Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus regarding the causes of obesity?
What is the primary focus regarding the causes of obesity?
- The consumption of high-sugar foods
- Calories in being greater than calories out (correct)
- The role of genetics in weight gain
- Lack of physical activity
Which of the following is NOT a typical trigger for asthma?
Which of the following is NOT a typical trigger for asthma?
- Cold air
- Regular exercise (correct)
- Pollen and dust
- Smoke and pollutants
What is the primary goal of asthma treatment?
What is the primary goal of asthma treatment?
- Completely eliminate all symptoms
- Reduce impairment and risk of exacerbation (correct)
- Increase physical activity levels
- Focus solely on medication adherence
What is one of the big complications of a fracture that nurses should monitor for?
What is one of the big complications of a fracture that nurses should monitor for?
Which medication is typically used to treat high blood glucose levels in Type 2 diabetes by decreasing insulin resistance?
Which medication is typically used to treat high blood glucose levels in Type 2 diabetes by decreasing insulin resistance?
Which surgical option involves restricting food intake by inserting an adjustable band around the upper part of the stomach?
Which surgical option involves restricting food intake by inserting an adjustable band around the upper part of the stomach?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with late signs of compartment syndrome?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with late signs of compartment syndrome?
Which phase does an asthma attack primarily affect during its progression?
Which phase does an asthma attack primarily affect during its progression?
Which stage of a decubitus ulcer is characterized by full-thickness tissue loss, exposing muscle or bone?
Which stage of a decubitus ulcer is characterized by full-thickness tissue loss, exposing muscle or bone?
Which of the following is a component of Virchow's triad related to venous thrombosis?
Which of the following is a component of Virchow's triad related to venous thrombosis?
What is a common assessment for asthma exacerbation?
What is a common assessment for asthma exacerbation?
What is the primary purpose of the BRADEN scale in nursing management?
What is the primary purpose of the BRADEN scale in nursing management?
Which of the following medications helps stimulate insulin release for managing Type 2 diabetes?
Which of the following medications helps stimulate insulin release for managing Type 2 diabetes?
What is a common early symptom of compartment syndrome to monitor in areas distal to the fracture site?
What is a common early symptom of compartment syndrome to monitor in areas distal to the fracture site?
What is the nursing priority when managing a patient with a risk of decubitus ulcers?
What is the nursing priority when managing a patient with a risk of decubitus ulcers?
Which of the following factors is NOT commonly associated with the risk of obesity?
Which of the following factors is NOT commonly associated with the risk of obesity?
Which condition is characterized by upper urinary tract symptoms and can arise from an untreated lower UTI?
Which condition is characterized by upper urinary tract symptoms and can arise from an untreated lower UTI?
What are the late signs of hypoglycemia?
What are the late signs of hypoglycemia?
What is a common risk factor for developing peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
What is a common risk factor for developing peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with a blood glucose level below 50 who cannot eat or drink?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with a blood glucose level below 50 who cannot eat or drink?
In managing hypertension, which factor does NOT typically affect its development?
In managing hypertension, which factor does NOT typically affect its development?
Which symptom is commonly associated with the complications of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Which symptom is commonly associated with the complications of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Which insulin types are categorized as basal insulin?
Which insulin types are categorized as basal insulin?
What is the best nursing management for a patient diagnosed with pyelonephritis?
What is the best nursing management for a patient diagnosed with pyelonephritis?
If a patient's blood glucose is between 50 - 70 and they can eat, what is the best immediate treatment option?
If a patient's blood glucose is between 50 - 70 and they can eat, what is the best immediate treatment option?
Which type of peptic ulcer is more commonly diagnosed?
Which type of peptic ulcer is more commonly diagnosed?
What is the combined unit administration for correctional and nutritional insulin?
What is the combined unit administration for correctional and nutritional insulin?
Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of hypertension?
Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of hypertension?
Which of the following is true regarding hypoglycemia treatment when a patient has IV access?
Which of the following is true regarding hypoglycemia treatment when a patient has IV access?
Which of the following statements about hypoglycemia is correct?
Which of the following statements about hypoglycemia is correct?
What is a potential nursing intervention for managing lower UTIs?
What is a potential nursing intervention for managing lower UTIs?
What is indicated for a patient who cannot eat or drink and has low blood glucose levels when they do not have IV access?
What is indicated for a patient who cannot eat or drink and has low blood glucose levels when they do not have IV access?
Which of the following is a common complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Which of the following is a common complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
What is a primary risk factor that can contribute to the development of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
What is a primary risk factor that can contribute to the development of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
Which type of peptic ulcer is more prevalent among the general population?
