Pregnancy and Prenatal Care

About 50%

A healthy infant

Conception

<p>To improve her fertility and likelihood of having a normal pregnancy and healthy baby</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To be aware that his lifestyle choices can negatively affect his body's ability to produce enough healthy sperm to be fertile</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To improve fertility and likelihood of having a normal pregnancy and healthy baby</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All sexually active women of childbearing age</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The preconception period</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obesity may result in erectile dysfunction and sperm defects, reducing fertility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excess alcohol consumption, nicotine-containing products, certain medications, and illegal drugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Healthy lifestyles that include a nutritionally adequate diet, a healthy BMI, avoiding harmful drugs, and regular exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 38 to 42 weeks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fetus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first trimester. Nutrient deficiencies or excesses and exposure to toxic compounds, such as alcohol, can have devastating effects on the embryo/fetus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 6 to 8 pounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transfer nutrients and oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to the embryo/fetus and to transfer wastes from the embryo/fetus to the mother's bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because the placenta does not filter many microbes and toxic substances, such as alcohol and nicotine, from the mother's blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mass of cells that enters the uterus and implants itself into the nutrient-rich lining.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agents of infection and harmful chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least 37 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Birth weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less than 5½ pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Before 34 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pica</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>up to 54 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>excessive weight gain during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>to reduce the risk of having preterm or low-birth-weight infants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>it may contain toxic substances, such as lead and pesticides, and pathogenic microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>48%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>a baby that weighs more than 8 pounds 13 ounces (4000 g) at birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>because calorie restriction may harm the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>28-40 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>having preterm or low-birth-weight infants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The typical distribution of weight gain during pregnancy is: maternal tissues and fluids (approximately 11 pounds), fetus (approximately 7.5 pounds), placenta (approximately 1.5 pounds), and amniotic fluid (approximately 2 pounds).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The recommended rate of weight gain during the second and third trimesters is approximately 1 pound per week. This rate is important because it allows for adequate fetal growth and development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prenatal care is specialized to meet the health care needs of pregnant women, and it is essential for diagnosing and treating any medical problems that may arise during pregnancy. Routine prenatal health care includes discussions on morning sickness, physical activity, birth process, and infant care skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy, affecting approximately 10% of pregnant women in the United States. It can lead to babies being born with high birth weight and an increased risk of becoming overweight as children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnant women should plan for breastfeeding because it is crucial for the health and well-being of their babies. They should discuss their decision to breastfeed with their physicians and learn as much as they can about breastfeeding early in their pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The average weight gain during the first trimester is approximately 5 pounds. This rate of weight gain is slower than the 3-4 pounds per month during the second and third trimesters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The components of maternal weight gain during pregnancy are blood (approximately 4 pounds), breasts (approximately 2 pounds), uterus (approximately 2 pounds), and fat, protein, and retained fluid (approximately 11 pounds).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receiving adequate prenatal care is crucial for reducing complications and ensuring a healthy pregnancy. Inadequate care can lead to health problems for both the mother and the fetus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weight gain during pregnancy is crucial for the health and well-being of both the mother and the fetus. It provides the necessary nutrients and energy for fetal growth and development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnant women should avoid tobacco, alcohol, and illegal substances, and make healthy lifestyle choices to ensure a healthy pregnancy. These choices are important because they can impact the health and well-being of both the mother and the fetus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gestational hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preeclampsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eclampsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FAS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>200 mg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To avoid harming the embryo/fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>24 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Miscarriage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low birth weight (LBW)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced muscle tone and strength, reduced edema, and improved mood and sleep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Walking, cycling, swimming, prenatal yoga, and light aerobics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hot yoga, downhill skiing, contact sports, and horseback riding, as they are high-risk and can cause injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure that they can continue or modify their exercise regimens safely and appropriately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Those experiencing hypertension or premature labor contractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because it can put excessive strain on the body and increase the risk of complications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormonal changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Until the 16th week</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physiological anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High levels of certain hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormones produced by the placenta relax muscles of the digestive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>28 g/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heartburn</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If nausea and vomiting occur more than three times a day or the vomit looks like 'coffee grounds'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Products that contain ginger</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least 400 mcg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To support the increase in blood volume and to transfer iron to the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To obtain extra energy from nutrient-dense foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Due to high levels of methylmercury, which can damage the fetus's nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide essential nutrients, including iron and folic acid, to support fetal development</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent birth defects of the brain and spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fat-free milk, enriched whole-grain cereals, and dried beans</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent iron deficiency anemia and support fetal development</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fish and shellfish (in moderation), and fortified cereals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To support fetal development and maternal health</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The growing uterus pushes upward in the mother's abdominal cavity and applies pressure on her stomach, which can cause stomach acid to enter the esophagus, leading to heartburn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analyzing and correcting nutritional inadequacies, starting an exercise regimen, losing excess weight, and quitting smoking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because the fetus grows rapidly during this period, and the woman needs to support its growth, as well as her own body's needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Approximately 340 kilocalories per day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because their muscles require more energy to move their body, and they may need to conserve energy during the third trimester.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folate deficiency increases the risk of giving birth to infants with neural tube defects, such as spina bifida.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>50% higher.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To help avoid heartburn, which can occur due to the pressure of the growing uterus on the stomach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is essential for supporting the health and growth of both the mother and the fetus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because her nutritional requirements increase, but not to the extent of doubling her usual food intake.</p> Signup and view all the answers