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Questions and Answers
Nazi concentration camp guards who absolved themselves of responsibility for their actions by saying they were merely following orders were using displacement of responsibility.
Nazi concentration camp guards who absolved themselves of responsibility for their actions by saying they were merely following orders were using displacement of responsibility.
True
What does the fortitude to face risk and overcome fears associated with taking ethical action refer to?
What does the fortitude to face risk and overcome fears associated with taking ethical action refer to?
moral courage
Authentic leaders are inconsistent in their values, their beliefs, and their actions.
Authentic leaders are inconsistent in their values, their beliefs, and their actions.
False
A researcher who asks subordinates to speculate whether they think their manager would be likely to act unethically is using a ____________ reputation approach to measuring leader integrity.
A researcher who asks subordinates to speculate whether they think their manager would be likely to act unethically is using a ____________ reputation approach to measuring leader integrity.
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Which of the following is not a description of the moral person as defined by Avolio?
Which of the following is not a description of the moral person as defined by Avolio?
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What term describes an individual who uses cosmetic words to defuse or disguise the offensiveness of their behavior?
What term describes an individual who uses cosmetic words to defuse or disguise the offensiveness of their behavior?
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Who has the greater capacity to influence followers?
Who has the greater capacity to influence followers?
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As a result of his decisions in his personal life, Tiger Woods lost which type of power?
As a result of his decisions in his personal life, Tiger Woods lost which type of power?
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Stanley Milgram found that many people will obey an authority figure even when doing so is in conflict with their conscience.
Stanley Milgram found that many people will obey an authority figure even when doing so is in conflict with their conscience.
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One person's actual behaviors designed to change another person's attitudes, beliefs, values, or behaviors refers to _______ tactics.
One person's actual behaviors designed to change another person's attitudes, beliefs, values, or behaviors refers to _______ tactics.
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Which of the following are nonverbal gestures of power?
Which of the following are nonverbal gestures of power?
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As demonstrated by Michelle Obama's gaffe at a dinner at Buckingham Palace, cultural differences can impact power.
As demonstrated by Michelle Obama's gaffe at a dinner at Buckingham Palace, cultural differences can impact power.
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The capacity to produce effects on others or the potential to influence others refers to
The capacity to produce effects on others or the potential to influence others refers to
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Many people admire Michael Dell and see him as a role model. Which type of power does Dell have?
Many people admire Michael Dell and see him as a role model. Which type of power does Dell have?
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It is necessary to exercise power in order for it to have effect.
It is necessary to exercise power in order for it to have effect.
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The status differential between members of a group is called the _____.
The status differential between members of a group is called the _____.
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Which of the following is not true?
Which of the following is not true?
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Individuals in a clique who sit next to each other at a circular table
Individuals in a clique who sit next to each other at a circular table
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Power is a function of the leader, the follower, and the
Power is a function of the leader, the follower, and the
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The change in a target agent's attitudes, values, beliefs, or behaviors as the result of influence tactics refers to _______.
The change in a target agent's attitudes, values, beliefs, or behaviors as the result of influence tactics refers to _______.
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An individual trying to assert power might
An individual trying to assert power might
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Which of the following is likely to have the least amount of power?
Which of the following is likely to have the least amount of power?
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If you want to minimize status differentials with subordinates, what should you do at a meeting with them?
If you want to minimize status differentials with subordinates, what should you do at a meeting with them?
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_____ power is primarily a function of the situation.
_____ power is primarily a function of the situation.
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In his classic study, Stanley Milgram found that some ____% of individuals followed the requests of their 'boss' even though doing so may have gone against their own personal beliefs.
In his classic study, Stanley Milgram found that some ____% of individuals followed the requests of their 'boss' even though doing so may have gone against their own personal beliefs.
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In order to be successful in the operating room, a brain surgeon must have ______ power.
In order to be successful in the operating room, a brain surgeon must have ______ power.
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Which type of power does an individual who is admired and seen as a role model have?
Which type of power does an individual who is admired and seen as a role model have?
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An individual is likely to be perceived as taller when he is introduced as a professor rather than as a student.
An individual is likely to be perceived as taller when he is introduced as a professor rather than as a student.
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An individual's formal or official authority is called ______ power.
An individual's formal or official authority is called ______ power.
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Employee of the month and special parking spots are examples of using ____ power to influence behavior.
Employee of the month and special parking spots are examples of using ____ power to influence behavior.
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All of the following are bases of power except ____ power.
All of the following are bases of power except ____ power.
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Followers can have more expert power than leaders.
Followers can have more expert power than leaders.
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Coercive power can be thought of as being the opposite of ______ power.
Coercive power can be thought of as being the opposite of ______ power.
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Which of the following statements regarding referent power is NOT true?
Which of the following statements regarding referent power is NOT true?
