Prehistoric Philippines Overview
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Questions and Answers

What system of government is currently in place in the Philippines?

  • Unitary and presidential system (correct)
  • Federal and presidential system
  • Unitary and parliamentary system
  • Confederate and democratic system

    • Why might a unitary system of government be questioned for an archipelagic nation like the Philippines?

  • It allows for greater regional autonomy.
  • It follows a more democratic approach to governance.
  • It centralizes power which might ignore regional needs. (correct)
  • It simplifies the administration of multiple islands.

    • What characteristic of the Philippines might influence the effectiveness of its current government system?

  • Its historical colonial influences
  • Its large landmass
  • Its unique cultural diversity
  • Its archipelagic geography (correct)

    • How does the presidential system impact governance in an archipelagic nation?

    <p>It can lead to a disconnect between central and local governments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential advantage of a unitary system in an archipelagic country?

    <p>More streamlined governance and policy implementation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of agriculture has likely changed from ancient Filipinos to modern Filipinos?

    <p>Use of technology in farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is likely a similarity between the economic lives of ancient and modern Filipinos?

    <p>Reliance on agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the role of community compare between ancient and modern agricultural practices?

    <p>Communities historically engaged in shared farming practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way can ancient agricultural practices still be seen in modern systems?

    <p>Integration of livestock and crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between ancient and modern agricultural economies?

    <p>The presence of global trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the man required to provide as a dowry in a traditional marriage?

    <p>Gold or land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the groom play in courtship according to the customs mentioned?

    <p>He served the girl's parents for years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of mixed marriages, how were children classified if born to a free man and a dependent woman?

    <p>Children were divided into classes based on their order of birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of drinking from the same cup during the marriage ceremony?

    <p>It symbolized the couple's unity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic unit of government in the traditional Philippine society described?

    <p>Barangay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gift was given to the girl's wet-nurse during the marriage arrangements?

    <p>Bigay-suso</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the term 'barangay' originate?

    <p>From an ancient boat used by immigrants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the gift called panghimuyat during the marriage arrangements?

    <p>To acknowledge the parents of the bride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the skull cap discovered in the Tabon caves of Palawan?

    <p>It provides evidence of human presence for at least 22,000 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following animals were prehistoric people in the Philippines known to hunt?

    <p>Pygmy elephants and rhinoceroses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the ancestors of the Negritos arrive in the Philippines?

    <p>By crossing the land bridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the first use of fire in the Philippines?

    <p>A piece of charcoal dated back to 30,000 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of agriculture did the Negritos practice?

    <p>Fry agriculture similar to kaingin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of the prehistoric people's clothing?

    <p>Made from material obtained from nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the arrival of the Austronesians more than 7,000 years ago?

    <p>They arrived by boat from Southern China.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic was shared by Homo erectus philippinensis and other early humans like Java man?

    <p>They had similar physical characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Tagalog word corresponds to the Sanskrit word 'Ahi'?

    <p>Ahas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the English translation of the Tagalog word 'Dala'?

    <p>Fishing net</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following Sanskrit words is associated with the meaning 'part' in Tagalog?

    <p>Bhaga</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Sanskrit word 'Swamin' translate to in Tagalog?

    <p>Husband or wife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Tagalog word comes from Sanskrit and means 'beauty'?

    <p>Ganda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Laguna Copperplate discovered in 1986?

    <p>It shows early contact with the Indian sub-continent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item in the Philippine Catholic wedding ceremony is of Indian origin?

    <p>The veil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following words is of Sanskrit origin found in Visayan and Maguindanaoan languages?

    <p>Agama</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Prehistoric Philippines

    • Earliest stone tools and animal fossils in Cagayan Valley date back at least 200,000 years. Artifacts suggest human presence, though no fossils have been found yet. These are collectively known as Cagayan Man or Homo erectus philippinensis.
    • Tabon Man skull cap discovered in Palawan in 1962 dates human presence to at least 22,000 years ago. The cave itself is estimated to be half a million years old and occupied for roughly 50,000 years. Charcoal dating back 30,000 years suggests early fire use.
    • Prehistoric Filipinos had a primitive culture using stone implements, hunted pygmy elephants and rhinoceroses (the Tagalog word for elephant, gadya, suggests their past presence). They lived in caves, gathered food, and made clothing from natural materials.
    • Negrito ancestors arrived around 25,000-30,000 years ago via land bridges from the south (Palawan and Borneo, and later Sulu and Mindanao). They used blowguns and bows and arrows, practiced early agriculture similar to kaingin, and used stone tools. Their clothing was made of bark and their houses of leaves and branches.
    • Austronesians arrived over 7,000 years ago after the last ice age, traveling by boat from southern China. They had brown skin and an early Stone Age culture.

    Ancient Filipino Society and Culture

    • Mixed marriages between different social classes were uncommon. Children from such unions would be divided in class based on parental status (alternating children belonging to the father’s and mother’s respective classes).
    • The barangay, consisting of 30-100 families, was the basic unit of government. The word barangay comes from the Austronesian word balangay, referring to a boat.
    • Courtship was lengthy, involving years of service by the man to the woman’s family, followed by arranged marriage and the exchange of dowries (bigay-kaya, panghimuyat, bigay-suso). Weddings were simple ceremonies involving the sharing of a cup, a priestess's ritual, and the throwing of rice.

    Ancient Filipino Economics and Language

    • Similarities between the economic lives of ancient and modern Filipinos are rooted in agriculture. However, methods and scale significantly differ. Ancient agriculture was more localized and largely reliant on simple tools, unlike modern, more industrialized agriculture.
    • Many Tagalog words have Sanskrit origins, reflecting cultural exchange, including words for snake (ahas), husband/wife (asawa), part/portion (bahagi), news (balita), and more. Similarly, Sanskrit influences are found in Visayan and Maguindanao languages.
    • Several ancient Filipino deities show traces of Indian influence (IndraBatara, Idiyanale, Agni), as does the use of cords and veils in Catholic wedding ceremonies (not a Western or Spanish Catholic tradition).
    • The Laguna Copperplate (discovered in 1986) indicates early contact with Southeast Asian neighbors, particularly Malays and Indonesians.

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    The Philippines and its People PDF

    Description

    Explore the intriguing early history of the Philippines, highlighting the discoveries of ancient stone tools and human fossils. Learn about the lifestyle and culture of prehistoric Filipinos, including their use of primitive tools and hunting practices. Delve into the fascinating migrations of early inhabitants such as the Negrito ancestors.

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