51 Questions
PID can be treated with the following antibiotic regimens:
ceftriaxone (PLUS doxycycline and metronidazole), azithromycin (Moxifloxacin and metronidazole OR doxycycline and metronidazole), ofloxacin (Doxycycline and metronidazole)
Causes of hyperuricemia include:
Drugs (e.g., cytotoxics, diuretics, ethambutol), increased cell turnover (e.g., lymphoma, leukemia, hemolysis, psoriasis), decreased excretion (e.g., primary gout, CKD, hyperparathyroidism), disorders of purine synthesis (e.g., Lesch-Nyhan syndrome)
Medical conditions associated with pseudogout are:
OA, hyperparathyroidism, hemochromatosis
The x-ray findings in RA include:
Normal OR periarticular osteoporosis and soft tissue swelling in early disease OR loss of joint space, erosions and joint destruction in later stages
Prior to starting DMARDs, we need to check:
Baseline U/E, Cr, eGFR, LFTs, FBC, urinalysis
To reduce the side effects of MTX, it can be given with:
Folic acid or folate 5mg after weekly dose
Felty’s syndrome is characterized by:
RA, splenomegaly, leucopenia. It occurs in patients with longstanding RA
PCOS can be diagnosed based on Rotterdam criteria which include:
Amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea: cycle >35 days or 10CM
PID presents with the following symptoms:
Lower abdominal/pelvic pain, cervical excitation/cervical motion tenderness/Chandelier sign, adnexal tenderness, purulent discharge and abnormal bleeding, fever and malaise, deep dyspareunia
- Predisposing factors for candidiasis
DM, immunosuppression, pregnancy, radiotherapy/chemotherapy, steroid treatment, Cushing’s or Addison’s disease, trauma, broad-spectrum antibiotics
- Consequences of PID
Tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy, tubo-ovarian abscess, chronic pelvic pain
- Causes of PID
Mainly STIs caused by chlamydia and gonorrhea. Others also include: Gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobes, mycoplasma genitalium
- Treatment options available for PID
Ofloxacin/levofloxacin, metronidazole. OR IM ceftriaxone single dose, oral doxycycline, oral metronidazole. OR Oral moxifloxacin if M. genitalium isolated
- Types of urethritis
Gonococcal urethritis: treat with ceftriaxone IM and azithromycin PO. Non-gonococcal urethritis (e.g., chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma genitalium, TV, adenoviruses, HSV): first-line agents include doxycycline
- Predisposing factors for candidiasis
DM, immunosuppression, pregnancy, radiotherapy/chemotherapy, steroid treatment, Cushing’s or Addison’s disease, trauma, broad-spectrum antibiotics
- Consequences of PID
Tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy, tubo-ovarian abscess, chronic pelvic pain
- Causes of PID
Mainly STIs caused by chlamydia and gonorrhea. Others also include: Gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobes, mycoplasma genitalium
Which of the following is a predisposing factor for candidiasis?
Immunosuppression
What are the consequences of PID?
Tubal infertility
What are the causes of PID?
Chlamydia and gonorrhea
What are the treatment options available for PID?
Ofloxacin/levofloxacin, metronidazole
What are the types of urethritis?
Gonococcal urethritis and non-gonococcal urethritis
Which antibiotic regimen is used to treat non-gonococcal urethritis?
Doxycycline
What medical conditions are associated with pseudogout?
Hemochromatosis
What are the predisposing factors for candidiasis?
Trauma
What is the treatment for PID with ofloxacin?
Doxycycline and metronidazole
What are the causes of hyperuricemia related to disorders of purine synthesis?
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
What are the medical conditions associated with pseudogout?
Osteoarthritis (OA), hyperparathyroidism, hemochromatosis
What are the x-ray findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in later stages?
Loss of joint space, erosions, and joint destruction
What do we need to check prior to starting disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)?
Baseline U/E, Cr, eGFR, LFTs, FBC, urinalysis
What can be given with methotrexate (MTX) to reduce its side effects?
Folic acid or folate 5mg after weekly dose
What is Felty’s syndrome characterized by?
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), splenomegaly, leucopenia
How do we diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on Rotterdam criteria?
Amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
What are the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Lower abdominal/pelvic pain, cervical excitation, adnexal tenderness, purulent discharge, fever
Which of the following antibiotics can be used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) with doxycycline and metronidazole?
Ofloxacin
What are the x-ray findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in later stages?
Erosions and joint destruction
What do we need to check prior to starting disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)?
FBC, urinalysis
What is given with methotrexate (MTX) to reduce its side effects?
Folic acid
What are the medical conditions associated with pseudogout?
Osteoarthritis (OA)
What are the causes of hyperuricemia related to disorders of purine synthesis?
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
What is Felty’s syndrome characterized by?
Splenomegaly
How do we diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on Rotterdam criteria?
Presence of amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea
What are the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Lower abdominal/pelvic pain
Which of the following is a predisposing factor for candidiasis?
Addison's disease
What are the consequences of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Ectopic pregnancy
What are the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Chlamydia and gonorrhea
What are the treatment options available for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Ceftriaxone single dose
What are the types of urethritis?
Chlamydial and trichomonal urethritis
What antibiotic regimen is used to treat non-gonococcal urethritis?
Doxycycline
What medical conditions are associated with pseudogout?
Hemochromatosis and hypothyroidism
What do we need to check prior to starting disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)?
Liver function tests
Test your knowledge of predisposing factors for candidiasis with this high-yield quiz. Identify the key factors such as diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, pregnancy, and more that increase the risk of candida infections. Brush up on essential medical knowledge with this concise quiz.
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