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Questions and Answers

EASY What is the primary purpose of power tools?

To operate manually

To complete work easier, faster, or more accurately (correct)

To make work more difficult

To replace human labor

Which of the following tasks can be performed using a hand grinder?

Drilling holes

Cutting metal

Measuring distances

Removing material from a work piece (correct)

What type of protection is required when using a grinder?

Steel-toed boots and gloves

Earplugs and a hard hat

A dust mask and goggles

Safety glasses with side shields and a face shield (correct)

Why is it necessary to clear the area nearby of combustibles?

To prevent fire hazards Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a wheel guard on a grinder?

To protect the user from grinding or wire particles Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the spindle friction clamping assembly?

To apply pressure to the grinding wheel Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with long hair when using a grinder?

Tie it back and conceal it Signup and view all the answers

What type of grinder is often used to grind off high spots or welding from flat plate?

Angle grinder Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the grinding wheel or brush jams?

The shaft continues to turn and the friction clamp slips Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when starting a grinder?

Make sure the wheel is not in contact with the work Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the notched metal plate on a bench grinder?

To support the work during a grinding operation Signup and view all the answers

Why should the gap between the wheel and the plate be small?

To reduce the risk of wheel shattering Signup and view all the answers

What should you wear when using a grinder?

A full-face shield Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to a chipped or nicked wheel?

Dress the wheel with a dressing tool Signup and view all the answers

What should you avoid doing when grinding?

Using the side of the wheel Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of abrasive commonly used?

Aluminum oxide and silicon carbide Signup and view all the answers

What determines the grit size of an abrasive wheel?

The grain size of the abrasive Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the wheel guard on a bench grinder?

To protect the user from flying grinding particles Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of grinding wheel?

Vitrified Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important not to operate a grinding wheel beyond its recommended speed?

To avoid serious injury to the user and people in the surrounding area Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a hand drill?

Drilling, buffing, grinding, driving, and removing screws Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the trigger switch on a hand drill?

To start and stop the drill Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the chuck on a hand drill?

To hold the drill bit in place Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of high-speed drill bits over carbon steel drill bits?

They can be operated at higher cutting speeds Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the spindle sleeve on a drill press?

To provide a feed for the cutting tool Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the depth stop on a drill press?

To control the depth of the cutting tool Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of removing burrs from a drill bit?

Deburring Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the part of a drill bit that is held in the chuck?

Shank Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the tang on the tapered shank bit?

To prevent the bit from slipping Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the flute in a twist drill bit?

To provide a passage for cutting oil and debris Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the body clearance in a twist drill bit?

To reduce the friction between the bit and the walls of the hole Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical point angle used for general drilling?

118° Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the bit frequently while grinding to prevent it from overheating?

Dip it frequently in a coolant Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of sizes for miniature metric bits?

0.04 to 0.09 mm Signup and view all the answers

Why is a pilot hole drilled first for holes over 10 mm?

To prevent bit wander Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to operate the drill bit at the correct speed and rate of feed?

To prevent the bit from breaking Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a cutting fluid in drilling?

To provide cooling and lubrication Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the center of the hole before drilling?

Centre punch the center Signup and view all the answers

MEDIUM What is the purpose of the spindle sleeve on a drill press?

To provide a feed for the cutting tool Signup and view all the answers

What type of drill bits are considered better than carbon steel bits?

High-speed steel Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the trigger switch on a hand drill?

To switch the drill on and off Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a drill press?

To perform various drilling and cutting operations Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of grinding wheel?

Vitrified wheel Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the chuck on a hand drill?

To hold the drill bit Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hand feed wheel on a drill press?

To move the spindle sleeve and cutting tool vertically Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of removing burrs from a drill bit?

Deburring Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the body clearance in a twist drill bit?

To provide clearance for the cutting edge Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of portable grinders?

To remove material from a work piece by abrasive means Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum protection required when using a grinder?

Safety glasses with side shields and a face shield Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to maintain a firm grip on the drill and maintain a good footing when drilling?

To prevent accidents and injuries Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to clear the area nearby of combustibles when using a grinder?

To prevent sparks from igniting nearby flammable materials Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the spindle friction clamping assembly on a grinder?

To apply pressure to the grinding wheel to hold it tightly against the flanged end of the spindle Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between an electric angle grinder and a pneumatic die grinder?

