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Questions and Answers
Which of the following can cause hyperkalemia?
Which of the following can cause hyperkalemia?
- High intake of sodium-rich foods
- Low intake of sodium-rich foods
- Low intake of potassium-rich foods
- High intake of potassium-rich foods (correct)
What is a potential treatment for hyperkalemia?
What is a potential treatment for hyperkalemia?
- Potassium supplements
- Sodium bicarbonate (correct)
- Dextrose with insulin IV
- Calcium supplements
Which of the following can cause hypokalemia?
Which of the following can cause hypokalemia?
- High intake of potassium-rich foods
- Low intake of sodium-rich foods (correct)
- Low intake of potassium-rich foods
- High intake of sodium-rich foods
What is a potential consequence of hypokalemia in the presence of digoxin therapy?
What is a potential consequence of hypokalemia in the presence of digoxin therapy?
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What is the role of potassium in the body?
What is the role of potassium in the body?
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Study Notes
Causes of Hyperkalemia
- ACE inhibitors, potassium-sparing diuretics, and NSAIDs can cause hyperkalemia
- Adrenal insufficiency, rhabdomyolysis, and tumor lysis syndrome can also lead to hyperkalemia
- Electrolyte imbalance, acid-base disorders, and red blood cell transfusions can cause hyperkalemia
Treatment of Hyperkalemia
- Calcium gluconate, insulin, and beta-adrenergic agonists are potential treatments for hyperkalemia
- Hemodialysis or hemofiltration may be necessary in severe cases
Causes of Hypokalemia
- Diuretics, such as loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics, can cause hypokalemia
- Vomiting, diarrhea, and malabsorption can lead to hypokalemia
- Hormonal disorders, such as hyperaldosteronism, and certain medications can cause hypokalemia
Consequences of Hypokalemia
- Hypokalemia can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity in patients receiving digoxin therapy
- Arrhythmias and cardiac arrest can occur due to hypokalemia
Role of Potassium in the Body
- Potassium is essential for maintaining normal muscle and nerve function
- It helps regulate heart rhythm and blood pressure
- Potassium plays a crucial role in maintaining electrolyte balance and acid-base balance
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