Prenatal Development: Genetic Abnormalities

Which chromosomal condition is characterized by having three copies of chromosome 21?

Which of the following is a common X-linked recessive disorder?

What is the genetic makeup of an individual with Turner Syndrome?

What type of genetic abnormality is characterized by the presence of an extra X chromosome in males?

Why are males more affected by X-linked recessive disorders?

Genetic & Chromosomal Abnormalities

Mutations can result from environmental factors, leading to changes in chromosome number or structure.
Down's Syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is caused by the presence of three copies of chromosome 21.
Turner Syndrome results from monosomy characterized by the absence of one X chromosome (XO).
Klinefelter Syndrome occurs due to the presence of an extra X chromosome in males, presenting as XXY.

Sex Linked Inheritance

Disorders associated with genes located on sex chromosomes are categorized as sex-linked inheritance.
Recessive traits on the X chromosome predominantly affect males due to their having only one X chromosome.
Common recessive X-linked disorders include:
- Red-Green Color Blindness, impacting the perception of colors.
- Hemophilia, a condition that affects blood clotting.
- Fragile X Syndrome, which is a genetic condition associated with intellectual disability.
X-linked recessive inheritance patterns can be illustrated in diagrams, showing how traits are passed from carrier mothers to their sons.

Explore the complexities of prenatal development with a focus on genetic and chromosomal abnormalities. This quiz covers conditions such as Down's Syndrome, Turner Syndrome, and Klinefelter Syndrome, as well as the impact of sex-linked inheritance on various disorders. Test your knowledge on how environmental factors and mutations affect chromosome structure and function.