Premature Infants and Metabolic Bone Disease
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary concern for premature infants in terms of metabolic bone disease?

  • Delayed bone growth
  • Osteopenia
  • Rickets
  • All of the above (correct)
  • What is the purpose of evaluating the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group?

  • To determine the optimal type of feeding
  • To develop clinical guideline recommendations (correct)
  • To identify maternal risk factors
  • To assess the risk of metabolic bone disease
  • Why is it impossible to meet the new Food and Drug Administration rule with currently available PN products in the United States?

  • Due to low vitamin D content
  • Due to high aluminum content (correct)
  • Due to insufficient protein content
  • Due to inadequate calcium content
  • What is the primary reason for the increased risk of metabolic bone disease in premature infants?

    <p>Low birth weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the consensus process in developing clinical guideline recommendations?

    <p>To achieve agreement among experts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the observation made over 30 years ago regarding premature infants?

    <p>It observed a difference in bone growth between premature infants and control subjects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Premature Infants and Metabolic Bone Disease

    • Premature infants are at increased risk for metabolic bone disease, leading to delayed bone growth, osteopenia, and rickets.
    • Maternal risk factors predispose neonates to metabolic bone disease, but the specific factors have not been clearly identified.

    Bone Health and Nutrition

    • The optimal type of feeding to promote neonatal bone health is still unknown and requires further research.
    • Parenteral nutrition (PN) may predispose neonates to metabolic bone disease, but the exact formulation recommendations to minimize this risk are unclear.

    Vitamin D Supplements

    • Vitamin D supplements are recommended for neonates, but the optimal timing and administration of these supplements are still unclear.

    Historical Context

    • Observations over 30 years ago showed that premature infants, especially those with very low birth weight, had lower bone mineral content compared to control subjects.
    • Currently available PN products in the United States have an aluminum content that makes it impossible to meet the new Food and Drug Administration rule.

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    Description

    Learn about the increased risk of metabolic bone disease in premature infants, including delayed bone growth and osteopenia, and how nutrition and maternal risk factors play a role.

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