Pre-AI Techniques and Development: Semen Extenders

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Ø extenders in sperm preservation?

To enhance sperm fertilization

To increase sperm motility

To stabilize the sperm plasmalemma and conserve motility (correct)

To reduce sperm number per insemination

What is the consequence of using liquid semen without Ø extenders?

Sperm numbers per insemination increase

Sperm motility increases

Sperm numbers per insemination remain unchanged

Sperm numbers per insemination decrease (correct)

What is the role of energy substrates in Ø extenders?

To stabilize the sperm plasmalemma

To provide energy for sperm motility (correct)

To enhance sperm fertilization

To prevent cryogenic injury

What is the benefit of using Ø extenders in semen preservation?

Improved sperm fertility over time Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of Ø extenders responsible for sperm plasmalemma protection?

Egg yolk Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of pH on sperm motility in the absence of Ø extenders?

Sperm motility decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Ø extenders in preventing cryogenic injury?

To prevent ice crystal formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Ø extenders in semen extender formulation?

To stabilize the sperm plasmalemma Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of semen extenders in reducing cryogenic injury?

Preventing acrosome damage during freezing Signup and view all the answers

Which component of semen extenders is essential for maintaining sperm cell membrane integrity?

Egg yolk lipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which semen extenders prevent acrosome preservation during freezing?

By reducing water influx into the sperm cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using egg yolk-based semen extenders over other formulations?

Better protection against cryogenic injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glycerol in semen extenders?

Reducing the freezing point of the semen Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consideration in formulating semen extenders for optimal sperm preservation?

Maintaining a consistent osmotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the ultimate test of sperm quality?

Fertility Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of semen extenders?

To resolve problems in the storage of semen for shipment and use in the field Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key aspect of sperm cell membrane protection?

Cryogenic injury prevention Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of egg yolk in semen extenders?

To provide nutrients to the sperm Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of acrosome preservation?

To preserve the sperm's ability to fertilize an egg Signup and view all the answers

What is the hypo-osmotic swelling test used to evaluate?

Sperm membrane integrity Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of semen extender formulation?

Phosphate buffer concentration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a critical aspect of cryogenic injury prevention?

Gradual cooling of sperm Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Semen Extenders

Protect sperm, conserve motility, and fertility over time by stabilizing the plasmalemma, providing energy substrates, and preventing harmful effects.
Allow for reduced sperm numbers per insemination, from 100 million to 4 million, while maintaining fertility.

Sperm Quality

Fertility is the ultimate test of sperm quality.
Quality is determined by factors such as sperm motility, morphology, and the hypo-osmotic swelling test.