The power source they use Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to wear appropriate PPE when using a grinder?

To protect the user from grinding or wire particles and shattering of a grinding wheel Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with long sleeves when grinding?

Roll them up when necessary to avoid interference with the grinding wheel Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to never remove the guard from a power grinder?

To protect the user from grinding or wire particles and shattering of a grinding wheel Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the friction clamp in a grinder?

To provide additional safety when the wheel jams Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to select a grinding wheel with an adequate RPM rating?

To prevent the wheel from shattering and causing injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the movable safety glass shield on a bench grinder?

To protect the user from flying grinding particles Signup and view all the answers

Why should the gap between the wheel and the notched metal plate be as small as possible?

To prevent small pieces from slipping and jamming the wheel Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the roughing wheel on a grinder?

To remove a large amount of material quickly Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with a wheel that has cracks anywhere?

It should be discarded immediately Signup and view all the answers

Why should the workpiece be dipped in water frequently when grinding?

To prevent overheating of the workpiece and operator burns Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the bond type in an abrasive wheel?

To identify the method used to hold the grains together Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the structure in an abrasive wheel?

To describe the range of grains from dense to open type Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method of grinding using the whole face of the wheel?

Moving the workpiece back and forth slowly across the wheel Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the margin on a twist drill bit?

To provide the actual diameter of the bit Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lip clearance on a twist drill bit?

To provide relief for the cutting edge Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical range of lip clearance angles for twist drill bits?

8° to 12° Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the web on a twist drill bit?

To increase the strength of the bit Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of center punching the center of the hole before drilling?

To provide a guide for the drill bit Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of drilling a pilot hole for holes over 10 mm?

To prevent bit wander Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of operating a drill bit at the correct speed and rate of feed?

To prevent bit dulling Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a cutting fluid in drilling?

To provide cooling and lubrication Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of sizes for straight shank standard metric bits?

0.5 to 20 mm Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the body clearance in a twist drill bit?

To reduce friction between the bit and the walls of the hole Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using power tools?

To complete the work more accurately Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of wearing respiratory protection when using a grinder?

To prevent inhalation of dust and particles Signup and view all the answers

Hard What is the purpose of rolling up long sleeves when grinding?

To prevent interference with the grinding wheel Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the spindle friction clamping assembly on a grinder?

To apply pressure to the grinding wheel Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to clear the area nearby of combustibles when using a grinder?

To prevent fires Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using an angle grinder?

To grind off high spots or welding from flat plate Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the wheel guard on a grinder?

To protect the user from grinding or wire particles Signup and view all the answers

Why should jewelry not be worn while grinding?

To prevent interference with the grinding wheel Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is used in the most common type of grinding wheel?

Vitrified Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the air-cooled motor in a hand drill?

To cool the motor Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the clutch in a drill press?

To advance the cutting tool into the work Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to maintain a firm grip on the drill and maintain a good footing when drilling?

To maintain balance and prevent injuries Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the depth stop on a drill press?

To set the depth of the hole to be drilled Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of high-speed drill bits over carbon steel drill bits?

They can be operated at higher cutting speeds Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical point angle used for general drilling?

120 degrees Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important not to operate a grinding wheel beyond its recommended speed?

It may disintegrate and cause injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the flute in a twist drill bit?

To remove chips from the hole being drilled Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to grind off burrs formed on a drill bit?

To prevent damage to the drill bit Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the friction clamp slips in a grinder?

The shaft continues to turn, protecting the user from sudden twisting force Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the movable safety glass shield on a bench grinder?

To cover the opening in the wheel guard for further protection Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of using a grinding wheel with an inadequate RPM rating?

The wheel may shatter and cause serious injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the roughing wheel on a grinder?

To remove a large amount of material quickly Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent overheating the workpiece and operator burns when using a grinder?

Dip the workpiece in water frequently Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification category that refers to the grit bond strength of an abrasive wheel?

Grade Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the margin on a twist drill bit?

To provide a narrow bright strip that runs along the side of the flute. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical range of lip clearance for a twist drill bit?

8° to 12° Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the gap between the wheel and the plate is too large on a bench grinder?

Small pieces may slip and jam the rotating wheel, causing shattering and injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the notched metal plate on a bench grinder?

To support the work during grinding operations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of grinding the point of a twist drill bit?

