Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match the following time periods with the events described:
Match the following time periods with the events described:
Bølling-Allerød warming (14,700-12,700 years ago) = Possible land bridge crossing to northern Europe Younger Dryas cold phase (10,900 BC-9700 BC) = Depopulation of Ireland Mesolithic period (around 7900 BC) = Arrival of first inhabitants in Ireland Neolithic period (about 4000 BC) = First signs of agriculture and establishment of a new culture
Match the following structures with their descriptions:
Match the following structures with their descriptions:
Megalithic tombs = Huge stone monuments, some astronomically aligned Céide Fields = The most extensive Neolithic site in Ireland with the oldest known field systems Circular embanked enclosures and timber, stone and post and pit circles = New types of monuments near the end of the Neolithic period Cists = Small stone structures under earthen mounds used for burial
Match the following materials with the time periods they were produced in Ireland:
Match the following materials with the time periods they were produced in Ireland:
Elaborate gold and bronze = Bronze Age (around 2000 BC) Pottery, polished stone tools, rectangular wooden houses, megalithic tombs, domesticated sheep and cattle = Neolithic period (about 4000 BC) Stone monuments and decorated pottery = Megalithic tombs in Leinster and Munster Dolmens, court cairns, passage tombs and wedge-shaped gallery graves = Main types of Irish Megalithic Tombs
Match the following archaeological periods with their approximate time frames in Ireland:
Match the following archaeological periods with their approximate time frames in Ireland:
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Match the following land features with their descriptions:
Match the following land features with their descriptions:
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Match the following cultural periods with their approximate time frames in Ireland:
Match the following cultural periods with their approximate time frames in Ireland:
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Match the following religious and societal changes with their approximate time frames in Ireland:
Match the following religious and societal changes with their approximate time frames in Ireland:
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Match the following technological innovations with their approximate time frames in Ireland:
Match the following technological innovations with their approximate time frames in Ireland:
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Match the following events in Irish history with their descriptions:
Match the following events in Irish history with their descriptions:
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Match the following historical periods in Ireland with their key characteristics:
Match the following historical periods in Ireland with their key characteristics:
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Match the following events in Irish history with their outcomes:
Match the following events in Irish history with their outcomes:
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Match the following events with their corresponding time frames:
Match the following events with their corresponding time frames:
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Match the following rebellions with their corresponding leaders:
Match the following rebellions with their corresponding leaders:
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Match the following settlements with their corresponding policies:
Match the following settlements with their corresponding policies:
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Match the following terms with their descriptions in the context of Northern Ireland:
Match the following terms with their descriptions in the context of Northern Ireland:
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Match the following percentages with their corresponding population representation in Northern Ireland and the UK:
Match the following percentages with their corresponding population representation in Northern Ireland and the UK:
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Match the following terms with their roles in the creation of Northern Ireland:
Match the following terms with their roles in the creation of Northern Ireland:
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Match the following governmental cooperation mechanisms with their descriptions:
Match the following governmental cooperation mechanisms with their descriptions:
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Match the following organizations with their roles in Irish history:
Match the following organizations with their roles in Irish history:
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Match the following political bills with their outcomes:
Match the following political bills with their outcomes:
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Match the following paramilitary organizations with their objectives:
Match the following paramilitary organizations with their objectives:
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Match the following regions with their stance on Home Rule:
Match the following regions with their stance on Home Rule:
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Match the following events with their descriptions:
Match the following events with their descriptions:
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Match the following economic facts with their descriptions:
Match the following economic facts with their descriptions:
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Match the following historical facts with their descriptions:
Match the following historical facts with their descriptions:
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Match the following counties with their inclusion in the formation of Northern Ireland:
Match the following counties with their inclusion in the formation of Northern Ireland:
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Match the following political groups with their stance on the creation of Northern Ireland:
Match the following political groups with their stance on the creation of Northern Ireland:
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Match the following time periods with the corresponding events:
Match the following time periods with the corresponding events:
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Match the following terms with their descriptions in the context of Northern Ireland:
Match the following terms with their descriptions in the context of Northern Ireland:
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Match the following individuals with their stance on partition:
Match the following individuals with their stance on partition:
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Match the following actions with the Treaty's provisions:
Match the following actions with the Treaty's provisions:
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Match the following time frames with the key events:
Match the following time frames with the key events:
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Match the following terms with their roles in the Treaty's implementation:
Match the following terms with their roles in the Treaty's implementation:
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Match the following events with their outcomes:
Match the following events with their outcomes:
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Match the following organizations with their activities in 1913-1914:
Match the following organizations with their activities in 1913-1914:
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Match the following political parties with their stance on Home Rule:
Match the following political parties with their stance on Home Rule:
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When did the Irish Bronze Age proper begin?
When did the Irish Bronze Age proper begin?
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At what time did the receding of the ice after the Younger Dryas cold phase of the Quaternary occur?
At what time did the receding of the ice after the Younger Dryas cold phase of the Quaternary occur?
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When did the Neolithic period begin in Ireland?
When did the Neolithic period begin in Ireland?
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When did Christianity begin to gradually subsume or replace the earlier Celtic polytheism in Ireland?
When did Christianity begin to gradually subsume or replace the earlier Celtic polytheism in Ireland?
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When did the Mesolithic hunter-gatherers arrive in Ireland?
When did the Mesolithic hunter-gatherers arrive in Ireland?
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What is the period known as the Bølling-Allerød warming?
What is the period known as the Bølling-Allerød warming?
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What were the earliest confirmed inhabitants of Ireland?
What were the earliest confirmed inhabitants of Ireland?
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When did the first signs of agriculture start to show in Ireland?
When did the first signs of agriculture start to show in Ireland?
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What is the Céide Fields known for?
What is the Céide Fields known for?
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When did the short-lived Irish Copper Age and subsequent Bronze Age come to Ireland?
When did the short-lived Irish Copper Age and subsequent Bronze Age come to Ireland?
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What types of monuments developed near the end of the Neolithic period?
What types of monuments developed near the end of the Neolithic period?
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What is the significance of the Knowth and Dowth tombs?
What is the significance of the Knowth and Dowth tombs?
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When did the Norman invasion in Ireland occur?
When did the Norman invasion in Ireland occur?
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What event marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
What event marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
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When did Ireland become part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
When did Ireland become part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
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What event marked the beginning of the prolonged Tudor conquest of Ireland?
What event marked the beginning of the prolonged Tudor conquest of Ireland?
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What event resulted in over a million deaths and a million refugees fleeing the country?
What event resulted in over a million deaths and a million refugees fleeing the country?
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What marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland?
What marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland?
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When did the Scandinavian influence in Ireland cease to be a major threat to Gaelic culture?
When did the Scandinavian influence in Ireland cease to be a major threat to Gaelic culture?
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What event led to over 800 years of English political and military involvement in Ireland?
What event led to over 800 years of English political and military involvement in Ireland?
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What marked the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
What marked the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
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When did the English Crown make another attempt to conquer Ireland after the Wars of the Roses?
When did the English Crown make another attempt to conquer Ireland after the Wars of the Roses?
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What event led to ongoing warfare, including notable rebellions and wars in Ireland?
What event led to ongoing warfare, including notable rebellions and wars in Ireland?
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What marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
What marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
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When did the Norman invasion in Ireland occur?
When did the Norman invasion in Ireland occur?
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What event marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
What event marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
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When did the English Crown make another attempt to conquer Ireland after the Wars of the Roses?
When did the English Crown make another attempt to conquer Ireland after the Wars of the Roses?
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What marked the beginning of the prolonged Tudor conquest of Ireland?
What marked the beginning of the prolonged Tudor conquest of Ireland?
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When did Ireland become part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
When did Ireland become part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
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When did the Great Famine strike Ireland?
When did the Great Famine strike Ireland?
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When did the Scandinavian influence in Ireland cease to be a major threat to Gaelic culture?
When did the Scandinavian influence in Ireland cease to be a major threat to Gaelic culture?
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What led to ongoing warfare, including notable rebellions and wars in Ireland?
What led to ongoing warfare, including notable rebellions and wars in Ireland?
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What historical event limited Scandinavian influence in Ireland?
What historical event limited Scandinavian influence in Ireland?
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What event led to over 800 years of English political and military involvement in Ireland?
What event led to over 800 years of English political and military involvement in Ireland?
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What marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland?
What marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland?
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When did Ireland's decentralized political organization, difficult terrain, and martial traditions make it challenging for the English to assert authority?
When did Ireland's decentralized political organization, difficult terrain, and martial traditions make it challenging for the English to assert authority?
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When did the Norman invasion in Ireland occur?
When did the Norman invasion in Ireland occur?
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What event marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
What event marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire?
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When did the Irish Parliament become part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
When did the Irish Parliament become part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
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What marked the beginning of the prolonged Tudor conquest of Ireland?
What marked the beginning of the prolonged Tudor conquest of Ireland?
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What event resulted in over a million deaths and a million refugees fleeing Ireland?
What event resulted in over a million deaths and a million refugees fleeing Ireland?
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When did Ireland become part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
When did Ireland become part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
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What was the significance of the Battle of Clontarf in 1014?
What was the significance of the Battle of Clontarf in 1014?
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What did the rebellion of the Hiberno-Norman Earl of Kildare Silken Thomas in 1534 mark?
What did the rebellion of the Hiberno-Norman Earl of Kildare Silken Thomas in 1534 mark?
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What event marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland?
What event marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland?
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What led to over 800 years of English political and military involvement in Ireland?
What led to over 800 years of English political and military involvement in Ireland?
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What marked the end of Scandinavian influence in Ireland as a major threat to Gaelic culture?
What marked the end of Scandinavian influence in Ireland as a major threat to Gaelic culture?
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What event marked the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the British Empire?
What event marked the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the British Empire?
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Study Notes
Irish History Overview
- Ireland's towns were founded as Scandinavian trading posts, with coinage appearing for the first time.
- Scandinavian penetration was limited and ceased to be a major threat after the Battle of Clontarf in 1014.
- The Norman invasion in 1169 marked the beginning of more than 800 years of English involvement in Ireland.