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A coach deciding who will play in a game is an example of ________________ power being exercised.
A coach deciding who will play in a game is an example of ________________ power being exercised.
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The potential to influence others due to one's control over desired resources is __________________ power.
The potential to influence others due to one's control over desired resources is __________________ power.
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The Stanford prison experiment highlighted the role of the ______________ in the leader power equation.
The Stanford prison experiment highlighted the role of the ______________ in the leader power equation.
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A policeman giving a ticket is an example of _______________ power.
A policeman giving a ticket is an example of _______________ power.
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The potential influence one has due to the strength of the relationship between the leader and the follower is referred to as _________________________ power.
The potential influence one has due to the strength of the relationship between the leader and the follower is referred to as _________________________ power.
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Cult leader Jim Jones is an example of a leader using _____________ power.
Cult leader Jim Jones is an example of a leader using _____________ power.
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Good leaders are open to being influenced by subordinates.
Good leaders are open to being influenced by subordinates.
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Individuals who are relatively selfish, impulsive, uninhibited, and lacking in self-control have a high need for which type of power?
Individuals who are relatively selfish, impulsive, uninhibited, and lacking in self-control have a high need for which type of power?
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Which of the following is an effective team leader's ideal job?
Which of the following is an effective team leader's ideal job?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the six composites that comprise Miner's motivation to manage?
Which of the following is NOT one of the six composites that comprise Miner's motivation to manage?
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The actions of the Taliban against women in Afghanistan is an example of using which type of power?
The actions of the Taliban against women in Afghanistan is an example of using which type of power?
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Which types of power are best for a leader to use?
Which types of power are best for a leader to use?
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McClelland found that individuals with a high need for power are guaranteed leadership success.
McClelland found that individuals with a high need for power are guaranteed leadership success.
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How people vary in their motivation to influence and control others refers to __________.
How people vary in their motivation to influence and control others refers to __________.
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A politician's adviser explains how demographic changes in the politician's district make it important for the politician to spend relatively more time in the district seeing constituents than he or she has in the recent past. In the context of influence tactics, this scenario is most likely an example of __________.
A politician's adviser explains how demographic changes in the politician's district make it important for the politician to spend relatively more time in the district seeing constituents than he or she has in the recent past. In the context of influence tactics, this scenario is most likely an example of __________.
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Studies by McClelland and also by Miner use which method of assessing the need for power?
Studies by McClelland and also by Miner use which method of assessing the need for power?
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A minister's impassioned plea to members of a congregation about the good works that could be accomplished if a proposed addition to the church were built is an example of an influence tactic called _____.
A minister's impassioned plea to members of a congregation about the good works that could be accomplished if a proposed addition to the church were built is an example of an influence tactic called _____.
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An agent asks a target to participate in planning an activity. In this scenario, the agent uses an influence tactic called _____.
An agent asks a target to participate in planning an activity. In this scenario, the agent uses an influence tactic called _____.
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Long-term success as a leader requires
Long-term success as a leader requires
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A salesperson's good-natured or flattering banter with a customer before the customer makes a decision about purchasing a product is an example of an influence tactic called _____________.
A salesperson's good-natured or flattering banter with a customer before the customer makes a decision about purchasing a product is an example of an influence tactic called _____________.
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An agent uses logical arguments or factual evidence to influence others. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called _____.
An agent uses logical arguments or factual evidence to influence others. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called _____.
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A sentence that opens with, 'John, we have known each other a long time and I have never asked anything of you before' represents the beginning of an influence tactic called ____________.
A sentence that opens with, 'John, we have known each other a long time and I have never asked anything of you before' represents the beginning of an influence tactic called ____________.
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An agent makes a request or proposal designed to arouse enthusiasm or emotions in a target person. In this scenario, the agent uses an influence tactic called ______________.
An agent makes a request or proposal designed to arouse enthusiasm or emotions in a target person. In this scenario, the agent uses an influence tactic called ______________.
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A minister establishes a committee of church members to help plan the layout and use of a new church addition. In this scenario, the minister uses an influence tactic called ___________.
A minister establishes a committee of church members to help plan the layout and use of a new church addition. In this scenario, the minister uses an influence tactic called ___________.
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Two politicians agree to vote for each other's pet legislation despite minor misgivings about each other's bills. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called _____.
Two politicians agree to vote for each other's pet legislation despite minor misgivings about each other's bills. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called _____.
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In the context of influence tactics, when an agent attempts to get a target person in a good mood before making a request, ___________ occurs.
In the context of influence tactics, when an agent attempts to get a target person in a good mood before making a request, ___________ occurs.
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In the context of influence tactics, identify a feature of coalition tactics that is different from that of consultation.
In the context of influence tactics, identify a feature of coalition tactics that is different from that of consultation.