To ensure the bit cuts accurately. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to a wheel that has cracks anywhere?

Discard it immediately Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the web in a twist drill bit?

To give the bit strength and stability. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of examining the wheel closely prior to each use?

To check for any damage or defects Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to centre punch the centre of the hole before drilling?

To make it easier for the drill bit to enter the metal to be cut. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the flute in a twist drill bit?

To provide a passage for cutting oil and debris to come out. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the body clearance in a twist drill bit?

To reduce friction between the bit and the walls of the hole. Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of sizes for straight shank standard metric bits?

0.5 to 20 mm Signup and view all the answers

Why is a pilot hole drilled first for holes over 10 mm?

To prevent bit wander. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a cutting fluid in drilling?

To provide cooling and lubrication. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Power Tools

Operate entirely or partially by power, such as electricity or compressed air, to complete work easier, faster, or more accurately
Examples: electric drills, grinders, and air hammers

Hand Grinders

Used to remove material from a workpiece in the field, by abrasive means
Tasks:
- Wire brushing rust and paint
- Grinding surfaces flat
- Removing welding or other protrusions
- Buffing or polishing to finish a workpiece

Safety Check

Wear appropriate PPE when using a grinder, including:
- Safety glasses with side shields and a face shield
- Respiratory protection
- Hearing protection
Clear the area nearby of combustibles
May require a hot-work permit, depending on the job location
Ensure long hair is tied back and concealed, and long sleeves are rolled up
Jewelry should not be worn while grinding
Never remove the guard from a power grinder
Select grinding wheels for the RPM of the grinder in use
Ensure the wheel is not in contact with the work when starting the grinder

Fixed Grinders

Bench and floor mounted grinders used for a wide variety of jobs
Examples: sharpening tools, shaping workpieces, and removing material
Consist of a double-ended sealed motor with a threaded mounting shaft for grinding wheels
Wheel guards are attached to the motor and surround most of the wheel
Movable safety glass shield covers the opening in the guard for further protection
Notched metal plate attached in front of each wheel supports the work during grinding
Gap between the wheel and plate should be as small as possible

Safety Check

Wear a full-face shield for protection from flying grinding particles
Dip the workpiece in water frequently to prevent overheating and operator burns
Examine wheels closely prior to each use
Chip or nicked wheels should be dressed with a dressing tool
Wheels with cracks should be discarded immediately
Use the whole face of the wheel when grinding
Move the workpiece back and forth slowly across the wheel

Abrasive Wheels

Use hard abrasive particles to remove or finish materials
Classified and marked using six categories:
- Abrasive type
- Grain size
- Grade
- Structure
- Bond type
- Manufacturer's record
Two common abrasive types: aluminum oxide and silicon carbide
Grain sizes range from coarse to very fine
Grade refers to the grit bond strength
Structure refers to the range of grains from dense to open type
Bond type identifies the method used to hold the grains together

Wheel Speed

Manufacturers list the maximum speed for a particular grinding wheel
Important to operate within the recommended speed to prevent wheel disintegration and injury

Drilling Machines

Hand drills used for:
- Drilling
- Buffing
- Grinding
- Driving
- Removing screws
Consist of:
- Air-cooled motor
- Gear reducer
- Chuck
- Trigger switch
Hand drill size refers to the maximum diameter drill bit that will fit into the drill chuck
Hand drills available with fixed, two-speed, and variable speed options
Some drills have reversible rotation and other options

Safety Check

Maintain a firm grip on the drill and a good footing
Ensure the drill bit is held tightly in the chuck
Avoid using a larger size drill for heavy drilling to prevent overloading and damage

Drill Press

Available in a range of sizes and types, from small bench type to large radial arm, floor-mounted type
Used for:
- Counter boring
- Spot facing
- Reaming
- Grinding
- Tapping
Drill presses vary in size, determined by the distance from the edge of the column to the center of the spindle

Twist Drill Bits

End cutting tools used to produce holes in most types of materials
Made from carbon steel or high-speed steel
High-speed drill bits considered better due to higher cutting speeds and longer-lasting cutting edges
Consist of:
- Shank
- Body
- Point
Shank: straight or tapered, with a tang on the end to prevent slipping
Body: made up of flutes, margin, and body clearance
Point: consists of the chisel edge, lips, lip clearance, and heel