Which type of peptic ulcer is more prevalent among the general population?
What is a clinical manifestation indicative of pyelonephritis?
What is a clinical manifestation indicative of pyelonephritis?
Which factor is NOT associated with hypertension (HTN)?
Which factor is NOT associated with hypertension (HTN)?
What is an essential aspect of nursing management for patients experiencing lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
What is an essential aspect of nursing management for patients experiencing lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
Which of the following symptoms would most likely indicate a progression from lower UTI to upper UTI?
Which of the following symptoms would most likely indicate a progression from lower UTI to upper UTI?
Which nursing assessment is crucial for monitoring patients with renal calculi?
Which nursing assessment is crucial for monitoring patients with renal calculi?
What should be administered to a patient with a blood glucose level below 50 who cannot eat or drink and has IV access?
What should be administered to a patient with a blood glucose level below 50 who cannot eat or drink and has IV access?
Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with blood glucose levels between 50-70 who can consume food?
Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with blood glucose levels between 50-70 who can consume food?
Which of the following is a significant concern for a nurse monitoring a patient post-surgery?
Which of the following is a significant concern for a nurse monitoring a patient post-surgery?
Which statement correctly describes the administration of correctional and nutritional insulin?
Which statement correctly describes the administration of correctional and nutritional insulin?
What treatment is recommended for a patient with blood glucose between 50-70 who cannot consume foods or liquids?
What treatment is recommended for a patient with blood glucose between 50-70 who cannot consume foods or liquids?
What is a key risk factor associated with the development of compartment syndrome?
What is a key risk factor associated with the development of compartment syndrome?
Which of the following correctly describes the management of hypoglycemia in a medical emergency?
Which of the following correctly describes the management of hypoglycemia in a medical emergency?
Which stage of decubitus ulcer is characterized by non-blanchable redness of intact skin?
Which stage of decubitus ulcer is characterized by non-blanchable redness of intact skin?
What is the purpose of checking blood glucose levels 15 minutes after hypoglycemia treatment?
What is the purpose of checking blood glucose levels 15 minutes after hypoglycemia treatment?
What is one of the classical manifestations of venous thrombosis?
What is one of the classical manifestations of venous thrombosis?
What is the best immediate option for a patient with hypoglycemia whose blood glucose level is between 50-70 and is able to drink?
What is the best immediate option for a patient with hypoglycemia whose blood glucose level is between 50-70 and is able to drink?
Which option best describes an intervention to prevent venous thrombosis?
Which option best describes an intervention to prevent venous thrombosis?
What complication must nurses monitor for in patients with fractures?
What complication must nurses monitor for in patients with fractures?
Which of the following factors contributes to obesity?
Which of the following factors contributes to obesity?
In the BRADEN scale, which aspect does NOT evaluate the risk of pressure ulcers?
In the BRADEN scale, which aspect does NOT evaluate the risk of pressure ulcers?
What is the primary focus in understanding the causes of obesity?
What is the primary focus in understanding the causes of obesity?
Which of the following statements is true regarding gastric banding as a treatment for obesity?
Which of the following statements is true regarding gastric banding as a treatment for obesity?
During an asthma attack, which physiological change primarily occurs in the airways?
During an asthma attack, which physiological change primarily occurs in the airways?
What is a common component of an asthma action plan?
What is a common component of an asthma action plan?
What is the role of Metformin in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes?
What is the role of Metformin in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes?
Which of the following is a symptom associated with asthma exacerbation?
Which of the following is a symptom associated with asthma exacerbation?
What distinguishes Type 1 diabetes from Type 2 diabetes?
What distinguishes Type 1 diabetes from Type 2 diabetes?
Which of the following is typically a trigger for asthma episodes?
Which of the following is typically a trigger for asthma episodes?
Flashcards
Asthma attack symptoms
Asthma attack symptoms
Symptoms during an asthma attack include shortness of breath, wheezing, chest tightness, and coughing.
Causes of obesity
Causes of obesity
Exact causes are unknown, but the primary driver is calories consumed exceeding those burned.
Obesity treatment approaches
Obesity treatment approaches
Approaches include procedures like gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, and Roux en Y.
Asthma triggers
Asthma triggers
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Type 1 vs. Type 2 Diabetes
Type 1 vs. Type 2 Diabetes
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Metformin's role in Type 2 Diabetes
Metformin's role in Type 2 Diabetes
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Glipizide's action in Type 2 Diabetes
Glipizide's action in Type 2 Diabetes
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Asthma action plan
Asthma action plan
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Pre-op nursing assessment
Pre-op nursing assessment
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Post-op complication monitoring
Post-op complication monitoring
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Fracture
Fracture
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Compartment Syndrome
Compartment Syndrome
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Decubitus ulcer (pressure ulcer)
Decubitus ulcer (pressure ulcer)
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Venous Thrombosis (VT/DVT)
Venous Thrombosis (VT/DVT)
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Virchow's Triad
Virchow's Triad
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Obesity
Obesity
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Late Hypoglycemia Signs
Late Hypoglycemia Signs
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Hypoglycemia Treatment (IV)
Hypoglycemia Treatment (IV)
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Hypoglycemia Treatment (no IV)
Hypoglycemia Treatment (no IV)
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Hypoglycemia Treatment (eating)
Hypoglycemia Treatment (eating)
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Insulin Types (Basal)
Insulin Types (Basal)
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Insulin Types (Correctional)
Insulin Types (Correctional)
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Hypoglycemia Treatment Check
Hypoglycemia Treatment Check
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Hyperglycemia Symptoms
Hyperglycemia Symptoms
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Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
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Duodenal Ulcer
Duodenal Ulcer
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Gastric Ulcer
Gastric Ulcer
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Lower UTI
Lower UTI
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Upper UTI
Upper UTI
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Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis
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Renal Calculi
Renal Calculi
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Hypertension (HTN)
Hypertension (HTN)
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What is a fracture?
What is a fracture?
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Decubitus Ulcer
Decubitus Ulcer
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Obesity Causes
Obesity Causes
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Gastric Banding
Gastric Banding
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Sleeve Gastrectomy
Sleeve Gastrectomy
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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
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Asthma: What is it?
Asthma: What is it?
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Asthma Assessment
Asthma Assessment
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GERD
GERD
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GERD Risk Factors
GERD Risk Factors
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GERD Complications
GERD Complications
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HTN Risk Factors
HTN Risk Factors
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HTN Nursing Management
HTN Nursing Management
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Hypoglycemia Treatment (IV Access)
Hypoglycemia Treatment (IV Access)
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Hypoglycemia Treatment (No IV Access)
Hypoglycemia Treatment (No IV Access)
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Basal Insulin
Basal Insulin
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Correctional Insulin
Correctional Insulin
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Appendicitis Risk Factors
Appendicitis Risk Factors
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Appendicitis Diagnosis
Appendicitis Diagnosis
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Study Notes
Pre and Post-Op Care
- Obtaining consent is crucial. Nurses must witness patient consent before surgery. Patients should be given a clear explanation of the procedure beforehand.
- Health history information, allergies, baseline vital signs, and mental status all need to be assessed before surgery.
- Preoperative teaching involves explaining the surgery, post-operative care (what to expect after surgery, going to the PACU), managing pain levels, and using an incentive spirometer. Patients should be educated on their allergies and the procedure.
- NPO (nothing by mouth) status helps prevent aspiration during surgery.
- A head-to-toe assessment evaluates baseline mental status and vital signs (looking for hypertension, arrhythmias, and edema). Assess chronic respiratory conditions, skin conditions, mobility status, and chronic conditions.
Post-op Nursing Care
- Nursing staff needs to monitor patients carefully. Assess respiratory status if the patient has trouble waking up. If the patient is waking up disoriented, check for hypoxia.
- Respiratory issues, like hypoventilation and ineffective oxygenation, are potential post-operative complications.
- Monitor for complications. Assess a patient's baseline mental status, vital signs and respiratory status, and assess the surgical site for infections, monitoring WBC count, assessing dressing, and assessing for signs of dehiscence (disruption of previously joined wound edges).
- Encourage the use of incentive spirometers to prevent respiratory complications. Deep breathing helps to manage pain.
Infection
- Surgical incisions have a higher risk. Monitor for pain.
- Assess the surgical site by checking the dressing, paying attention to drainage or a foul odor.
- Watch for fever, chills, and increased WBC count.
Compartment Syndrome
- Compartment syndrome is a potentially serious complication. It's a condition where swelling and pressure build inside a confined area.
- Early symptoms might include pain, decreased sensation or decreased blood flow, pallor, and the 6 Ps (pain, pressure, paresthesia (tingling), pallor, paralysis, pulselessness).
- Proper nursing care prevents pressure buildup. These measures can include splitting and monitoring casts, and avoiding unnecessary pressure on the extremities.
Pressure Ulcers (Decubitus Ulcers/ Bedsores)
- Decubitus ulcers are localized injuries to skin and underlying tissue.
- They're usually over bony prominences and often linked to immobility, prolonged pressure, shearing, and moisture.
- Assess for redness, warmth, tenderness, and/or discharge that might indicate the presence of a pressure ulcer. Monitor for fever and increased WBC as signs of infection.
