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Questions and Answers
What is the primary time frame for the occurrence of Pre-term Labour?
What is the primary time frame for the occurrence of Pre-term Labour?
- After 37 weeks of gestation
- Only after 40 weeks of gestation
- Between 24 and 37 weeks of gestation (correct)
- Before 24 weeks of gestation
Which of the following is NOT considered a potential cause of Pre-term Labour?
Which of the following is NOT considered a potential cause of Pre-term Labour?
- Chorioamnionitis
- Cervical insufficiency
- High levels of physical activity (correct)
- Polyhydramnios
What short-term morbidity is associated with Pre-term Labour?
What short-term morbidity is associated with Pre-term Labour?
- Hearing loss
- Vision loss
- Cerebral palsy
- Respiratory distress syndrome (correct)
Which maternal factor can increase the risk of Pre-term Labour?
Which maternal factor can increase the risk of Pre-term Labour?
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What is a potential long-term effect of Pre-term Labour on an infant's health?
What is a potential long-term effect of Pre-term Labour on an infant's health?
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Which of the following is a risk factor related to socioeconomic status for Pre-term Labour?
Which of the following is a risk factor related to socioeconomic status for Pre-term Labour?
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How does Pre-term Labour affect neonatal health?
How does Pre-term Labour affect neonatal health?
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Study Notes
Definition of Pre-term Labour
- Pre-term Labour (PTL) occurs when uterine contractions and cervical changes happen between 24 and 37 weeks of gestation.
- Can be spontaneous or triggered by premature rupture of membranes or iatrogenic factors related to maternal or fetal causes.
- PTL significantly increases the risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Causes of Pre-term Labour
- Infection: Includes chorioamnionitis and sub-clinical chorioamnionitis.
- Maternal Factors: Conditions such as pyrexia (fever) can trigger PTL.
- Uterine Factors: Cervical insufficiency is a primary uterine factor.
- Fetal Factors: Carrying multiples (twins, triplets) or conditions like polyhydramnios contributes to the risk.
- Placental Issues: Problems such as placenta previa or placental abruption are associated with increased PTL risk.
Impacts of Pre-term Labour on Perinatal Outcomes & Long-term Health
- Increased Perinatal Death: Higher likelihood of death shortly after birth.
- Increased Morbidity:
- Short-term complications: Respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, jaundice, and various infections.
- Long-term complications: Risks for developing cerebral palsy, vision loss, and hearing loss.
Management in Antenatal Care (ANC)
- History Taking: Identifying important risk factors through history is crucial.
- Previous occurrences of PTL.
- History of second-trimester miscarriage.
- Lifestyle factors such as smoking.
- Socioeconomic status indicators that may affect health.
- Consideration of maternal BMI levels.
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