Drilling Procedures

Lay out holes properly before starting
Centre punch the center of the hole
Drill a pilot hole (approximately 3 mm) for holes over 10 mm to prevent bit wander
Scribe and prick punch the circumference of the hole to ensure the bit has not wandered
Operate the drill press at the correct speed and rate of feed
Consult a drilling chart to determine the correct speed
Use a cutting fluid to provide cooling and lubrication

Power Tools

Operate entirely or partially by power, such as electricity or compressed air, to complete work easier, faster, or more accurately
Examples: electric drills, grinders, and air hammers

Hand Grinders

Used to remove material from a workpiece in the field, by abrasive means
Tasks:
- Wire brushing rust and paint
- Grinding surfaces flat
- Removing welding or other protrusions
- Buffing or polishing to finish a workpiece

Safety Check

Wear appropriate PPE when using a grinder, including:
- Safety glasses with side shields and a face shield
- Respiratory protection
- Hearing protection
Clear the area nearby of combustibles
May require a hot-work permit, depending on the job location
Ensure long hair is tied back and concealed, and long sleeves are rolled up
Jewelry should not be worn while grinding
Never remove the guard from a power grinder
Select grinding wheels for the RPM of the grinder in use
Ensure the wheel is not in contact with the work when starting the grinder

Fixed Grinders

Bench and floor mounted grinders used for a wide variety of jobs
Examples: sharpening tools, shaping workpieces, and removing material
Consist of a double-ended sealed motor with a threaded mounting shaft for grinding wheels
Wheel guards are attached to the motor and surround most of the wheel
Movable safety glass shield covers the opening in the guard for further protection
Notched metal plate attached in front of each wheel supports the work during grinding
Gap between the wheel and plate should be as small as possible

Safety Check

Wear a full-face shield for protection from flying grinding particles
Dip the workpiece in water frequently to prevent overheating and operator burns
Examine wheels closely prior to each use
Chip or nicked wheels should be dressed with a dressing tool
Wheels with cracks should be discarded immediately
Use the whole face of the wheel when grinding
Move the workpiece back and forth slowly across the wheel

Abrasive Wheels

Use hard abrasive particles to remove or finish materials
Classified and marked using six categories:
- Abrasive type
- Grain size
- Grade
- Structure
- Bond type
- Manufacturer's record
Two common abrasive types: aluminum oxide and silicon carbide
Grain sizes range from coarse to very fine
Grade refers to the grit bond strength
Structure refers to the range of grains from dense to open type
Bond type identifies the method used to hold the grains together

Wheel Speed

Manufacturers list the maximum speed for a particular grinding wheel
Important to operate within the recommended speed to prevent wheel disintegration and injury

Drilling Machines

Hand drills used for:
- Drilling
- Buffing
- Grinding
- Driving
- Removing screws
Consist of:
- Air-cooled motor
- Gear reducer
- Chuck
- Trigger switch
Hand drill size refers to the maximum diameter drill bit that will fit into the drill chuck
Hand drills available with fixed, two-speed, and variable speed options
Some drills have reversible rotation and other options

Safety Check

Maintain a firm grip on the drill and a good footing
Ensure the drill bit is held tightly in the chuck
Avoid using a larger size drill for heavy drilling to prevent overloading and damage

Drill Press

Available in a range of sizes and types, from small bench type to large radial arm, floor-mounted type
Used for:
- Counter boring
- Spot facing
- Reaming
- Grinding
- Tapping
Drill presses vary in size, determined by the distance from the edge of the column to the center of the spindle

Twist Drill Bits

End cutting tools used to produce holes in most types of materials
Made from carbon steel or high-speed steel
High-speed drill bits considered better due to higher cutting speeds and longer-lasting cutting edges
Consist of:
- Shank
- Body
- Point
Shank: straight or tapered, with a tang on the end to prevent slipping
Body: made up of flutes, margin, and body clearance
Point: consists of the chisel edge, lips, lip clearance, and heel

Drilling Procedures

Lay out holes properly before starting
Centre punch the center of the hole
Drill a pilot hole (approximately 3 mm) for holes over 10 mm to prevent bit wander
Scribe and prick punch the circumference of the hole to ensure the bit has not wandered
Operate the drill press at the correct speed and rate of feed
Consult a drilling chart to determine the correct speed
Use a cutting fluid to provide cooling and lubrication

