Pre-solo Written Exam Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What personal documents and endorsements are you required to have before you fly solo?

Student identification, third class medical certificate, endorsement from a CFI, and a government issued ID.

What are your student pilot limitations regarding carriage of passengers or cargo and flying for compensation or hire?

Student pilots are not allowed to have passengers or cargo nor fly for hire or compensation.

Explain student pilot limitations concerning visibility and flight above clouds.

Visibility 3 SM in the day and 5 SM at night. Need to fly with visual reference to the surface.

Who has the final authority and responsibility for the operation of the aircraft when you are flying solo?

I am the PIC of the aircraft when flying solo. Signup and view all the answers

Discuss what preflight action concerning the airport and aircraft performance is specified in the regulations for a local flight.

NWKRAFT: Notams, weather, known ATC delays, runway length, alternatives available, fuel required, takeoff and landing distance. Signup and view all the answers

During engine run-up, you cause rocks, debris, and propeller blast to be directed toward another aircraft or person. Could this be considered careless or reckless operation of an aircraft?

True Signup and view all the answers

You may not fly as pilot of a civil aircraft within _ hours after consumption of any alcoholic beverages, or while you have _ % by weight or more alcohol in your blood.

8 hours, 0.04% Signup and view all the answers

What are the general requirements pertaining to the use of safety belts and shoulder harnesses?

Must be worn while taxiing, taking off, and landing. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum fuel reserve for the day VFR flight, and on what cruise speed is the fuel reserve based?

Fly to the first point of intended landing + 30 more minutes of flight time, normal cruise speed. Signup and view all the answers

A transponder with Mode C is required at all times in all airspace at and above _ feet MSL, excluding that airspace at and below _ feet AGL.

10, 2 Signup and view all the answers

What aircraft certificates and documents must be on board when you are flying solo?

AROW. Signup and view all the answers

No person may operate an aircraft so close to another aircraft as to create a(n) _____.

Collision hazard. Signup and view all the answers

Who has the right-of-way when two aircraft are on final approach to land at the same time?

The aircraft with the lowest altitude has the right-of-way. Signup and view all the answers

What action do you need to take if you are overtaking another aircraft and which aircraft has the right-of-way?

Alter course to the right to create separation then proceed course. The aircraft being overtaken has the right-of-way. Signup and view all the answers

Except when necessary for takeoff and landings, what are the minimum safe altitudes when flying over congested and other than congested areas?

Congested areas = 1000 feet above and 2000 feet horizontal from the tallest obstacle. Uncongested areas = 500 AGL. Signup and view all the answers

If an altimeter setting is not available at an airport, what setting should use before departing on a local flight?

Set altimeter setting to the field elevation of the local departure airport. Signup and view all the answers

What altitudes should you use when operating under VFR in level cruising flight at more than 3000 feet AGL?

When operating under VFR, 0°-179° = odd thousands + 500 feet; 180°-359° = even thousands + 500 feet. Signup and view all the answers

When practicing steep turns, stalls, and maneuvering during slow flight, the entry altitude must allow a recovery to be completed no lower than _____ feet AGL.

1,500 Signup and view all the answers

When is a go-around appropriate?

When the aircraft has not touched yet in the first third of the runway, when the landing is unsafe, or when the PIC feels uncomfortable with the landing, or when there are obstacles on the runway, or when ATC gives instructions for safety reasons. Signup and view all the answers

What general steps should you follow after an engine failure in flight?

Do the ABC emergency procedure: A - airspeed, B - best field, C - checklist. Signup and view all the answers

List the minimum equipment and instruments that must be working properly in your aircraft for the VFR flight.

Anti-collision lights, tachometer, oil pressure gauge, manifold pressure gauge, altimeter, temperature gauge, oil temperature gauge, fuel quantity gauge, landing gear position lights, airspeed indicator, magnetic compass, emergency locator transmitter, and seatbelts. Signup and view all the answers

Fill in the V-speed definitions and the corresponding speed for your training airplane: Vs0 - ___, Vs1 - _, Vx - _, Vy - _, Vfe - _, Va - _, Vno - _, Vne - ___

VS0 - 33 KIAS; VS1 - 44 KIAS; VX - 60 KIAS; VY - 79 KIAS; VFE - 110 KIAS; VA - 99 KIAS; VNO - 129 KIAS; VNE - 163 KIAS. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best glide speed for your training airplane? _____ KIAS.

65 Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum allowable flap setting for takeoff in your aircraft?

10 Signup and view all the answers

The total usable fuel capacity for your aircraft is _ gallons. On a standard day, the fuel consumption rate during normal cruise is _ gallons per hour.

53; 8.5 Signup and view all the answers

What grade or grades of fuel can be safely used in your aircraft? What are the colors of the recommended fuel?

100LL fuel grade and the color is blue; 100 fuel grade and the color is green. Signup and view all the answers

The maximum oil capacity of your aircraft is _ quarts, and the minimum oil capacity to begin a flight is _ quarts.

8; 6 Signup and view all the answers

The maximum crosswind component specified by your instructor for solo takeoffs and landings in the training aircraft is _____ knots.

5 Signup and view all the answers

When do you use carburetor heat? What are the indications of carburetor icing?

When there is a possibility of carburetor icing, which happens at temperature 21°C and 80% relative humidity, or when reducing power. Indications of icing include engine roughness and reduced RPM. Signup and view all the answers

What is the takeoff and landing distance over a 50-foot obstacle for your aircraft at your airport?

For takeoff it is 1904 ft. For landing it is 1343 ft. Signup and view all the answers

What are the traffic patterns for each runway at your airport? What is the MSL altitude for the traffic pattern?

Right traffics are 1R, 19R, 14R, and 32R; Left traffics are 1L, 19L, 14L, and 32L. The MSL altitude for the traffic pattern is 1026. Signup and view all the answers

How do you enter and exit the traffic pattern at your airport? What, if any, radio communications are required?

Based on the ATC instructions. Establish 2-way communication. Signup and view all the answers

What radio calls are recommended in the traffic pattern at uncontrolled airports? What radio calls are required at your airport?

Broadcasting of intentions and locations at an uncontrolled airport. Establish 2-way communications and as instructed by ATC. Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard direction of turns in the traffic pattern? Give an example of the visual display indicating a nonstandard traffic pattern.

The standard traffic pattern is a left traffic pattern. The segmented circle also indicates the traffic pattern. Signup and view all the answers

What is CTAF? Explain CTAF procedures at your training airports.

CTAF is a common traffic advisory frequency. When the tower is close, broadcast intentions and locations on the CTAF frequency. Signup and view all the answers

How can you determine if a runway is closed?

It has yellow X marks on it or stated by the ATIS and NOTAMS. Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical dimensions of Class D airspace and what requirements must be met prior to entry?

From the surface up to 2500 AGL. Needs a 2-way radio and establish 2-way communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum speed permitted for aircraft below 10,000 feet MSL?

250 KIAS. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum speed allowed in Class B airspace?

250 KIAS. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum speed allowed in a VFR corridor through Class B airspace?

200 KIAS. Signup and view all the answers

If you receive ATC instructions that you may feel compromise safety or will cause you to violate an FAR, what should you do?

I will inform the ATC that I will not be able to comply with the given instructions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of each of the following ATC light signals?

In flight: Steady green - clear to land; Flashing green - return for landing; Flashing red - airport unsafe; Steady red - give way to traffic and continue circling. On the ground: Flashing red - clear of runway; Flashing green - clear to taxi. Signup and view all the answers

In addition to equipment requirements and a student pilot certificate, what other requirement(s), if any, must be met before a student pilot is authorized to fly solo within Class B airspace?

Must have an endorsement from a CFI and specified training. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the general transponder equipment and use requirement(s) when operating within or near Class B airspace.

Mode C transponder is required while within Class B airspace or the Mode C veil. Signup and view all the answers

Describe Class B airspace boundaries and how they apply to an airport within that airspace.

Class B airspace is shaped like an upside down cake from the surface to 10,000 MSL in the core. Other shelf areas start with the designated altitude up to 10,000 MSL. Signup and view all the answers

You have called ATC just prior to entering Class B airspace, and the controller tells you to, 'Squawk 2466 and ident.' Are you now allowed to enter Class B airspace without any further instructions? Explain.

No, because that is not the clearance to enter Class B airspace. The ATC must say 'you are cleared into Bravo.' Signup and view all the answers

On a sectional chart, what does a dashed magenta line around an airport indicate?

Class E airspace starting from the surface. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the minimum visibility and ceiling requirements for VFR flight in Class D airspace.

Minimum visibility is 3 statute miles. Cloud separation is 1000 feet above, 500 feet below, and 2000 feet horizontal. Signup and view all the answers

Can a student or recreational pilot request VFR clearance in Class D airspace when visibility is less than 3 miles?

False Signup and view all the answers

You have called ATC prior to entering Class C airspace, and the controller responds with your call sign and tells you to, 'Standby.' Are you now allowed to enter this airspace without any further instructions? Explain.

Yes, because establishing 2-way communication is the clearance to enter Class C airspace. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the typical dimensions of Class C airspace. Is participation in the radar service mandatory within the outer area of Class C airspace?

From surface to 4,000 AGL. No, it is not mandatory but recommended. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the Class C boundaries that affect your airport or a nearby airport. Explain how you can use navigation equipment and/or ground reference points to identify the Class C airspace inner core surface area and shelf area, as well as the outer area.

Use VOR, GPS, ground reference points, and altitude to identify Class C boundaries. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Personal Documents for Solo Flight

Required documents: Student identification, third-class medical certificate, CFI endorsement, government-issued ID.

Student Pilot Limitations

Prohibited from carrying passengers or cargo.
Cannot fly for compensation or hire.

Visibility and Flight Regulations

Minimum visibility: 3 statute miles during the day, 5 statute miles at night.
Must maintain visual reference to the ground.

Pilot-in-Command Responsibilities

As the sole pilot, I assume the final authority and responsibility for aircraft operation during solo flights.

Preflight Action Requirements

NWKRAFT acronym covers: Notams, Weather, Known ATC delays, Runway length, Alternatives, Fuel required, Takeoff and landing distance.

Careless Operation Defined

Directing propeller blast or debris towards aircraft or individuals is deemed careless or reckless.

Alcohol Consumption Rules

Must wait 8 hours after drinking alcohol; blood alcohol concentration must not exceed 0.04%.

Safety Belt Regulations

Safety belts and shoulder harnesses must be worn during taxi, takeoff, and landing.

Minimum Fuel Reserve for VFR

Fuel reserve must allow flying to the first landing point plus an additional 30 minutes at normal cruise speed.

Transponder Requirements

Mode C transponder is required at and above 10,000 feet MSL, excluding altitudes at or below 2,500 feet AGL.

Aircraft Documentation

Required documents on board during solo flights include the AROW acronym: Airworthiness certificate, Registration, Operating limitations, Weight and balance data.

Collision Hazards

No aircraft may operate too closely to another to avoid creating a collision hazard.

Right-of-Way Rules

The lowest aircraft on final approach has the right-of-way.

Overtaking and Converging Aircraft

Overtaking aircraft must alter course to the right.
Aircraft must each turn right to avoid head-on collisions.
In convergence, the aircraft on the right has the right-of-way.

Minimum Safe Altitudes

Congested areas: 1,000 feet above, 2,000 feet horizontal from obstacles.
Uncongested areas: 500 feet AGL.
Sparsely populated: 500 feet AGL from people or obstacles.

Altimeter Settings

Use the field elevation of the departure airport when an altimeter setting is unavailable.

VFR Cruising Altitudes

Above 3,000 feet AGL: Odd thousands plus 500 feet for courses 0°-179°; even thousands plus 500 feet for 180°-359°.

Recovery Altitude for Maneuvers

Enter recovery altitude above 1,500 feet AGL for steep turns, stalls, and slow flight maneuvers.

Go-Around Situations

Appropriate to execute a go-around if the aircraft has not touched down in the first third of the runway or when an unsafe landing is perceived.

