School of thought in Criminology Part 3

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Questions and Answers

According to critical criminologists, what is the key to a legitimate response to crime?

Harsher punishments

Increased police presence

Private ownership of resources

Social empowerment (correct)

What is a crucial aspect of the redistribution of economic resources according to critical criminologists?

Based on political affiliation

Based on geographic location

Based on merit

Based on social need and equity (correct)

What is a general crime prevention measure proposed by critical criminologists?

Privatization of resources

Increased police presence

Anti-racist and anti-sexist campaigns (correct)

Harsher punishments

According to postmodern criminology, which of the following is emphasized in explaining crime?

Integrated perspectives Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contribute to crime, according to Van Dijk's universal factors?

A small population of young people Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of postmodern criminology?

To understand new ways of knowing Signup and view all the answers

What does postmodern criminology focus on in terms of crime prevention strategies?

Transnational policing Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of social process theories?

Social interactions and processes Signup and view all the answers

Who presented the theory of differential association to explain criminal behavior?

Edwin H. Sutherland Signup and view all the answers

How are criminals seen in social-environment school of thought?

As victims of social conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is postmodern criminology a challenge to, according to Burke (2014)?

Rationality, reason, and science Signup and view all the answers

Which type of feminism argues that the subordination of women is located in the capitalist exploitation of their domestic role?

Marxist feminism Signup and view all the answers

Which type of feminism focuses on the importance of patriarchy and its role in the institutionalization of male power and dominance over women?

Radical feminism Signup and view all the answers

Which type of feminism argues that the subordination of women is examined as part of an analysis of the wider social structures and inequalities and aims to extend legal rights to women to equal those enjoyed by men?

Liberal feminism Signup and view all the answers

Which type of feminism provides a synthesis of the radical and Marxist feminist perspectives with recognition that both capitalist and patriarchal systems play a part in the subordination of women?

Socialist feminism Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of oppression identified by feminists?

Gender, race, and class Signup and view all the answers

What is postmodern feminism?

A branch of feminism that strives for equality for all genders and is intersectional Signup and view all the answers

What are the major contributions made by the feminist approach according to Eamonn et al. (2014)?

Bringing forward a critique of existing malestream criminology Signup and view all the answers

What is the criticism against radical feminism in criminology?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

According to feminist criminology, why does mainstream criminology often ignore or generalize criminological enquiry relevant to women?

Because criminology is a male-dominated field Signup and view all the answers

What is the feminist perspective on the role of men in society and the rules they make and enforce?

Men are not oppressed in society Signup and view all the answers

What is the outdated construct that attributes madness to women who go against their natural biological traits of 'passivity' and 'weakness of compliance'?

The construct of biological essentialism Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between feminist criminology and the critical/conflict faction of criminology?

Feminist criminology is a subfield of critical/conflict criminology Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Critical Criminology

A legitimate response to crime hinges on the redistribution of power and resources within society.
Redistribution of economic resources is crucial for addressing root causes of crime and social inequality.
Crime prevention measures proposed include addressing social injustices and enhancing community involvement.

Postmodern Criminology

Postmodern criminology emphasizes deconstruction of dominant narratives and highlights the fluidity of crime definitions and societal norms.
Factors contributing to crime according to Van Dijk's universal factors include economic inequality, social disintegration, and cultural dynamics.
The goal of postmodern criminology is to challenge traditional views and frameworks of understanding crime by focusing on subjective experiences of individuals.
Crime prevention strategies in postmodern criminology focus on local, context-specific solutions rather than one-size-fits-all approaches.

Social process theories focus on how individuals learn criminal behavior through interactions in their environments and relationships.
Edwin Sutherland presented the theory of differential association, suggesting that criminal behavior is learned through communication and interaction.

In the social-environment school of thought, criminals are often seen as products of their social contexts, influenced by environmental factors and social relationships.

Feminist Criminology

Postmodern criminology challenges traditional criminology frameworks and seeks to address issues of identity, narrative, and power dynamics in understanding crime.
Socialist feminism argues that the subordination of women arises from capitalist exploitation of their domestic roles.
Liberal feminism emphasizes the importance of patriarchy and male dominance in societal institutions.
Intersectional feminism examines women's subordination through the lens of broader social inequalities, striving for equal legal rights for women.
Dual-system feminism combines insights from radical and Marxist feminism, acknowledging both capitalist and patriarchal systems in women's oppression.
Feminists identify the basis of oppression as interconnected systems of power, including patriarchy and capitalism.
Postmodern feminism deconstructs fixed identities and challenges essentialist notions of gender.
Major contributions of the feminist approach include highlighting gender-based violence, questioning traditional assumptions in criminology, and advocating for women’s rights.
Radical feminism in criminology faces criticism for underestimating the complexities of women's experiences and reducing them to a singular narrative.
Feminist criminology argues that mainstream criminology often ignores or generalizes women’s issues, leading to incomplete understandings of crime.
From the feminist perspective, men play a crucial role in structuring societal norms and laws that perpetuate gender inequality.
An outdated construct attributes 'madness' to women who defy traditional traits associated with passivity and compliance, reinforcing gender stereotypes.
Feminist criminology aligns with critical/conflict criminology by addressing power dynamics and social injustices within criminal justice systems.

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"Test Your Knowledge on Postmodern Feminism and Intersectionality" - Explore the concepts of postmodern feminism and intersectionality, and how they strive for equality for all genders. Test your understanding of these ideas and their impact on modern-day feminism with this quiz.