Pregnancy and Ulcerative Colitis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended daily folic acid supplementation for patients with ulcerative colitis?

2-4 mg (correct)

10 mg

0.4 mg

5 mg

Which hormone is produced by the placenta to remodel the reproductive tract for labor?

Chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Human placental lactogen (hPL)

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Relaxin (correct)

At what point do hCG levels typically peak during early pregnancy?

Week 5

Week 8

Week 10-12 (correct)

Week 15

What is the goal for hemoglobin A1c levels for women with diabetes mellitus prior to conception?

Below 7% Signup and view all the answers

Which subunit of hCG is identical to those of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone?

α subunit Signup and view all the answers

What physiological change occurs to the total lung capacity (TLC) during pregnancy?

It decreases by 5%. Signup and view all the answers

Which sign indicates softening of the cervix at or after 4 weeks of pregnancy?

Goodell sign Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly associated with the early stages of pregnancy?

Amenorrhea Signup and view all the answers

What happens to respiratory rate during pregnancy, according to the physiological adaptations?

It remains constant. Signup and view all the answers

During pregnancy, what happens to the functional residual capacity (FRC)?

It decreases by 20-30%. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of early pregnancy observed through physical examination?

Telangiectasias Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected change in arterial oxygen (PaO2) levels during pregnancy?

They increase. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of pregnancy related to gastrointestinal changes?

Nausea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of increased tidal volume during pregnancy?

To increase alveolar oxygen levels. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following physical changes is NOT typically associated with early pregnancy?

Visible weight gain Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical site is most commonly associated with ectopic pregnancies?

Ampulla of the fallopian tube Signup and view all the answers

What is the strongest risk factor for ectopic pregnancy?

Prior ectopic pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of pregnancies are estimated to be ectopic?

<blockquote> 1:100 </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cardinal sign of ectopic pregnancy?

Vaginal bleeding Signup and view all the answers

In treating ectopic pregnancy with methotrexate, what is the maximum number of doses that can be given?

Four doses Signup and view all the answers

What level of serum B-hCG is necessary to trigger an additional dose of methotrexate?

If it declines by less than 15% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is part of the multi-dose regimen for ectopic pregnancy?

Leucovorin Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical site of implantation for an ectopic pregnancy when it occurs in the fallopian tube?

Ampulla Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy?

Regular exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the average decline in serum B-hCG levels that indicates successful treatment of ectopic pregnancy with methotrexate?

15% Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive contraction stress test (CST) indicate?

Late fetal heart deceleration Signup and view all the answers

Which fetal condition is evaluated by a nonstress test (NST)?

Overall fetal health Signup and view all the answers

How should the Tdap vaccine be administered during pregnancy?

Two doses IM at intervals of 1-2 months Signup and view all the answers

In the context of quad screening, what does an increased inhibin A level indicate?

Trisomy 21 risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the oxytocin challenge test?

To evaluate the adequacy of uteroplacental function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a true statement regarding fetal reactivity?

Assessable by fetal heart rate monitoring Signup and view all the answers

When is the highest risk for Trisomy 18 evident according to the quad screening?

Decreased estriol levels Signup and view all the answers

What does an unsatisfactory contraction stress test indicate?

Fewer than 3 contractions in 10 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What defines equivocal-hyperstimulatory readings in fetal heart rate monitoring?

Decelerations with frequent contractions Signup and view all the answers

Which vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy?

Measles vaccine Signup and view all the answers

What is a common medical management option for ectopic pregnancy?

Methotrexate Signup and view all the answers

What abnormal result might indicate a risk for Patau syndrome in quad screening?

Increased hCG and decreased MSAFP Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of a negative contraction stress test?

Normal fetal heart rate patterns Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a Bishop score greater than 8?

Suggests the cervix is favorable for spontaneous and induced labor Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver is referred to as the Pelvic grip in Leopold’s maneuvers?

Pelvic grip Signup and view all the answers

What does the obstetrical conjugate measure?

Shortest distance between the sacral promontory and the symphysis pubis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes face presentation?

Mentum is the reference point Signup and view all the answers

What criteria is used to assess cervical dilation during examination?

Using one or two fingers Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Bishop score, what does a dilation of 3–4 cm correspond to?

Score of 2 Signup and view all the answers

Which grip in the pelvic examination is primarily used to assess the relative position of the fetus in the pelvis?

Pelvic grip Signup and view all the answers

How is the true conjugate typically measured?

From the uppermost margin of the symphysis pubis to the sacral promontory Signup and view all the answers

Which station indicates that the fetal head is level with the ischial spines?

0 Signup and view all the answers

What does effacement refer to in cervical examination?

The length of the cervix remaining Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a complete breech position?

Hips flexed, one or both knees flexed Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the pelvis does pelvimetry assess?