- Gaelic resurgence reestablished cultural preeminence, apart from walled towns and The Pale.
- English Crown's attempt to conquer Ireland began after the Wars of the Roses in 1488.
- Ireland's decentralised political organisation and martial traditions hindered Crown authority assertion.
- The Hiberno-Norman Earl of Kildare Silken Thomas rebelled against the new Protestant faith in 1534.
- The Tudor conquest of Ireland lasted from 1534 to 1603, marking prolonged warfare.
- English and Scottish Protestant settlers arrived during the Crown's plantation policies.
- Gaelic Ireland was defeated at the battle of Kinsale in 1601, leading to Ireland's integration into the British Empire.
- The Protestant Ascendancy dominated Ireland after religious wars, with Catholics and dissenting Protestants facing severe privations.
- Ireland became part of the United Kingdom in 1801 after the Acts of Union 1800, with Catholic Emancipation achieved in 1829.
History of Northern Ireland
- Southern Ireland and a significant minority in Northern Ireland were Irish nationalists who wanted a united independent Ireland, which led to conflict and violence.
- Northern Ireland had an unbroken series of Unionist Party governments for fifty years, accused of discriminating against the Irish nationalist and Catholic minority.
- The Troubles, a thirty-year conflict, involved republican and loyalist paramilitaries and state forces, claiming over 3,500 lives and injuring 50,000 others.
- The 1998 Good Friday Agreement was a major step in the peace process, including paramilitary disarmament and security normalization.
- Northern Ireland's economy, the most industrialized in Ireland at the time of partition, declined during the Troubles but has grown significantly since the late 1990s.
- Unemployment in Northern Ireland peaked at 17.2% in 1986, dropping to below 10% in the 2010s, similar to the rest of the UK.
- Northern Ireland shares both the culture of Ireland and the United Kingdom, with complex cultural links and participation in sports.
- Northern Ireland was long inhabited by native Gaels who were predominantly Catholic and Irish-speaking.
- In 1169, Ireland was invaded by a coalition of forces under the English crown, beginning 800 years of foreign central authority.
- The Irish Rebellion of 1641 began in Ulster, developing into an ethnic conflict between Irish Catholics and British Protestant settlers.
- Following the Williamite victory, a series of Penal Laws were passed to disadvantage Catholics and Presbyterians.
- Secret, militant societies developed in Ulster in the 18th century, acting on sectarian tensions in violent attacks.
Irish Home Rule and the Road to Partition
- The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) sought Home Rule in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to grant Ireland autonomy within the United Kingdom.
- Two Home Rule bills were passed by the House of Commons in 1886 and 1893 but rejected by the House of Lords.
- The Parliament Act 1911 reduced the power of the Lords and made Home Rule likely within five years.
- The Ulster Covenant, signed by 450,000 men, aimed to exclude Ulster from Home Rule.
- Belfast, the largest city in Ulster, had a predominantly Protestant population with a Catholic minority.
- The Conservative Party was sympathetic to the unionist case, amplifying the political voice of Irish unionism in Parliament.
- Paramilitary militias, the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) and the nationalist Irish Volunteers, were recruited and armed in 1913-1914.
- The outbreak of World War I delayed Home Rule, and unionist and nationalist leaders encouraged their volunteers to join the British army.
- The Easter Rising of 1916, led by Irish separatists, was suppressed, leading to increased support for Sinn Féin.
- Sinn Féin gained support by opposing conscription in Ireland and won most seats in the 1918 general election.
- The Government of Ireland Act 1920 partitioned the island into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland.
- The Anglo-Irish War saw guerrilla warfare in Ireland involving the IRA, British Army, Royal Irish Constabulary, and the Ulster Volunteer Force.
Ireland's Historical Timeline
- Many Irish towns were founded as Scandinavian trading posts, with the first appearance of coinage.
- Scandinavian influence in Ireland was limited and ceased to be a major threat to Gaelic culture after the Battle of Clontarf in 1014.
- The Norman invasion in 1169 led to over 800 years of English political and military involvement in Ireland.
- Gaelic resurgence reestablished cultural preeminence over most of Ireland, apart from walled towns and The Pale.
- The English Crown did not make another attempt to conquer Ireland until after the Wars of the Roses.
- Ireland's decentralized political organization, difficult terrain, and martial traditions made it challenging for the English to assert authority.
- The rebellion of the Hiberno-Norman Earl of Kildare Silken Thomas in 1534 marked the beginning of the prolonged Tudor conquest of Ireland.
- Ireland became a battleground in the wars between Catholic Counter-Reformation and Protestant Reformation Europe.
- English attempts to conquer or assimilate Ireland led to ongoing warfare, including notable rebellions and wars.
- The battle of Kinsale in 1601 marked the defeat of Gaelic Ireland and the beginning of Ireland's history as part of the English and later British Empire.
- The Irish Parliament was abolished on 1 January 1801, and Ireland became part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
- The Great Famine struck Ireland in 1845, resulting in over a million deaths and a million refugees fleeing the country.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Prehistoric Ireland with this quiz! Explore the archaeological periods such as the Mesolithic and Neolithic, and discover the first evidence of human presence dating back thousands of years.