Fractures
- Fractures are breaks/ disruptions in the continuity of a bone.
- Older females, trauma, and cancerous conditions are risk factors.
- Look for swelling, pain, tenderness, deformity, and ecchymosis (bruising).
- Assessment includes monitoring peripheral vascular status, checking pulses, maintaining alignment, and monitoring for bleeding and drainage.
Venous Thrombosis (VT)/ Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- VT/ DVT forms when a blood clot develops within a deep vein.
- This can happen if patients are immobile for a long time, have a history of prolonged bedrest, or have certain medical conditions (e.g., cancer).
- Risk factors include recent surgery, prolonged immobility, and blood clotting disorders.
- Early recognition and intervention are key prevention. Use of sequential compression devices and/ or anticoagulants to prevent complications.
Asthma
- Asthma is a chronic lung disease. Inflammation and narrowing of the airways are common causes. Airway remodeling is a structural change in the respiratory system.
- Common signs and symptoms include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
- Teach patients how to use inhalers. Patients should maintain a daily maintenance dose of inhaled corticosteroids. Encourage daily use of inhalers.
- Assess a patient's respiratory status using appropriate vital signs and listening to lung sounds.
Obesity
- Excess body weight beyond physical requirements.
- Causes can be from genetics, lifestyle, or environmental factors.
- Obesity can lead to several serious health problems, leading to diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke- and other conditions.
- Weight loss should be carefully planned by a medical professional and a balanced, healthy lifestyle with both exercise and adequate nutrition.
Diabetes
- Diabetes is an autoimmune disease that impacts carbohydrate metabolism.
- Type 1 Diabetes involves the body's immune system attacking beta cells in the pancreas, leading to insulin production deficiency.
- Type 2 Diabetes involves insulin resistance, meaning the body's cells do not respond effectively to the hormone.
- Monitor blood glucose levels consistently. Treatment includes monitoring blood glucose levels and providing appropriate medications (e.g., Metformin).
Hypoglycemia
- Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia occurs when blood glucose level falls below 50 mg/dL.
- Signs include shakiness, and dizziness to seizures, loss of consciousness and death.
- Treatment can involve oral glucose, juices, or IV infusions, according to the severity of the situation.
Hypertension
- High blood pressure (HTN) also known as hypertension.
- Stage 1 HTN (systolic 130-139 mmHg, diastolic 80-89 mmHg), Stage 2 HTN (systolic ≥140 mmHg, diastolic ≥90 mm Hg).
- Nursing staff should monitor blood pressure routinely in both the primary and secondary healthcare settings.
- A DASH diet (dietary approaches to stop HTN), limiting sodium intake, and increasing physical activity are crucial prevention strategies.
Cancer
- Cancer occurs when cells grow and divide at abnormal rates.
- Risk factors include exposure to carcinogens, genetics, obesity, smoking, and immune status.
- Early detection and treatment are essential. Avoid contact with possible carcinogens.
- Assess for suspicious lesions.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- GERD is a digestive disorder that occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus.
- Signs include heartburn, regurgitation, and difficulty swallowing.
- Nursing management includes promoting good posture, avoiding tight clothing, and maintaining good nutrition.
Appendicitis
- Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, usually caused by obstruction.
- Clinical manifestations may include periumbilical pain that spreads to the right lower quadrant, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and fever.
- A surgical removal of the appendix is usually necessary.
Lower and Upper UTIs
- Urine infections can be classified as lower UTIs and upper UTIs, with upper UTIs being potentially more serious.
- Upper UTIs are inflammations of kidneys.
- Symptoms for UTIs often include frequency, urgency, and pain during urination; fever might be present.
- Treatment involves antibiotics, adequate hydration, and sometimes addressing possible underlying issues like urinary retention.
- Clinical manifestations and symptoms vary by type.
Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)
- Kidney stones are mineral deposits that form in the kidneys, usually made of calcium oxalate or uric acid.
- Risk factors include genetics, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and certain conditions like diabetes.
- Stones can vary in pain from mild to excruciating.
- Management involves increasing fluid intake, pain control, and potentially surgical intervention (lithotripsy) or medications if stones do not pass naturally.
Other Topics
- The document also covers information on other topics like other inflammatory diseases, nutritional therapy , additional complications including pneumonia, or other potential disorders, as well as various medical conditions and symptom management. If a more detailed understanding of a specific topic is desired, please request this separately.
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Description
This quiz covers essential aspects of pre and post-operative nursing care. Topics include obtaining patient consent, conducting health assessments, and providing post-operative education. Test your knowledge on best practices for ensuring patient safety before and after surgery.