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A judge who gives Samuel, a convicted prisoner, a suspended sentence but tells him to consider the suspension a 'sword hanging over his head' if he breaks the law again is using an influence tactic called _____.
A judge who gives Samuel, a convicted prisoner, a suspended sentence but tells him to consider the suspension a 'sword hanging over his head' if he breaks the law again is using an influence tactic called _____.
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A principal asks a teacher to be on the school's curriculum committee, and the teacher accedes to the request despite reservations because it is the principal's prerogative to appoint any teacher to that role. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called
A principal asks a teacher to be on the school's curriculum committee, and the teacher accedes to the request despite reservations because it is the principal's prerogative to appoint any teacher to that role. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called
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An agent influences a target by giving and taking favors. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called
An agent influences a target by giving and taking favors. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called
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Several significant people in an alcoholic's life, such as spouse, children, employer, or neighbor, agree to confront the alcoholic in unison about the many dimensions of his or her problem. This is an example of an influence tactic called
Several significant people in an alcoholic's life, such as spouse, children, employer, or neighbor, agree to confront the alcoholic in unison about the many dimensions of his or her problem. This is an example of an influence tactic called
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When an influencer has the upper hand, when the agents anticipate resistance, or when the other person's behavior violates important norms. Tactic?
When an influencer has the upper hand, when the agents anticipate resistance, or when the other person's behavior violates important norms. Tactic?
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When the agents are at a disadvantage, when the agents expect resistance, or when the agents will personally benefit if the attempt is successful. Tactic?
When the agents are at a disadvantage, when the agents expect resistance, or when the agents will personally benefit if the attempt is successful. Tactic?
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When parties are relatively equal in power, when resistance is not anticipated, and when the benefits are organizational as well as personal. Tactic?
When parties are relatively equal in power, when resistance is not anticipated, and when the benefits are organizational as well as personal. Tactic?
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Which of the following is NOT true of female managers?
Which of the following is NOT true of female managers?
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An agent makes requests to targets based on his or her position or authority. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called _____.
An agent makes requests to targets based on his or her position or authority. This scenario exemplifies an influence tactic called _____.
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Even in purely economic terms, in 2010 the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners estimated that businesses around the world lose ______ every year to fraudulent activity.
Even in purely economic terms, in 2010 the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners estimated that businesses around the world lose ______ every year to fraudulent activity.
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Principles of right conduct or a system of moral values are referred to as
Principles of right conduct or a system of moral values are referred to as
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All of the following are true of Theory Y except
All of the following are true of Theory Y except
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Constructs representing generalized behaviors or states of affairs that are considered by the individual to be important are known as
Constructs representing generalized behaviors or states of affairs that are considered by the individual to be important are known as
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The four generations of values identified by Zemke include each of the following except _____.
The four generations of values identified by Zemke include each of the following except _____.
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In contrast to previous generations, which group believes that leaders have to earn their positions, not be given them based on seniority?
In contrast to previous generations, which group believes that leaders have to earn their positions, not be given them based on seniority?
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Leaders who demonstrate their commitment to higher principles through their actions demonstrate strong
Leaders who demonstrate their commitment to higher principles through their actions demonstrate strong
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Which of the following is an assumption of Theory Y?
Which of the following is an assumption of Theory Y?
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Which of the following is true about the dual-process theory of moral judgment proposed by Joshua Greene?
Which of the following is true about the dual-process theory of moral judgment proposed by Joshua Greene?
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Values that refer to modes of behavior are called ___ values.
Values that refer to modes of behavior are called ___ values.
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The group of workers identified by Zemke as entrepreneurial individuals who embrace change and take a free agency approach to their jobs are the ______.
The group of workers identified by Zemke as entrepreneurial individuals who embrace change and take a free agency approach to their jobs are the ______.
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Deciding how to balance spending time with your children versus making a bigger commitment to your career is an example of which type of dilemma?
Deciding how to balance spending time with your children versus making a bigger commitment to your career is an example of which type of dilemma?
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_______________ doubt the wisdom of traditional racial and sexual categorizing and seek seeking teamwork, security, and work-life balance as they move into the workplace.
_______________ doubt the wisdom of traditional racial and sexual categorizing and seek seeking teamwork, security, and work-life balance as they move into the workplace.
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Which type of thinking can be characterized as 'following the highest principle or duty'?
Which type of thinking can be characterized as 'following the highest principle or duty'?
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Prejudice that occurs without the individual's awareness refers to ___________ prejudice.
Prejudice that occurs without the individual's awareness refers to ___________ prejudice.
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Plato and Kant believed mature moral judgment was a ________ process.
Plato and Kant believed mature moral judgment was a ________ process.
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The question of whether you should tell authorities that your spouse has a highly contagious and dangerous disease or protect her privacy is an example of which ethical dilemma?
The question of whether you should tell authorities that your spouse has a highly contagious and dangerous disease or protect her privacy is an example of which ethical dilemma?
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When an individual shows a systematic pattern of acts of kindness towards people who are like them, they are demonstrating
When an individual shows a systematic pattern of acts of kindness towards people who are like them, they are demonstrating
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Thinking that is characterized as 'do what's best for the greatest number of people' is referred to as ______ thinking.
Thinking that is characterized as 'do what's best for the greatest number of people' is referred to as ______ thinking.
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When we overestimate the quality of our own work and contributions to our team, we are showing which type of bias?
When we overestimate the quality of our own work and contributions to our team, we are showing which type of bias?
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A manager who chooses a job applicant who is more like herself rather than another applicant who is not like her is demonstrating _______ _______.
A manager who chooses a job applicant who is more like herself rather than another applicant who is not like her is demonstrating _______ _______.
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The notion of 'do what you want others to do to you' refers to which type of thinking?
The notion of 'do what you want others to do to you' refers to which type of thinking?
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Which type of bias is present when an individual encourages his client to purchase a product that may not be right for the client, but that would earn the individual a hefty sales commission?
Which type of bias is present when an individual encourages his client to purchase a product that may not be right for the client, but that would earn the individual a hefty sales commission?
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Research shows that the relationship between how we think we should act and our actual behavior is
Research shows that the relationship between how we think we should act and our actual behavior is
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Individuals like Sergeant York who rationalize their behavior as they fight and kill in war situations use ______ justification.
Individuals like Sergeant York who rationalize their behavior as they fight and kill in war situations use ______ justification.
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Moral _____ refers to an individual's belief in his capacity to mobilize various personal, interpersonal, and other external resources.
Moral _____ refers to an individual's belief in his capacity to mobilize various personal, interpersonal, and other external resources.
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One's ethical judgments are negatively affected by conflicts of interest.
One's ethical judgments are negatively affected by conflicts of interest.
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Studies show that predictions of ethical behavior are generally consistent with actual behavior.
Studies show that predictions of ethical behavior are generally consistent with actual behavior.
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Which type of approach should subordinates use when assessing managerial integrity?
Which type of approach should subordinates use when assessing managerial integrity?
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Study Notes
Power and Influence
- Leaders influence followers through the use of power, primarily by employing rewards and punishments.
- Tiger Woods lost referent power due to personal life decisions.
- Stanley Milgram's study revealed many obey authority figures despite personal conscience conflicts.
Types of Power
- Influence tactics are behaviors aimed at changing others' attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors.
- Nonverbal gestures of power include touching, pointing, and staring.
- Legitimate power is situation-dependent, while expert power is vital for a brain surgeon's success.
Social Dynamics
- The “pecking order” defines status differentials within a group.
- Many people admire individuals like Michael Dell, indicating his referent power.
- Cultural differences can impact power dynamics, as shown by Michelle Obama's experience at Buckingham Palace.
Influence Tactics
- Key types of influence tactics include rational persuasion, consultation, inspirational appeal, ingratiation, and pressure tactics.
- Personal appeal and legitimizing tactics rely on interpersonal relationships and authority, respectively.
- Coalition tactics involve gaining support from others to influence a target.
Ethical Considerations and Values
- Ethics form a system of moral values guiding conduct.
- Theory Y suggests individuals are intrinsically motivated; however, it does not assume people lack industriousness.
- The dual-process theory posits that moral judgments are often influenced by automatic emotional responses.
Generational Perspectives
- Gen Xers believe leadership requires earning respect rather than seniority.
- Millennials prioritize teamwork, security, and work-life balance over traditional categorizations.
- Four generations of values outlined by Zemke exclude the category "Techies."
Dilemmas and Decision-Making
- Ethical dilemmas often pit individual interests against community welfare and involve balancing short-term versus long-term considerations.
- Implicit prejudice occurs without awareness and can influence decision-making.
- Moral efficacy reflects an individual's confidence in mobilizing personal and external resources for ethical action.
Leadership and Integrity
- Authentic leaders align their values, beliefs, and actions consistently.
- Managerial integrity should be assessed using a dubious reputation approach.
- Avolio defines ethical leadership lacking in some core components, highlighting integrity's complexities.
Behavior and Bias
- Conflicts of interest often distort ethical judgment.
- Overclaiming credit biases individual self-assessment of contributions to team efforts.
- Individuals rationalizing wartime actions exemplify moral justification in ethically turbulent contexts.
Summary of Leadership Success
- Long-term leadership success hinges on socialized power, activity inhibition, and the ability to foster team conditions for achievement.
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Description
Explore the dynamics of power and influence in leadership roles. This quiz covers key concepts such as types of power, influence tactics, and the social dynamics that impact authority relationships. Engage with examples from renowned figures and studies to deepen your understanding of these concepts.