Power Tools

Operate entirely or partially by power, such as electricity or compressed air, to complete work easier, faster, or more accurately
Examples: electric drills, grinders, and air hammers

Hand Grinders

Used to remove material from a workpiece in the field, by abrasive means
Tasks:
- Wire brushing rust and paint
- Grinding surfaces flat
- Removing welding or other protrusions
- Buffing or polishing to finish a workpiece

Safety Check

Wear appropriate PPE when using a grinder, including:
- Safety glasses with side shields and a face shield
- Respiratory protection
- Hearing protection
Clear the area nearby of combustibles
May require a hot-work permit, depending on the job location
Ensure long hair is tied back and concealed, and long sleeves are rolled up
Jewelry should not be worn while grinding
Never remove the guard from a power grinder
Select grinding wheels for the RPM of the grinder in use
Ensure the wheel is not in contact with the work when starting the grinder

Fixed Grinders

Bench and floor mounted grinders used for a wide variety of jobs
Examples: sharpening tools, shaping workpieces, and removing material
Consist of a double-ended sealed motor with a threaded mounting shaft for grinding wheels
Wheel guards are attached to the motor and surround most of the wheel
Movable safety glass shield covers the opening in the guard for further protection
Notched metal plate attached in front of each wheel supports the work during grinding
Gap between the wheel and plate should be as small as possible

Safety Check

Wear a full-face shield for protection from flying grinding particles
Dip the workpiece in water frequently to prevent overheating and operator burns
Examine wheels closely prior to each use
Chip or nicked wheels should be dressed with a dressing tool
Wheels with cracks should be discarded immediately
Use the whole face of the wheel when grinding
Move the workpiece back and forth slowly across the wheel

Abrasive Wheels

Use hard abrasive particles to remove or finish materials
Classified and marked using six categories:
- Abrasive type
- Grain size
- Grade
- Structure
- Bond type
- Manufacturer's record
Two common abrasive types: aluminum oxide and silicon carbide
Grain sizes range from coarse to very fine
Grade refers to the grit bond strength
Structure refers to the range of grains from dense to open type
Bond type identifies the method used to hold the grains together

Wheel Speed

Manufacturers list the maximum speed for a particular grinding wheel
Important to operate within the recommended speed to prevent wheel disintegration and injury

Drilling Machines

Hand drills used for:
- Drilling
- Buffing
- Grinding
- Driving
- Removing screws
Consist of:
- Air-cooled motor
- Gear reducer
- Chuck
- Trigger switch
Hand drill size refers to the maximum diameter drill bit that will fit into the drill chuck
Hand drills available with fixed, two-speed, and variable speed options
Some drills have reversible rotation and other options

Safety Check

Maintain a firm grip on the drill and a good footing
Ensure the drill bit is held tightly in the chuck
Avoid using a larger size drill for heavy drilling to prevent overloading and damage

Drill Press

Available in a range of sizes and types, from small bench type to large radial arm, floor-mounted type
Used for:
- Counter boring
- Spot facing
- Reaming
- Grinding
- Tapping
Drill presses vary in size, determined by the distance from the edge of the column to the center of the spindle

Twist Drill Bits

End cutting tools used to produce holes in most types of materials
Made from carbon steel or high-speed steel
High-speed drill bits considered better due to higher cutting speeds and longer-lasting cutting edges
Consist of:
- Shank
- Body
- Point
Shank: straight or tapered, with a tang on the end to prevent slipping
Body: made up of flutes, margin, and body clearance
Point: consists of the chisel edge, lips, lip clearance, and heel

Drilling Procedures

Lay out holes properly before starting
Centre punch the center of the hole
Drill a pilot hole (approximately 3 mm) for holes over 10 mm to prevent bit wander
Scribe and prick punch the circumference of the hole to ensure the bit has not wandered
Operate the drill press at the correct speed and rate of feed
Consult a drilling chart to determine the correct speed
Use a cutting fluid to provide cooling and lubrication

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Description

This quiz covers the basics of power tools, including hand grinders, and their applications in various tasks such as removing material, wire brushing, and grinding surfaces.