Power & Authority 1919-1946

The Treaty of Versailles was seen as an unfair and humiliating peace treaty by many Germans, leading to resentment and a desire for revenge. This widespread anger contributed to the rise of nationalist sentiment in the post-war era.

The Nazi Party's program outlined its goals for a new Germany, including: unification of all German-speaking people, expansion of territory, and the creation of a racial hierarchy.

The concept of 'lebensraum' was central to Nazi ideology. It referred to the need for Germany to acquire more living space by conquering neighboring territories, justifying territorial expansion and aggression.

The rise of Hitler was fueled by a combination of factors, including the economic hardship of the Great Depression, his charismatic leadership, and the widespread support for his nationalist and anti-Semitic ideas.

Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution allowed the President to take emergency measures, which Hitler used to undermine democracy and establish an authoritarian regime. This gave him executive power to suppress opposition and consolidate his control.

The Nazi Party's attempted coup in Munich, Germany, in 1923. It involved Hitler and his followers in a failed attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government.

The systematic use of propaganda to spread specific messages and control public opinion. The Nazis employed propaganda extensively to promote their ideology and gain popular support.

The Nazi Party's strategy to consolidate power through a combination of terror, repression, and appeasement. They used violence, fear, and promises of economic improvement to maintain control.

The Nazi ideology emphasizing racial purity, aggressive nationalism, and a belief in the superiority of the German 'Aryan' race. This ideology served to justify their expansionist policies and the persecution of minorities.

A secret police force used by the Nazis to enforce their authority through violence and intimidation. The Gestapo instilled fear and silenced dissent.

The creation of a shared sense of German community, emphasizing loyalty and unity, used by the Nazis to build support.

The use of targeted propaganda and education to instill anti-Semitic sentiment in young Germans. This helped create a climate of prejudice and acceptance of violence against Jews.

The strategy of providing benefits and social programs to different groups in society, while simultaneously using terror and repression. This helped the Nazis gain support from various segments of the population.

A form of leadership where a single, powerful figure holds absolute authority, dominating all aspects of government and society.

A political ideology focused on the supremacy of the German nation, promoting its expansion and power.

The Nazi policy aimed at achieving complete economic self-sufficiency, rejecting reliance on other countries.

The belief that the Aryan race is superior to other races, underpinning Nazi racial policies.

The Nazi ideology that encouraged hatred and persecution of Jews.

The Nazi goal of creating a united German people, fostering a sense of shared identity and belonging.

A policy of isolating and segregating Jews, ultimately culminating in their genocide.

The Nazi regime sought to restrict women's roles to domesticity, motherhood, and traditional gender roles.

The Nazis aimed to discourage women from working in fields that weren't traditionally associated with their gender.

The Nazis used rewards and incentives to encourage women to have more children.

The Nazis encouraged women to conform to traditional gender roles and discouraged any displays of individuality or independence.

The Nazi regime's impact on women included limited employment opportunities, restrictions on their personal freedoms, and encouragement of domestication and motherhood.

Japan's aggressive expansion policy in Asia-Pacific during the 20th century, aimed at dominating the region and building a powerful empire.

The elimination of groups deemed 'undesirable' by the Nazis. This involved systematic killings and genocide, particularly against Jewish people.

The idea that Germany should aim to unify all German-speaking people under one state, based on nationalistic ideas.

The belief that certain races are inherently superior to others. This served as justification for Nazi racism and discrimination, targeting Jews and other minorities.

The SA, or Sturmabteilung, was a Nazi paramilitary organization known for its violent street tactics and unwavering loyalty to Hitler. They were instrumental in intimidating opponents and establishing Nazi control in Germany.

The SS, or Schutzstaffel, was a highly disciplined and ruthless paramilitary organization that evolved from the SA. They were responsible for carrying out Nazi terror, running concentration camps, and committing atrocities during the Holocaust.

The Night of the Long Knives was a brutal purge orchestrated by Hitler in 1934, targeting his political rivals within the SA. This event consolidated Hitler's power and established him as the ultimate authority in Nazi Germany.

The Gestapo, or Secret State Police, was a crucial agency within Nazi Germany, known for its surveillance and repression of opposition. They used intimidation, torture, and imprisonment to quell dissent and terrorize the population.

The Nazi regime used censorship and propaganda to control information and shape public opinion. They suppressed opposing viewpoints, controlled media outlets, and disseminated pro-Nazi messages to create a climate of fear and conformity.

The Nazis viewed terror as a potent political tool. Through violence, intimidation, and the threat of punishment, they instilled fear in the population and suppressed opposition. They believed that ruthlessness was necessary to maintain power.

The Nazis implemented a system of repression and terror to consolidate their power and eliminate opposition. They used violence, surveillance, censorship, and propaganda to silence dissenting voices, instill fear, and control public opinion.

The impact of Nazi methods of repression and terror was widespread and devastating. They created a climate of fear and paranoia, silenced dissent, and resulted in the imprisonment, torture, and extermination of millions of people.