Airway exam &amp; Auscultation of heart and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inadequate preoperative evaluation is associated with anesthetic ______.

    <p>complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Overall goal is to reduce perioperative ______ and mortality

    <p>morbidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Morbidity: unplanned, unwanted, undesirable ______

    <p>consequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In general, _______ antihypertensive medications prior to surgery.

    <p>continue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Preoperative Evaluation

    • The overall goal of preoperative evaluation is to reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality.

    Risks and Outcomes

    • The greatest risk contributor to poor outcomes in perioperative patients is inadequate preoperative evaluation.
    • Inadequate preoperative evaluation is associated with anesthetic complications.

    Premedication

    • The purpose of premedication in preoperative care is to prepare the patient for anesthesia and surgery.

    Fluid Intake

    • Fluid intake should be restricted according to available data, typically 2-3 hours before induction.

    Morbidity and Mortality

    • Morbidity refers to unplanned, unwanted, undesirable outcomes or complications.
    • Mortality refers to death.

    Effective Preoperative Evaluation

    • Effective preoperative evaluation is based on both thorough medical history and physical examination.
    • A thorough medical history assists in planning anesthetic management and identifying potential complications.

    Preoperative Testing

    • The primary purpose of preoperative testing is to identify potential complications and optimize anesthetic management.

    ASA Classification

    • The ASA classification tool helps to determine the patient's physical status and predict potential anesthetic risks.
    • ASA classification II indicates a patient with mild systemic disease and no functional limitations.

    Consultation and Responsibility

    • The main goal of a consultation in the context of anesthesia evaluation is to assess the patient's fitness for anesthesia.
    • The anesthesiologist is responsible for 'clearing' a patient for anesthesia.

    Preoperative Assessment

    • The primary purpose of a preoperative assessment is to identify potential complications and optimize anesthetic management.
    • The recommended timing for a preoperative evaluation is typically 1-2 days before surgery.

    Physical Examination

    • A thorough physical examination is absolutely required on every patient during anesthesia evaluation.
    • Vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation, must be evaluated during the physical examination.

    Antihypertensive Medications

    • In general, antihypertensive medications should be continued prior to surgery.

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    Description

    Enhance your understanding of effective preoperative evaluation, including history, physical examination, medications, drug allergies, anesthetic reactions, ASA risk assessment, fluid intake, testing, premedication, and patient comorbidities.

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