60 Questions
Which trimester of pregnancy is hydramnios typically observed in?
Third trimester
When are frequent episodes of maternal hypoglycemia likely to occur in diabetic pregnancies?
During the first trimester
Why is preconception counseling important for women with diabetes?
To decrease the risk of congenital anomalies
What is the relationship between diabetic pregnancies and the occurrence of hydramnios?
Hydramnios occurs more often in diabetic pregnancies
How does hyperemesis gravidarum contribute to hypoglycemic events in pregnant women with diabetes?
By decreasing food intake by the mother
Which factor is NOT considered when individualizing the diet for a diabetic pregnancy?
Blood glucose levels
How are energy needs usually calculated for a diabetic pregnancy?
Based on blood glucose changes
What can happen to insulin needs in the third trimester of a diabetic pregnancy?
Insulin needs may quadruple
What is the recommended calorie intake for a diabetic pregnancy based on ideal body weight?
30 to 35 calories per kilogram
During pregnancy, diet and insulin needs change in response to which two factors?
Hormonal changes and energy needs
What is the main reason for the change in insulin needs during pregnancy?
Increased insulin resistance
What is the primary reason for the change in diet needs during pregnancy?
To maintain stable blood glucose levels
Which condition is associated with poor glycemic control during the preconception time frame and into the early weeks of pregnancy?
Congenital anomalies
Which condition is more likely to occur with severe diabetes and is the greatest risk in women with pregestational diabetes?
Preterm labor
What is the greatest risk factor for fetal macrosomia?
Increased weight
Which is the expected initial treatment for a woman with hyperemesis gravidarum?
IV therapy
What is the role of corticosteroids in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?
Expected treatment after IV therapy
What is the function of pyridoxine in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?
Treatment for vitamin B6 deficiency
When is enteral nutrition via a feeding tube necessary in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?
Treatment for maternal nutritional deprivation
Which type of diabetes is the most common?
Type 2 diabetes
What is GDM?
A type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy
Can individuals switch between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
No, individuals cannot switch between type 1 and type 2 diabetes
During which trimester of pregnancy do pregnant women develop increased insulin resistance?
Second trimester
When does the fetus start producing its own insulin?
Around the 10th week
What is the effect of normal metabolic changes during pregnancy on insulin-dependent women?
Increased risk of hypoglycemia
Which condition is more common and more serious in pregnant women with diabetes?
Hydramnios
What is the effect of prompt treatment of DKA in pregnant women with diabetes?
It saves the fetus and the mother
Do mild-to-moderate hypoglycemic episodes have significant effects on fetal well-being?
No, they have no effects
Which laboratory test is used to define glycemic control over the previous 4 to 6 weeks in diabetic women?
Glycosylated hemoglobin level tests
What is the significance of Hemoglobin A1c levels greater than 7% in diabetic women?
Indicates elevated glucose level during the previous 4 to 6 weeks
Who is the extra laboratory test for that defines glycemic control over the previous 4 to 6 weeks in diabetic women?
Diabetic women
Which of the following is a potential risk for the fetus in a diabetic pregnancy?
Placental insufficiency
What is a common concern for the client in a diabetic pregnancy?
Changes to social life
When do insulin requirements increase in a diabetic pregnancy?
With gestation
What is the importance of glycemic control in a diabetic pregnancy?
To ensure fetal well-being
When is it important for the client to acknowledge the need for lifestyle changes in a diabetic pregnancy?
Before a treatment plan is developed
What is a potential barrier to the client's participation in the plan of care in a diabetic pregnancy?
Lack of understanding
Which glucose level range is considered acceptable before a meal for a woman with gestational diabetes?
60 to 99 mg/dl
What is the recommended glucose level range 2 hours after eating for a woman with gestational diabetes?
120 mg/dl or less
What is the minimum glucose level that should not be exceeded during hours of sleep for a woman with gestational diabetes?
Less than 60 mg/dl
Which condition is associated with preterm birth, birth trauma, and asphyxia in the infant of a diabetic mother?
Hypocalcemia
What is the primary reason for the neonate's highest risk for hypoglycemia?
Excessive insulin production during pregnancy
Why does hyperbilirubinemia occur in neonates?
Excess erythrocyte breakdown after birth
What happens to fetal insulin production during pregnancy?
It accelerates
Why does hypoglycemia occur in neonates?
Hyperinsulinemia in the neonate
Which of the following factors increases the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Having a previous birth of a large infant
Which of the following statements about type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is correct?
Type 2 diabetes mellitus may require insulin during pregnancy
Which of the following is a potential treatment option for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Insulin
Which hormone(s) create(s) insulin resistance during pregnancy?
All of the above
Which enzyme breaks down insulin more quickly during pregnancy?
Placental insulinase
How much should a pregnant woman increase her calorie intake by per day?
200 calories
Which of the following is more important for maintaining steady blood sugar levels and preventing complications in a diabetic pregnancy?
Having a fixed meal schedule
What percentage of the food eaten during a diabetic pregnancy should be in the form of carbohydrates?
45%
Which factor is considered more important for maintaining blood sugar levels in a diabetic pregnancy?
Fixed meal schedule
Which of the following is a major complication of diabetes in pregnancy?
IUFD (stillbirth)
Which systems are most likely to be affected by the structural changes caused by diabetes?
Heart, eyes, kidneys, and nerves
Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of diabetes?
Hypertension
During pregnancy, the accepted fasting levels of blood glucose should be between which range?
60 to 99 mg/dl
What is the recommended range for 1-hour postmeal blood glucose levels during pregnancy?
110 to 129 mg/dl
What is the maximum recommended level for 2-hour postmeal blood glucose levels during pregnancy?
130 mg/dl or less
Test your knowledge on preconception counseling, metabolic control, and the risk of congenital anomalies in this informative quiz. Understand the importance of managing maternal hypoglycemia and the occurrence of hydramnios during pregnancy.
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