Preconception Counseling and Risk of Congenital Anomalies Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which trimester of pregnancy is hydramnios typically observed in?

  • Fourth trimester
  • Second trimester
  • First trimester
  • Third trimester (correct)

When are frequent episodes of maternal hypoglycemia likely to occur in diabetic pregnancies?

  • Before conception
  • During the second trimester
  • During the third trimester
  • During the first trimester (correct)

Why is preconception counseling important for women with diabetes?

  • To prevent hyperemesis gravidarum
  • To treat hydramnios
  • To increase insulin production
  • To decrease the risk of congenital anomalies (correct)

What is the relationship between diabetic pregnancies and the occurrence of hydramnios?

<p>Hydramnios occurs more often in diabetic pregnancies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does hyperemesis gravidarum contribute to hypoglycemic events in pregnant women with diabetes?

<p>By decreasing food intake by the mother (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered when individualizing the diet for a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Blood glucose levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are energy needs usually calculated for a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Based on blood glucose changes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen to insulin needs in the third trimester of a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Insulin needs may quadruple (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended calorie intake for a diabetic pregnancy based on ideal body weight?

<p>30 to 35 calories per kilogram (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During pregnancy, diet and insulin needs change in response to which two factors?

<p>Hormonal changes and energy needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the change in insulin needs during pregnancy?

<p>Increased insulin resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the change in diet needs during pregnancy?

<p>To maintain stable blood glucose levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with poor glycemic control during the preconception time frame and into the early weeks of pregnancy?

<p>Congenital anomalies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is more likely to occur with severe diabetes and is the greatest risk in women with pregestational diabetes?

<p>Preterm labor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the greatest risk factor for fetal macrosomia?

<p>Increased weight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the expected initial treatment for a woman with hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>IV therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of corticosteroids in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>Expected treatment after IV therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pyridoxine in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>Treatment for vitamin B6 deficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is enteral nutrition via a feeding tube necessary in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum?

<p>Treatment for maternal nutritional deprivation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes is the most common?

<p>Type 2 diabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is GDM?

<p>A type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can individuals switch between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

<p>No, individuals cannot switch between type 1 and type 2 diabetes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which trimester of pregnancy do pregnant women develop increased insulin resistance?

<p>Second trimester (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the fetus start producing its own insulin?

<p>Around the 10th week (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of normal metabolic changes during pregnancy on insulin-dependent women?

<p>Increased risk of hypoglycemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is more common and more serious in pregnant women with diabetes?

<p>Hydramnios (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of prompt treatment of DKA in pregnant women with diabetes?

<p>It saves the fetus and the mother (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do mild-to-moderate hypoglycemic episodes have significant effects on fetal well-being?

<p>No, they have no effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory test is used to define glycemic control over the previous 4 to 6 weeks in diabetic women?

<p>Glycosylated hemoglobin level tests (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Hemoglobin A1c levels greater than 7% in diabetic women?

<p>Indicates elevated glucose level during the previous 4 to 6 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the extra laboratory test for that defines glycemic control over the previous 4 to 6 weeks in diabetic women?

<p>Diabetic women (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential risk for the fetus in a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Placental insufficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common concern for the client in a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Changes to social life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do insulin requirements increase in a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>With gestation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of glycemic control in a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>To ensure fetal well-being (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it important for the client to acknowledge the need for lifestyle changes in a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Before a treatment plan is developed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential barrier to the client's participation in the plan of care in a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Lack of understanding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which glucose level range is considered acceptable before a meal for a woman with gestational diabetes?

<p>60 to 99 mg/dl (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended glucose level range 2 hours after eating for a woman with gestational diabetes?

<p>120 mg/dl or less (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum glucose level that should not be exceeded during hours of sleep for a woman with gestational diabetes?

<p>Less than 60 mg/dl (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with preterm birth, birth trauma, and asphyxia in the infant of a diabetic mother?

<p>Hypocalcemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the neonate's highest risk for hypoglycemia?

<p>Excessive insulin production during pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does hyperbilirubinemia occur in neonates?

<p>Excess erythrocyte breakdown after birth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to fetal insulin production during pregnancy?

<p>It accelerates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does hypoglycemia occur in neonates?

<p>Hyperinsulinemia in the neonate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors increases the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>Having a previous birth of a large infant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is correct?

<p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus may require insulin during pregnancy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential treatment option for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>Insulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone(s) create(s) insulin resistance during pregnancy?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme breaks down insulin more quickly during pregnancy?

<p>Placental insulinase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much should a pregnant woman increase her calorie intake by per day?

<p>200 calories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is more important for maintaining steady blood sugar levels and preventing complications in a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Having a fixed meal schedule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the food eaten during a diabetic pregnancy should be in the form of carbohydrates?

<p>45% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is considered more important for maintaining blood sugar levels in a diabetic pregnancy?

<p>Fixed meal schedule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major complication of diabetes in pregnancy?

<p>IUFD (stillbirth) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which systems are most likely to be affected by the structural changes caused by diabetes?

<p>Heart, eyes, kidneys, and nerves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of diabetes?

<p>Hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During pregnancy, the accepted fasting levels of blood glucose should be between which range?

<p>60 to 99 mg/dl (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended range for 1-hour postmeal blood glucose levels during pregnancy?

<p>110 to 129 mg/dl (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum recommended level for 2-hour postmeal blood glucose levels during pregnancy?

<p>130 mg/dl or less (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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