Power Supply Systems for Signalling Installations
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Questions and Answers

What is the normal power supply voltage for signalling installations?

  • 110 V AC (single phase)
  • 230 V AC (single phase) or 415 V AC (three phase) (correct)
  • 220 V AC (single phase)
  • 240 V AC (single phase)

What must be provided at all locations for signalling circuits?

  • Capacitors for voltage stabilization
  • Secondary batteries of appropriate capacity (correct)
  • Backup generators only
  • Solar panels for power generation

What should be ensured on double/multi line sections regarding power supply?

  • Power must only come from local sources
  • All power sources must be combined into one line
  • Power supply must come from a single AT
  • Supply from at least one AT is available during a power block (correct)

In a single line section, what additional equipment is required when drawing power from a single AT?

<p>A DG set of suitable capacity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a power supply control panel?

<p>To automatically change over between source supplies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition must be met for fixed stop signals for approaching trains?

<p>They must not become blank when main power source fails (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for signalling and telecommunication installations in electrified areas?

<p>Normal supply through Auxiliary Transformers (ATs) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be available at stations where local power supply is present?

<p>It shall act as a stand-by source of power supply (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of providing a manual change over facility in the control panel?

<p>To allow for emergency power switching (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be extended from the power supply control panel to S&T locations within two km?

<p>Separate MCBs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for locations beyond two km from the power supply control panel?

<p>An additional power supply control panel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of power supply for Colour Light Signalling (CLS) installations?

<p>Local power supply (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for the generators installed at CLS locations?

<p>They must be capable of reliable and trouble-free service. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do solar panels work to supply power at wayside stations?

<p>They charge a battery bank that supplies necessary power. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature must DG sets include according to site requirements?

<p>A remote operation capability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the solar panels consist of to achieve their energy output?

<p>Multiple modules connected in series and parallel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using DC-DC converters with isolated outputs?

<p>To generate different voltages from a common battery bank (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used for charging maintenance-free cells?

<p>Chargers specifically approved for maintenance-free cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the current rating of a battery charger be calculated?

<p>Load current plus AH/10 capacity of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should batteries be installed to prevent damage from fumes?

<p>In specially designed battery rooms or apparatus cases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for the battery room mentioned in the content?

<p>It must be well-ventilated and include exhaust fans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of a solar photovoltaic system?

<p>Transformer-rectifier sets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when determining the number of solar panels to install?

<p>The requirement of charging current and voltage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should batteries be positioned regarding sunlight and heat?

<p>Direct sunlight and heat radiating equipment should be avoided (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of power supply equipment should be monitored through a Datalogger?

<p>All power supply equipment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of flooring and wall treatment should the battery room have?

<p>Acid-proof flooring and acid-proof tiles up to a suitable height (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is essential to protect electrical equipment from overload?

<p>Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the battery racks be maintained for safety and accessibility?

<p>Protected with acid-resistant paint and levelled for maintenance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a solar charge controller in a photovoltaic system?

<p>To control the charging and discharging of the battery bank (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For installations in non-renewable energy areas, what is required for power supply arrangements?

<p>Designs suitable to renewable energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done regularly to maintain the efficiency of solar panels?

<p>Clean the surface to remove dust (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be provided for battery chargers in axle counters?

<p>In-built filters to maintain ripple content below specified value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used for mixing battery grade sulphuric acid with water?

<p>Glass, porcelain, or rubber container (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When mixing acid and water, what is the recommended order of addition?

<p>Acid should be added to water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protection gear is suggested while handling electrolyte?

<p>Goggles, rubber gloves, and an apron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the level of electrolyte is below the prescribed level upon receipt of charged secondary cells?

<p>Battery grade acid with the correct specific gravity should be added (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transformer and battery charger is recommended for installation?

<p>Air-cooled type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color coding is used for negative battery leads?

<p>Black (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum allowable voltage loss in connecting wires for power equipment?

<p>0.5% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who should conduct the capacity test at the time of installation?

<p>An official not below the rank of SSE/JE (Signal) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a solar photovoltaic system is primarily responsible for regulating the charging of batteries?

<p>Solar charge controller (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the number of solar panels to be installed in a photovoltaic system?

<p>Current and voltage requirements of charging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended flooring type for the battery room to protect against chemicals?

<p>Acid proof flooring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fuses should be utilized to protect electrical equipment from overload in a power distribution system?

<p>Proper capacity HRC fuses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential practice for maintaining the efficiency of solar panels?

<p>Regularly cleaning the surface to remove dust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for maintaining secondary cells during installation?

<p>Providing direct airflow across the cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a power supply system, what component is used to provide visual indications of power availability?

<p>Visual indicators (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic should the battery charger possess when charging maintenance-free cells?

<p>Compliance with approved specifications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When calculating the current rating of a battery charger, what factor is considered alongside load current?

<p>AH/10 capacity of the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be included with battery chargers used for axle counters to minimize electrical noise?

<p>In-built filters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ventilation is specifically required for the battery room?

<p>Forced ventilation using exhaust fans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of power supply equipment is monitored through a Datalogger?

<p>All power supply equipment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the condition of battery racks to facilitate maintenance?

<p>Level and mounted on approved insulators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protective device should be included in a power supply distribution panel to guard against lightning surges?

<p>Surge protection devices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these describes the proposed surface for battery installation areas?

<p>Acid resistant painted surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material should walls in the battery room be treated with up to a suitable height?

<p>Acid proof tiles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when receiving charged secondary cells and the electrolyte level is below the prescribed level?

<p>Add battery grade acid of the recommended specific gravity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which materials should NOT be used for mixing acid and water due to contamination risks?

<p>Lead utensils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct procedure for mixing battery grade sulphuric acid with water?

<p>Always add acid to water and stir constantly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of equipment connection arrangement is desirable at large stations?

<p>Ring main type (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum allowable voltage loss for wires connecting power equipment?

<p>0.5% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be noted during the initial charging of batteries?

<p>The date of charging. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is necessary for ensuring safety while working on electrolyte?

<p>Wearing goggles, rubber gloves, and an apron. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is authorized to maintain records of capacity tests at the time of installation?

<p>An official not below the rank of SSE/JE (Signal). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary requirement for ensuring that fixed stop signals do not become blank during a power failure?

<p>Installation of secondary batteries of approved type (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect must be fulfilled when drawing power from Auxiliary Transformers (ATs) in a double/multi line railway section during a power block?

<p>At least one AT should remain available (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be ensured regarding the installation of a Diesel Generator (DG) set in a single line section?

<p>The DG set must operate independently of the AT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the case of local power supply being available at a station, what role does it serve?

<p>It acts as a backup power supply source (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for power supply control panels terminating power from multiple sources?

<p>Automatic changeover facilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential about the capacity of secondary batteries provided at signalling installations?

<p>They must be capable of handling irregular power loads (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which arrangement is critical for the auxiliary transformers providing power in an electrified railway area?

<p>Separate transformers should provide power for each line (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the protocol for installing a DG set in big yards in addition to existing power sources?

<p>DG sets should complement existing ATs and local sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of providing separate MCBs from the power supply control panel?

<p>To manage power distribution to various locations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For locations beyond two km from the power supply control panel, what is specifically required?

<p>An additional set of ATs and control panel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What arrangement is necessary for the Availability of local power supply for Colour Light Signalling (CLS) installations?

<p>Two standby diesel generators of standard make (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system may be utilized for power supply at wayside stations in non-railway electrified areas?

<p>Solar Photo Voltaic System (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature must be included in the DG sets to enhance operational flexibility?

<p>Remote operation capability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT necessary for the charging system of solar panels?

<p>Electric motors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be compatible with the local supply system in CLS installations?

<p>Auto/manual change-over panel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the solar panels installed at wayside stations?

<p>Avoidance of theft-prone areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Power Supply for Signalling

Power supply for signaling installations must adhere to policies set by the Principal Chief Signal and Telecommunication Engineer of the Railway. Standard schemes from Railway Board/RDSO are preferred; however, alternative schemes may be used if approved.

Secondary Batteries

Signalling circuits must include secondary batteries of appropriate capacity.

Normal Power Supply Voltage

230V AC single-phase or 415V AC three-phase are the standard voltages.

Power Supply for Fixed Signals

The power supply system for fixed signals, especially those for approaching trains, must not fail when the main power supply fails.

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Railway Electrified Area Power

Signaling/telecommunication installations in RE (Railway Electrified) areas often get power from Auxiliary Transformers (ATs) connected to 25kV overhead lines (OHE).

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Double/Multi-Line Power

On double or multi-line sections, ATs must be provided for both up and down OHE lines.

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Single-Line Power Backup

On single-line sections, a Diesel Generator (DG) set is required as a backup to a single AT.

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Local Power as Backup

Local power sources can function as a standby source at stations.

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Power Supply Control Panel

A panel in the Signalman's office/cabin or LC gate controls the power supply and allows automatic switching between power sources.

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Power Supply Control Panel

A panel that manages the electrical power supply for signalling installations.

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Separate MCBs

Individual circuit breakers used to distribute power to specific locations (cabinets, gates etc).

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Automatic Changeover Switch (ACS)

A safety switch that automatically transfers power to a backup source in case of a main power failure.

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Diesel Generators (DG Sets)

Backup power sources used for signalling, typically powered by diesel.

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Manual Changeover Facility

A system allowing for manual switching of power supplies between the main source and backup sources.

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Local Power Supply

The primary power source for Colour Light Signalling (CLS) systems, not including diesel generators or solar power.

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Standby Diesel Generators (CLS)

Backup power sources used as a standby for Color Light Signaling installations.

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Solar Photovoltaic System

A renewable energy system that converts sunlight into electricity, using solar panels.

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Solar Panels

Modules that convert sunlight into electricity for charging a battery bank.

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Solar Photovoltaic System Components

The main components of a solar photovoltaic system are solar array, battery bank, solar charge controller, field junction box, mounting structure, earthing kit, and cables.

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Solar Panel Installation

The number of solar panels depends on the charging current and voltage needed. Regular cleaning is crucial to maintain efficiency.

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Power Supply Distribution

Power from a changeover panel is distributed to locations via underground cables, protected by fuses or circuit breakers.

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Power Supply Protection

Equipment like IPS, transformers, and battery chargers are protected by fuses, circuit breakers, and surge protection within a dedicated distribution panel.

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Power Supply Monitoring

Power systems are monitored using a datalogger for insights and efficiency.

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Power Supply Equipment Procurement

All power equipment (chargers, transformers, etc.) must meet approved specifications.

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Battery Charger Filters

Battery chargers for axle counters must include filters to control ripple content.

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Standby Power Equipment

Backup power sources like battery chargers, transformers, and rectifiers are sometimes needed.

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Secondary Cells

The DC circuits use secondary cells of specified capacities.

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DC-DC Converters

Devices used to get different voltages from a single battery bank, following approved types and isolated outputs.

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Integrated Power Supply at CLS

Approved integrated power supply systems are needed in Control and interlocking signal installations (CLS).

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Maintenance-free Cells

Maintenance-free cells, if used, must be charged with a charger specifically approved for them, adhering to stated specifications.

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Signal Transformer AC

Signal transformers' AC supply is derived from an approved voltage regulator.

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Separate Transformer for Signals

Separate transformers feed signal circuits and track feed chargers.

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Charger Current Rating Formula

The current rating calculation for battery chargers is Load current + (AH/10 Capacity of cell).

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Direct Charger Feeding of Block Instruments

Battery chargers should not directly connect to the line circuits of Block Instruments.

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Approved Secondary Cells

Only secondary cells of approved type can be utilized.

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Battery Installation Location

Batteries should be installed in separate rooms with acid-resistant flooring, walls, and adequate ventilation to avoid damage to other equipment and ensure safety.

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Battery Alignment/Numbering

Batteries should be numbered and aligned properly, with appropriate clearances between the cells.

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Battery Installation Surface

Batteries are installed on racks/insulated surfaces, with acid-resistant paint and suitable height for access and maintenance.

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Battery Sun/Heat Protection

Position batteries away from direct sunlight and heat-generating equipment for optimal performance and safety.

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Battery Charging Instructions

Batteries should be charged according to the manufacturer's instructions, and the charging date should be labeled.

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Electrolyte Composition

Electrolyte for batteries must be specifically graded sulfuric acid (IS 266) mixed with distilled water (IS 1069).

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Acid-Proof Mixing Containers

Only glass, porcelain, rubber, or other acid-proof containers should be used for mixing acid and water.

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Acid Addition Order

Battery acid should always be added to water, not the other way around.

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Mixing Procedure

Constant stirring of the acid and water solution is essential to prevent exceeding 50°C temperature during mixing.

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Electrolyte Safety Precautions

Protective gear like goggles, gloves, and aprons must be used when handling battery electrolyte.

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Electrolyte Level Checks

Check electrolyte levels after receiving charged batteries.

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Electrolyte Restoration

Use specific gravity battery acid (of the recommended level) to restore the electrolyte level if it is low.

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Hydrometer Availability

A hydrometer of an approved type must be kept in battery rooms for measuring specific gravity of electrolyte solution.

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Installation Capacity Testing

Before installing power equipment, do a capacity test, with a record maintained by staff with rank of SSE/JE (Signal).

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Easy Equipment Replacement

Power supply equipment should be installed for easy maintenance and replacements without disrupting other circuits.

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Ring Main Power Supply

Installing a ring main type power supply is desired for large stations.

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Transformer & Charger Capacity

Provide transformers and battery chargers with enough capacity and air cooling.

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Well-Ventilated Locations

Locate power equipment in well-ventilated rooms or locations.

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Wire Size for Voltage Loss

Use wires of adequate size to keep voltage loss below 0.5%.

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Battery Lead Color Coding

Battery leads should be color-coded (Red=Positive, Black=Negative, Green=Earth) and cut to the correct length.

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Power Supply Standards

Signalling power supplies must meet policies set by the railway's highest signal and telecommunications engineer. Standard schemes are preferred, but suitable alternatives can be used with approval.

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Secondary Batteries

Signalling circuits require batteries with appropriate capacity for backup power.

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Standard AC Voltages

Standard power is typically 230V single-phase or 415V three-phase AC.

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Fixed Signal Power Backup

The power supply for fixed signals needs to continue working if the main power source fails.

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Auxiliary Transformers (AT)

In electrified railway areas, transformers connected to overhead lines are used to supply signalling.

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Double/Multi-Line Power

Power should be supplied from transformers on both the up and down tracks.

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Single-Line Backup

For single-line railway sections, a diesel generator acts as a backup power source.

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Local Power Backup

Local power supplies at stations can serve as backup power sources.

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Power Supply Control Panel

A control panel manages power sources and allows automatic switching between them.

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Diesel Generators (DG Sets)

They are backup power sources for signaling and telecommunications, typically powered by diesel.

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Manual Changeover Facility

A system that lets you manually switch power sources between main and backup.

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Power Supply Control Panel

A panel that manages electrical power for signalling installations.

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Separate MCBs

Individual circuit breakers to distribute power to specific locations.

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Automatic Changeover Switch (ACS)

Automatically switches to backup power if the main source fails.

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Diesel Generators (DG Sets)

Backup power sources for signalling, typically using diesel.

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Local Power Supply

The main power source for some signalling systems, not including diesel or solar.

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Standby Diesel Generators (CLS)

Backup generators for Colour Light Signalling (CLS) systems.

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Solar Photovoltaic System

A system that converts sunlight into electricity using solar panels.

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Solar Panels

Modules in a solar system that convert light into electricity.

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Power Supply Distribution

Moving power from the source through cables to various locations.

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Solar Photovoltaic System Components

The key parts of a solar power system, including the solar array, battery bank, charge controller, junction box, mounting structure, earthing kit, and cables.

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Solar Panel Installation Requirements

The number of solar panels needed depends on the electricity demands (current and voltage) and requires regular cleaning to maintain performance.

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Power Supply Distribution

Distributing power from a central point (change-over panel) to various locations (installations/cabins) using underground cables and protective devices (fuses/circuit breakers).

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Power Supply Equipment Protection

Using fuses, circuit breakers, and surge protection devices to safeguard power equipment (e.g., inverters, transformers, battery chargers) from overload and electrical surges.

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Power Supply Monitoring

Using a datalogger to keep track of the power system's performance and identify any potential problems.

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Power Supply Equipment Procurement

Purchasing power equipment (e.g., battery chargers, transformers,) based on approved specifications to ensure quality and correct type.

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Battery Charger Filters

Adding filters to battery chargers for axle counters to reduce voltage fluctuations (ripple content).

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Standby Power Equipment

Backup power sources like battery chargers, transformers, and rectifiers to ensure operation during main power failure.

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Secondary Cells

Using batteries of specific capacities in DC circuits.

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DC-DC converters

Devices that convert a common battery bank voltage into different voltages, using approved types and isolated outputs.

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Integrated power supply (CLS)

An approved power system required for Colour Light Signaling (CLS) installations.

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Maintenance-free cells

Cells needing no maintenance, but requiring a compatible charger for charging, with an approved charger type.

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Signal transformer AC supply

The AC power for signal transformers is provided by an approved voltage regulator.

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Separate transformers for signals

Separate transformers, distinct from circuits for track feed chargers, are used to power signal circuits.

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Charger current rating

Calculated as the load current plus the battery capacity (AH) divided by 10.

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Direct charger feeding of Block Instruments

Battery chargers should not directly power the line circuits of block instruments.

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Approved secondary cells

Only secondary cells of an approved type should be used.

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Battery installation location

Batteries should be installed in a separate room/apparatus case with acid-resistant materials, ventilation, and protection from direct sunlight and heat.

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Battery alignment/numbering

Cells should be numbered and kept properly aligned, with sufficient spacing.

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Battery installation surface

Batteries should be mounted on wooden racks or insulated surfaces with acid-resistant paint, at a suitable height for access.

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Battery sun/heat protection

Batteries must be placed away from direct sunlight and heat radiating equipment to ensure optimal performance and prevent damage.

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Battery Charging Instructions

Follow the manufacturer's instructions to charge batteries, and record the charging date.

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Electrolyte Composition

Use specific-grade sulfuric acid (IS 266) mixed with distilled water (IS 1069) for battery electrolyte.

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Acid-Proof Mixing Containers

Use glass, porcelain, rubber, or other acid-resistant materials for mixing acid and water.

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Acid Addition Order

Always add acid to water, never the other way around, when preparing electrolyte.

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Mixing Procedure

Stir the acid and water mixture continuously to maintain temperature below 50°C.

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Electrolyte Safety Precautions

Wear safety goggles, gloves, and an apron when handling battery electrolyte to prevent chemical exposure.

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Electrolyte Level Checks

Measure the electrolyte level of newly received charged batteries.

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Electrolyte Restoration

Add battery-grade acid of the appropriate specific gravity to refill electrolyte levels when required.

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Hydrometer Availability

Maintain an approved hydrometer in the battery room for accurate electrolyte measurement.

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Installation Capacity Testing

Conduct a capacity test on power equipment before installation and record the test, completed by an official at least a Senior Staff Engineer/Junior Engineer (Signal).

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Easy Equipment Replacement

Design the power supply installation to allow for easy equipment replacement without impacting other circuits whenever possible.

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Ring Main Power Supply

Prefer ring main arrangements for power supplies at large stations.

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Transformer & Charger Capacity

Provide suitable capacity transformers and air-cooled battery chargers.

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Well-Ventilated Locations

House power equipment in well-ventilated areas or rooms for safety and performance.

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Wire Size for Voltage Loss

Select wire sizes to keep voltage loss below 0.5%.

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Battery Lead Color Coding

Color-code battery leads (red for positive, black for negative, green for earth) and accurately cut them to appropriate length.

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Study Notes

Power Supply Systems for Signalling Installations

  • Power supply for signalling installations is based on Railway policy, if standard Railway Board/RDSO schemes are unsuitable.
  • Secondary batteries are required at all locations for signalling circuits.
  • Standard power supply is typically 230V AC single-phase or 415V AC three-phase. Other voltage may be used with approval from the Chief Signal and Telecommunication Engineer.
  • Power supply should be designed so that stop signals for approaching trains don't fail if main power goes out.
  • Secondary batteries of appropriate type and capacity must be used in signalling applications.

Sources of Power Supply

  • In electrified railway areas, electric supply is typically provided through auxiliary transformers (ATs) connected to the 25KV overhead line equipment (OHE).
  • On double or multi-line sections, power is drawn from separate ATs on up and down OHE lines. A minimum of one AT must be available for power.
  • On single-line sections, a diesel generator (DG) set of appropriate capacity is required.
  • At stations with local power, this acts as backup. Larger yards use both ATs and DGs for backup.
  • Power supply from auxiliary transformers (ATs), local sources (if available), and DGs is fed to a power supply control panel located at ASM's office or gate, for automatic or manual switching (changing) between supply sources.
  • Railway signaling and telecommunication, if located two kilometers or less from power supply control panel, utilize separate MCBs (miniature circuit breakers) to each control location,
  • Locations farther than two km utilize a separate set of ATs and power supply control panel for proper delivery of power.

Non-Electrified Railway Areas

  • Main power is local power sources. Standby diesel generators are also deployed.

Solar Photovoltaic (Solar Panel) System

  • Solar panels may be used for power in non-electrified areas where there is sufficient sunlight.
  • They are arrayed in modules of typically 12V each, in series and parallel configurations to deliver suitable voltage to battery banks used for the power supply to railway signaling and telecommunication applications.
  • Components of solar PV system is Solar array, battery bank, solar charge controller, field junction box, solar mounting structure, earthing kits, and cables.

Distribution of Power Supply

  • Power distribution from the change-over panel is made through underground power cables to various locations on the railway system.
  • Proper capacity circuit breakers are used to prevent overloads and short circuits.
  • Visual indications of power supply availability, are provided to staff.
  • Power supply is distributed, through a distribution panel, to various devices like IPS, transformers, rectifiers, battery chargers, and transformers, etc.

Power Supply Equipment

  • Battery chargers (for axle counters) have built-in filters to maintain a low ripple content.
  • Standby power supplies such as transformers, battery chargers, voltage regulators may also be installed.
  • DC-DC converters are used and should be of approved type.
  • Integrated power supplies for CLS installations.
  • Maintenance-free batteries only use chargers designed for maintenance-free cells based on specifications.

Installation of Secondary Cells

  • Secondary cells (batteries) are to be used based on approved drawings for installation purposes and are ideally located in separate, ventilated rooms (apparatus case)
  • Acid-proof flooring and walls are required. Sufficient ventilation is crucial for safety
  • Batteries must be installed away from direct sunlight and heat.
  • Approved acid-resistant paint on battery racks is needed and the compartments must have suitable openings for ventilation. Batteries should be placed in their proper order with adequate spacing in battery racks.

Maintenance of Power Supply Equipment

  • Maintained change-over equipment in ASM offices.
  • Inspecting DC-DC converters, voltage regulators, transformers, battery chargers, etc as a periodic schedule.
  • Cleaning equipment with blowers if necessary
  • Maintenance logs, which include voltages, load currents, detailed during maintenance and checks of all components)
  • Checking and recording of battery voltages and load current for each power equipment, and taking necessary remedial action if problems are noticed.

Maintenance of DG Sets

  • Fuel tanks, and fuel lines are kept clean.
  • Checking and maintenance of lubricating oils in DG.
  • DG maintenance done by qualified staff following safety precautions.
  • Repair and overhauling of DG Set after a period as per instructions.
  • Check radiator fan shafts for appropriate lubrication and replacing worn parts.
  • Checking DG for possible leakages of fuel and oil and their immediate fixes
  • Checking for effective automatic starting function when power fails.

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Chapter 16: Power Supply Systems for Signalling Installations PDF

Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of power supply systems for signalling installations in the railway sector. It includes information on standard power supplies, battery requirements, and the sources of electric supply in electrified railway areas. Test your knowledge and ensure you are familiar with the vital components that keep railway signalling operational.

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