18 Questions
What is the primary function of the brush border produced by microvilli in the small intestine?
Increase absorption surface area
Which disorder is characterized by Achalasia, a condition involving damage to the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract?
Achalasia
What is the main role of foveolar cells in the stomach epithelium?
Produce mucus
Which condition results from an inappropriate production of acid and mucus in the stomach?
Peptic ulcers
What is the main function of goblet cells in the colon epithelium?
Produce mucus
Which gastrointestinal disorder is associated with a decreased ability to absorb nutrients?
Lactose intolerance
What is the medical term for painful swallowing?
Odynophagia
Which gastrointestinal disorder is characterized by a loss of desire to eat?
Anorexia Nervosa
What is the term for bright red blood coating the stool?
Hematochezia
Which neurotransmitter is targeted by medications like zofran to alleviate nausea and vomiting?
Serotonin
What anatomical specialization prevents undigested food from entering the lungs?
Epiglottis
What is the term for black or tarry stool indicating bleeding from the upper GI tract?
Melena
What is the primary function of the digestive enzyme lipase?
Aid in the digestion of fats
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is primarily involved in the absorption of nutrients, water, and ions?
Small intestine
What is the function of the myenteric plexus in the gastrointestinal system?
Facilitate motility
Which gastrointestinal disorder is characterized by abnormal motility leading to symptoms like diarrhea or constipation?
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Nausea and vomiting are typically controlled by which area of the brain?
Brainstem
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of absorption disorders in the gastrointestinal system?
Severe constipation
Review the anatomy and function of the gastrointestinal tract, types of gastrointestinal disorders, and key sites of action of pharmacological treatments. This quiz is based on the content from Module 2 of PPA-II on Gastrointestinal System by Erin Bruce, PhD.
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