The dimensions and shape of the pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of cervical consistency in the Bishop score?

Firm, medium, or soft Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'grand multipara' refer to in obstetrics?

A woman who has had at least 5 births at 20 weeks or more Signup and view all the answers

What does 'parity' indicate in the GP-TPAL designation?

The number of pregnancies that have resulted in live births Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes 'abortus' in pregnancy terminology?

Pregnancy losses before 20 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'LMP' in dating a pregnancy?

It is the date when the last menstrual period started Signup and view all the answers

Which calculation is used to estimate the date of confinement (EDC)?

LMP - 3 months + 7 days Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gestational age' refer to?

The number of weeks since the last menstrual period Signup and view all the answers

At what stage of pregnancy is the fetal heartbeat usually audible via a stethoscope?

At 20 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'multiplet pregnancy' count as in GP-TPAL?

Counts as 1 for parity only Signup and view all the answers

When is quickening typically observed during pregnancy?

16-20 weeks Signup and view all the answers

Why is a dating ultrasound performed in early pregnancy?

To estimate gestational age accurately Signup and view all the answers

At what beta-hCG level is the gestational sac typically visible on a transvaginal ultrasound?

1,500-2,000 mIU/mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected difference between ultrasound dating and dating based on LMP in the first trimester?

1 week Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation 'GA' stand for in pregnancy terminology?

Gestational age Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Naegele’s rule in pregnancy?

To estimate the due date based on LMP Signup and view all the answers

At what beta-hCG level is the fetal heartbeat typically detectable via ultrasound?

5,000-6,000 mIU/mL Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Obstetrics and Gynecology Study Notes

Pregnancy: The product of conception, typically implanted in the uterus.
Embryo: From fertilization to 8 weeks of gestation (10 weeks' gestational age).
Fetus: From 8 weeks to birth.
1st trimester: 12-14 weeks' gestation.
2nd trimester: 12-14 to 24-28 weeks' gestation.
3rd trimester: 24-28 to delivery.
Infant: From delivery to 1 year.
Nulligravida: Woman who has never been pregnant.
Gravida: Woman who is or has been pregnant.
Nullipara: Woman who has never completed a pregnancy beyond 20 weeks.
Primipara: Woman who has delivered one fetus.
Multipara: Woman who has delivered two or more fetuses.
Grand multipara: Woman who has had five or more births.
Gestational age (GA): Age of pregnancy from the last menstrual period (LMP).
Estimated date of confinement (EDC)/estimated date of delivery (EDD): Computed via Naegele's rule (LMP - 3 months + 7 days).
Ultrasound: Important for assessing GA.
Fetal heart tones: Can be heard via stethoscope by 20 weeks or Doppler by 10 weeks.
Quickening: Fetal movement felt by the mother (16-20 weeks).

Obstetrics Study Notes

Obstetrics Review: Topics include pregnancy, maternal adaptations, preconceptional/prenatal care, pregnancy complications, labor, delivery, fetal complications, multifetal gestation, obstetric hemorrhage, and hypertensive/diabetic diseases.
Maternal Adaptations in Pregnancy: Physiological changes in the respiratory, reproductive, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, and hematological systems.
Preconceptional and Prenatal Care: Includes folic acid supplementation, managing pre-existing conditions (diabetes), and vaccination policies.
Early Pregnancy Complications: Ectopic pregnancy, abortion, recurrent pregnancy loss, and gestational trophoblastic diseases are examples.
Labor Stages: Preparatory, dilatational, and pelvic divisions; latent and active phases within the first stage; expulsion and placental phases (third and fourth stages).
Induction and Augmentation of Labor: Stimulating uterine contractions artificially.
Delivery: Includes different methods like forceps and vacuum delivery and surgical approaches (caesarean).
Complications of Labor and Delivery: Preterm labor, cervical insufficiency, postpartum hemorrhage, and placental issues.
Fetal Complications of Pregnancy: Includes small-for-gestational-age (SGA), large-for-gestational-age (LGA), and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) fetuses.
Multifetal Gestation: Complications of pregnancies with multiples, including twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome.
Obstetric Hemorrhage: Includes factors like uterine atony, retained placenta, and lacerations.
Hypertensive Diseases in Pregnancy: Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and chronic hypertension.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): Management and monitoring during pregnancy.

Gynecology Study Notes

Gynecology Review: Topics include development of sex, errors in sexual differentiation, reproductive anatomy, reproductive endocrinology, menstrual cycle abnormalities, pediatric gynecology, infertility, menopause, and osteoporosis.
Developmental Biology of Sex: Determination of genetic, gonadal, and phenotypic sex.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key topics related to pregnancy and ulcerative colitis. This quiz covers essential aspects like folic acid supplementation, hormone production, and hCG levels during early pregnancy. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike!