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Questions and Answers
Who was the president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986?
Who was the president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986?
What was proclaimed on June 12, 1898?
What was proclaimed on June 12, 1898?
The First Philippine Republic
The Malolos Constitution was established in 1899.
The Malolos Constitution was established in 1899.
True
The Philippine-American War occurred from _____ to 1902.
The Philippine-American War occurred from _____ to 1902.
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Which event led to the overthrow of Ferdinand Marcos?
Which event led to the overthrow of Ferdinand Marcos?
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Who became the first female president of the Philippines?
Who became the first female president of the Philippines?
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The 1987 Constitution was adopted to reinforce authoritarian rule.
The 1987 Constitution was adopted to reinforce authoritarian rule.
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What significant action did Ferdinand Marcos take in 1972?
What significant action did Ferdinand Marcos take in 1972?
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Study Notes
Pre-Colonial and Colonial History of the Philippines
- The Philippines was composed of independent kingdoms and chiefdoms before Spanish colonization.
- Each kingdom had distinct cultural traditions, social structures, and political systems.
- Spanish colonization began in 1521 and lasted over 300 years, significantly impacting Philippine culture, language, and institutions.
- The Philippines came under US control in 1898 after the Spanish-American War, ushering in a period of modernization, education, and political development.
Independence and the First Republic
- The First Philippine Republic was proclaimed on June 12, 1898, marking independence from Spain.
- The Malolos Constitution, drafted in 1899, established a constitutional republic with a democratic system of government.
- The Philippine-American War (1899-1902) erupted after the US refused to recognize Philippine independence, leading to a conflict and the establishment of US colonial rule.
The Marcos Era and Martial Law
- Ferdinand Marcos was president from 1965 to 1986, a period marked by political repression, corruption, and economic decline.
- Marcos declared martial law in 1972, suspending civil liberties and consolidating power, leading to human rights abuses and political repression.
- Despite Marcos's authoritarian regime, an opposition movement emerged, challenging his policies and advocating for democracy and human rights.
- Marcos implemented infrastructure projects and fostered economic growth, but this came at a cost, with corruption, cronyism, and debt accumulation.
The People Power Revolution and the 1987 Constitution
- The People Power Revolution, a peaceful uprising in 1986, led to the overthrow of Marcos and the restoration of democracy in the Philippines.
- Corazon Aquino, widow of assassinated opposition leader Benigno Aquino Jr., became the first female president of the Philippines.
- The 1987 Constitution, adopted after the revolution, enshrined democratic principles, fundamental human rights, and laid the foundation for a more democratic and participatory government.
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Description
Explore the rich history of the Philippines from its independent kingdoms and chiefdoms to the long periods of Spanish and later American colonization. This quiz covers key events such as the proclamation of independence, the establishment of the First Philippine Republic, and the challenges faced during the Marcos Era. Test your knowledge on this fascinating historical journey!