Engine Failure Procedures

Follow ABCs: Airspeed, Best field selection, and Checklist execution.

Required Equipment for VFR Flight

Must have operational anti-collision lights, gauges (oil, manifold pressure, altimeter, etc.), landing gear lights, airspeed indicator, and emergency locator transmitter.

V-Speed Definitions

VS0: 33 KIAS; VS1: 44 KIAS; Vx: 60 KIAS; Vy: 79 KIAS; Vfe: 10° = 110 KIAS, 20°-30° = 85 KIAS; VA varies with weight; Vno: 129 KIAS; Vne: 163 KIAS.

Glide Speed and Flap Settings

Best glide speed: 65 KIAS.
Maximum flap setting for takeoff: 10°.

Fuel Capacity and Consumption

Usable fuel capacity: 53 gallons; fuel consumption at 75% power: 8.5 gallons per hour.

Fuel Specifications

Use 100LL (blue) and 100 (green); mixing grades results in clear fuel.

Oil Capacity

Maximum oil capacity: 8 quarts; minimum for flight: 6 quarts.

Crosswind Component

Maximum crosswind for takeoffs and landings: 5 knots.

Carburetor Heat

Use when icing is possible or when reducing power; indicators include engine roughness and reduced RPM.

Takeoff and Landing Distances

Takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle: 1,904 ft; landing distance: 1,343 ft.

Traffic Patterns

Right traffic for runways 1R, 19R, 14R, 32R; left traffic for runways 1L, 19L, 14L, 32L. MSL altitude for traffic pattern: 1,026 ft.

Traffic Pattern Entry and Exit

Follow ATC instructions and establish two-way communication.

Traffic Pattern Radio Calls

Broadcast intentions at uncontrolled airports; ensure two-way communication with ATC at controlled airports.

Standard Traffic Pattern Turns

Standard direction: left turns. Indicated by a segmented circle.

CTAF Procedures

CTAF is used for broadcasting intentions when tower is nearby.

Identifying Closed Runways

Closed runways display yellow X marks or notifications on ATIS and NOTAMs.

Class D Airspace Requirements

Dimensions typically extend up to 2,500 feet AGL. Requires two-way radio communication.

Speed Regulations

Max speed below 10,000 feet MSL: 250 KIAS; in Class B airspace: 250 KIAS; through VFR corridors in Class B: 200 KIAS.

ATC Instruction Compliance

If instructions compromise safety or violate FARs, inform ATC of inability to comply.

ATC Light Signal Meaning

In-flight signals: Steady green - clear to land; Flashing green - return for landing; Flashing red - airport unsafe; Steady red - give way; Ground signals: Flashing red - clear of runway; Flashing green - clear to taxi.

Class B Airspace Solo Flight

Requires a CFI endorsement and specified training for student pilots.

Transponder Requirements for Class B Airspace

Mode C transponder necessary within Class B or Mode C veil.

Class B Airspace Structure

Shaped like an inverted cake, extends from surface to 10,000 MSL. Navigational aids assist in boundary identification.

ATC Clearance for Class B Airspace

"Squawk" command does not permit entry; explicit clearance is needed for Class B access.

Sectional Chart Indicators

Dashed magenta lines indicate Class E airspace from the surface to 18,000 feet.

VFR Flight Requirements in Class D

Minimum visibility: 3 statute miles; cloud separation: 1,000 feet above, 500 feet below, 2,000 feet horizontal.

SVFR Participation for Student Pilots

Not permitted when visibility is below 3 miles.

Class C Airspace Entry Procedures

Establishing two-way communication grants clearance to enter.

Class C Airspace Dimensions

Typically from the surface to 4,000 feet AGL; radar service participation is recommended but not mandatory.

Class C Boundary Identification

Utilize navigational aids and altitude references to identify boundaries around the airport.

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Description

Test your knowledge with flashcards designed for the pre-solo written exam. These questions cover essential requirements such as personal documents needed for solo flight and limitations placed on student pilots. Perfect for aspiring pilots preparing for their solo flight.