Power Supply Systems for Signalling Installations

The normal power supply voltage for signalling installations is 230 V AC (single phase) or 415 V AC (three phase).

Secondary batteries are provided for signalling circuits to ensure functionality in case the main power supply fails.

The power supply system is designed so that fixed stop signals do not become blank when the main power supply fails.

<p>The electric supply is normally provided through Auxiliary Transformers (ATs) by tapping into the 25 KV OHE.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is ensured that supply from at least one Auxiliary Transformer (AT) is available during a power block.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A DG set of suitable capacity is installed to provide backup power when the supply is drawn from a single Auxiliary Transformer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DG sets are installed to provide additional power capacity and serve as a backup supply alongside Auxiliary Transformers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power supply control panel is equipped with facilities for automatic changeover between different source supplies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A manual change over facility is provided.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Electrical Department is responsible for providing and maintaining the power supply control panel and associated arrangements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A separate set of Automatic Switches (ATs) and a power supply control panel shall be provided.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DG sets shall be provided with push button start/stop facilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local power supply is used as the main source of supply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solar panels may charge a battery bank for integrated power supplies or signal lighting using inverters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The output supply from generators and local supply is connected to an auto/manual change-over panel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generators should be of standard make and of adequate capacity for reliable service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main components are the Solar Array, Battery bank, Solar charge controller, Field junction box, Solar Module Mounting Structure, Earthing Kit, and Cables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of solar panels should be based on the requirement of charging current and voltage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular cleaning of the solar panels' surface is recommended to remove dust.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proper capacity HRC fuses or Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) should be provided for protection against overload and short circuits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A 230 V power supply, selected from the auto/manual change-over panel, is distributed through a distribution panel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Battery chargers, transformers, voltage regulators, transformer-rectifier sets, inverters, and batteries should be procured as per approved specifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They should have in-built filters to maintain ripple content below a specified value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standby power equipment such as battery chargers, transformers, voltage regulators, and transformer-rectifier sets may be provided.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only approved types of DC-DC converters with isolated outputs are permitted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An integrated power supply system of approved type must be used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They should be charged only with chargers suitable for maintenance-free cells as per approved specifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The current rating of the charger equals the load current plus $AH/10$ capacity of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The battery room must have acid-proof flooring, acid-proof tiles, be well-ventilated, and have exhaust fans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Batteries should be installed in a separate area away from heat sources, on insulated surfaces, and with adequate clearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Racks should be protected with acid-resistant paint and mounted on approved insulators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Batteries should be kept properly aligned, suitably numbered, and have adequate clearance between cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The initial charging of batteries shall be done as per the manufacturer's instructions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only a glass, porcelain, rubber, or other acid-proof container should be used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acid should always be added to water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The level of electrolyte should be noted; if below the prescribed level, it may need replacement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maximum allowable voltage loss is 0.5%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Battery leads should be color-coded (Red for positive, Black for negative, Green for earth).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An official not below the rank of SSE/JE (Signal) shall maintain the records.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A ring main type of power supply arrangement is desirable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Approval from the Principal Chief Signal and Telecommunication Engineer is required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power supply should be drawn from Auxiliary Transformers on both up and down OHE lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a backup power source in case the single Auxiliary Transformer fails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They ensure continuous operation of signals during main power supply failures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diesel Generators (DG sets) of adequate capacity are installed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local sources act as a standby power supply when the main source is unavailable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It should facilitate automatic changeover between different power sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maximum allowable voltage loss is unspecified but it should be minimized to ensure efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The decision is based on the requirement of charging current and voltage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular cleaning should be done to remove dust from the surface of the solar panels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HRC fuses and Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) should be included for protection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Visual indications showing the availability of power supplies from various feeders are important.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All power supply equipment must be procured as per approved specifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Battery chargers must have in-built filters to maintain ripple content below a specified value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standby equipment may include battery chargers, transformers, and voltage regulators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Power supply should be distributed through underground power cables of approved type.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To isolate the signal power supply from the charger, preventing interference and ensuring stable signal integrity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Battery rooms must have acid-proof flooring, proper ventilation, and be free from direct sunlight and heat sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Batteries should be properly aligned with adequate spacing between cells and clearly numbered for easy identification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The current rating should include both the load current and one-tenth of the ampere-hour capacity of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Racks must be insulated, painted with acid-resistant paint, and positioned for easy access and maintenance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An integrated power supply system of an approved type is required for CLS installations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chargers must be suitable for maintenance-free cells to ensure compatibility and prevent damage during charging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ventilation prevents the accumulation of harmful fumes that can damage equipment and pose safety risks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Battery grade sulphuric acid conforming to IS 266.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Always add acid to water while stirring to keep the temperature below 50°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Containers made of glass, porcelain, rubber, or any acid-proof material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Restore the level by adding battery grade acid of the recommended specific gravity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Note the level of the electrolyte and check for spillage during transit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No more than 0.5% loss in voltage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An official not below the rank of SSE/JE (Signal).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red for positive, Black for negative, and Green for earth terminal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Separate MCBs ensure that each S&amp;T location can be independently controlled and protected from overloads or faults, enhancing safety and reliability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Automatic change-over switch allows for seamless transition between different power supply sources to ensure continuous operation of IB Signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solar panels provide a renewable energy source that can charge battery banks, supplying necessary power for signaling and telecommunications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The generators must be of standard make, have adequate capacity, and ensure reliable and trouble-free service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For locations over two kilometers, a separate set of Automatic Transfers (ATs) and a power supply control panel must be established.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Remote operation capability allows for convenient management and control of DG sets, enhancing accessibility and response times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key components include solar panels, battery banks, and inverters to process and store the energy generated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using local power supply reduces dependency on external sources, enhancing efficiency and reliability in signal operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers