PPNC Exam 1 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

How is a community defined?

A group of people, often living in a defined geographical area, who share a common culture, values and norms, and are engaged in a social structure according to relationships which the community has developed over a period of time.

What is individual health in a community setting?

Nurses working with individuals in a community setting.

What is population-centered practice?

Seeking a healthful change for the whole community's benefit.

What is ecology?

The branch of biology which studies the interactions among organisms and their environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is passive participation?

Community residents are viewed as sources of information and receivers of information. Signup and view all the answers

What is partnership in community health?

Being informed, flexibility, and negotiation. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts of a community nursing diagnosis?

Risk of - what are the strengths, challenges/problems; Among - who are you wanting to help; Related to - what is the level of knowledge or motivation. Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps of evidence-based practice?

Develop the question, search and collect the best evidence, evaluate the quality of the evidence, integrate evidence into practice, evaluate outcomes of practice change, disseminate the evidence. Signup and view all the answers

What are the five social determinants of health?

Education, Neighborhood and Built Environment, Economic Stability, Health and Health Care, Social and Community Context. Signup and view all the answers

Who is the largest group of practicing nurse professionals?

Medical Surgical nurses. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Nursing Executive Center of The Advisory Board focus on?

Data collection and best practices, reported an academic-practice gap for recent graduates. Signup and view all the answers

Where do new nurses lack the most competency according to the Nursing Executive Center of The Advisory Board?

Knowledge of pathophysiology of patient conditions, knowledge of pharmacological implications of medications, decision making based upon the nursing process, interpretation of assessment data. Signup and view all the answers

What is the foundation of professional nursing care?

Evidence based practice. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different levels of evidence based practice?

Level I: Systematic reviews of RCTs; Level II: At least one RCT; Level III: Quasi-experimental studies; Level IV: Case-control and cohort studies; Level V: Systematic reviews of descriptive or qualitative studies; Level VI: A single descriptive or qualitative study; Level VII: Expert opinion. Signup and view all the answers

What is systematic reviews of RCTs considered?

The highest level of evidence. Signup and view all the answers

What are randomized control studies?

Considered the gold standard of research, with their findings most valuable. Signup and view all the answers

What are quasi-experimental studies?

Use control and experimental groups but lack random assignment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a case-control study?

Two groups, those with a specific disorder and those without. Signup and view all the answers

What are cohort studies?

Use a group of people who are initially free of disease and are followed over a period to examine new cases. Signup and view all the answers

Has there been an increasing or decreasing amount of one-on-one time with physicians and patients?

False Signup and view all the answers

Where is the importance of patient-centered care highlighted?

Institute of Medicine's report and The Joint Commission Standards for Hospitals. Signup and view all the answers

Who publishes the National Patient Safety Goals and what do they aim to do?

The Joint Commission aims at improving patient safety through goals that focus on potential problems in the health-care setting. Signup and view all the answers

What does SBAR stand for?

Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Community and Individual Health

A community comprises people sharing a culture, values, norms, and relationships over time, shaping identity.
Individual health involves nurses supporting individuals in community environments.

Population-Centered Practice

Aims for beneficial health changes across entire communities.

Ecology and Community Dynamics

Ecology studies organism interactions with their environment, including biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors.

Participation and Partnership

Passive participation sees residents as sources and receivers of information.
Successful partnerships require being informed, flexible, and open to negotiation.

Community Nursing Diagnosis

Three components are:
- Risk of: Assessing strengths and challenges.
- Among: Identifying the target population.
- Related to: Understanding knowledge and motivation levels.

Evidence-Based Practice Steps

Develop a guiding question.
Search and collect quality evidence.
Evaluate evidence quality.
Integrate evidence into practice.
Assess outcomes from changes.
Disseminate findings effectively.

Key factors impacting health include:
- Education
- Neighborhood and Built Environment
- Economic Stability
- Health and Health Care
- Social and Community Context

Nursing Profession Insights

Medical-Surgical nurses represent the largest practicing group of nursing professionals.
Recent graduates noted a significant academic-practice gap.

Competency Gaps of New Nurses

New nurses often lack competencies in:
- Pathophysiology knowledge
- Pharmacological implications
- Decision-making using the nursing process
- Assessment data interpretation

Foundation of Professional Nursing

Evidence-based practice is the cornerstone of professional nursing care.

Levels of Evidence-Based Practice

Levels range from systematic reviews of randomized controlled studies (Level I) to expert opinions (Level VII).

Evidence Hierarchy

Systematic reviews (Level I) hold the highest evidence value.
Randomized control studies are considered the gold standard in research.
Quasi-experimental studies lack random assignment but still utilize control and experimental groups.

Study Designs

Case-control studies compare individuals with and without a disorder.
Cohort studies follow a group free of disease over time to observe new case developments based on exposures.

Trends in Patient Interaction

There has been a decrease in one-on-one time between physicians and patients.

Patient-Centered Care Importance

Emphasized in the Institute of Medicine's report and The Joint Commission's hospital standards.

National Patient Safety Goals

Published by The Joint Commission, these goals aim to enhance patient safety by addressing potential healthcare problems.

Communication Framework

SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation; a standardized communication tool.

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Test your knowledge on key concepts related to community definitions in preparation for the PPNC Exam. This quiz includes important terms and their meanings essential for understanding community dynamics. Engage with flashcards that help reinforce your learning and memory retention.