Preconception Counseling and Risk of Congenital Anomalies Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which trimester of pregnancy is hydramnios typically observed in?

  • Fourth trimester
  • Second trimester
  • First trimester
  • Third trimester (correct)

    • When are frequent episodes of maternal hypoglycemia likely to occur in diabetic pregnancies?

  • Before conception
  • During the second trimester
  • During the third trimester
  • During the first trimester (correct)

    • Why is preconception counseling important for women with diabetes?

  • To prevent hyperemesis gravidarum
  • To treat hydramnios
  • To increase insulin production
  • To decrease the risk of congenital anomalies (correct)

    • What is the relationship between diabetic pregnancies and the occurrence of hydramnios?

    <p>Hydramnios occurs more often in diabetic pregnancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does hyperemesis gravidarum contribute to hypoglycemic events in pregnant women with diabetes?

    <p>By decreasing food intake by the mother</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered when individualizing the diet for a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are energy needs usually calculated for a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Based on blood glucose changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen to insulin needs in the third trimester of a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Insulin needs may quadruple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended calorie intake for a diabetic pregnancy based on ideal body weight?

    <p>30 to 35 calories per kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During pregnancy, diet and insulin needs change in response to which two factors?

    <p>Hormonal changes and energy needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the change in insulin needs during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the change in diet needs during pregnancy?

    <p>To maintain stable blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with poor glycemic control during the preconception time frame and into the early weeks of pregnancy?

    <p>Congenital anomalies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is more likely to occur with severe diabetes and is the greatest risk in women with pregestational diabetes?

    <p>Preterm labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the greatest risk factor for fetal macrosomia?

    <p>Increased weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is the expected initial treatment for a woman with hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>IV therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of corticosteroids in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Expected treatment after IV therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of pyridoxine in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Treatment for vitamin B6 deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is enteral nutrition via a feeding tube necessary in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Treatment for maternal nutritional deprivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is the most common?

    <p>Type 2 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is GDM?

    <p>A type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can individuals switch between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

    <p>No, individuals cannot switch between type 1 and type 2 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which trimester of pregnancy do pregnant women develop increased insulin resistance?

    <p>Second trimester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the fetus start producing its own insulin?

    <p>Around the 10th week</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of normal metabolic changes during pregnancy on insulin-dependent women?

    <p>Increased risk of hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is more common and more serious in pregnant women with diabetes?

    <p>Hydramnios</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of prompt treatment of DKA in pregnant women with diabetes?

    <p>It saves the fetus and the mother</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Do mild-to-moderate hypoglycemic episodes have significant effects on fetal well-being?

    <p>No, they have no effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory test is used to define glycemic control over the previous 4 to 6 weeks in diabetic women?

    <p>Glycosylated hemoglobin level tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Hemoglobin A1c levels greater than 7% in diabetic women?

    <p>Indicates elevated glucose level during the previous 4 to 6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the extra laboratory test for that defines glycemic control over the previous 4 to 6 weeks in diabetic women?

    <p>Diabetic women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential risk for the fetus in a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Placental insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common concern for the client in a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Changes to social life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do insulin requirements increase in a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>With gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of glycemic control in a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>To ensure fetal well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it important for the client to acknowledge the need for lifestyle changes in a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Before a treatment plan is developed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential barrier to the client's participation in the plan of care in a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Lack of understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glucose level range is considered acceptable before a meal for a woman with gestational diabetes?

    <p>60 to 99 mg/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended glucose level range 2 hours after eating for a woman with gestational diabetes?

    <p>120 mg/dl or less</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum glucose level that should not be exceeded during hours of sleep for a woman with gestational diabetes?

    <p>Less than 60 mg/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with preterm birth, birth trauma, and asphyxia in the infant of a diabetic mother?

    <p>Hypocalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the neonate's highest risk for hypoglycemia?

    <p>Excessive insulin production during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does hyperbilirubinemia occur in neonates?

    <p>Excess erythrocyte breakdown after birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to fetal insulin production during pregnancy?

    <p>It accelerates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does hypoglycemia occur in neonates?

    <p>Hyperinsulinemia in the neonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors increases the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Having a previous birth of a large infant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is correct?

    <p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus may require insulin during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential treatment option for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone(s) create(s) insulin resistance during pregnancy?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme breaks down insulin more quickly during pregnancy?

    <p>Placental insulinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much should a pregnant woman increase her calorie intake by per day?

    <p>200 calories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is more important for maintaining steady blood sugar levels and preventing complications in a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Having a fixed meal schedule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the food eaten during a diabetic pregnancy should be in the form of carbohydrates?

    <p>45%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is considered more important for maintaining blood sugar levels in a diabetic pregnancy?

    <p>Fixed meal schedule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major complication of diabetes in pregnancy?

    <p>IUFD (stillbirth)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which systems are most likely to be affected by the structural changes caused by diabetes?

    <p>Heart, eyes, kidneys, and nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of diabetes?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During pregnancy, the accepted fasting levels of blood glucose should be between which range?

    <p>60 to 99 mg/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended range for 1-hour postmeal blood glucose levels during pregnancy?

    <p>110 to 129 mg/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum recommended level for 2-hour postmeal blood glucose levels during pregnancy?

    <p>130 mg/dl or less</p> Signup and view all the answers

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