PPA-II Module 2: Introduction to GI Disorders
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the brush border produced by microvilli in the small intestine?

  • Increase absorption surface area (correct)
  • Produce acid and enzymes
  • Secrete mucus for protection
  • Promote motility
  • Which disorder is characterized by Achalasia, a condition involving damage to the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract?

  • Achalasia (correct)
  • Peptic ulcers
  • Hischsprung’s disease
  • Lactose intolerance
  • What is the main role of foveolar cells in the stomach epithelium?

  • Absorb nutrients
  • Produce mucus (correct)
  • Produce acid and enzymes
  • Promote peristalsis
  • Which condition results from an inappropriate production of acid and mucus in the stomach?

    <p>Peptic ulcers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of goblet cells in the colon epithelium?

    <p>Produce mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gastrointestinal disorder is associated with a decreased ability to absorb nutrients?

    <p>Lactose intolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medical term for painful swallowing?

    <p>Odynophagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gastrointestinal disorder is characterized by a loss of desire to eat?

    <p>Anorexia Nervosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for bright red blood coating the stool?

    <p>Hematochezia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is targeted by medications like zofran to alleviate nausea and vomiting?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical specialization prevents undigested food from entering the lungs?

    <p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for black or tarry stool indicating bleeding from the upper GI tract?

    <p>Melena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the digestive enzyme lipase?

    <p>Aid in the digestion of fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is primarily involved in the absorption of nutrients, water, and ions?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the myenteric plexus in the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Facilitate motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gastrointestinal disorder is characterized by abnormal motility leading to symptoms like diarrhea or constipation?

    <p>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nausea and vomiting are typically controlled by which area of the brain?

    <p>Brainstem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of absorption disorders in the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Severe constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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