Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the 'open door' policy of the USA before the 1920s?
Which of the following best describes the 'open door' policy of the USA before the 1920s?
- Encouragement of immigration for those seeking a better life. (correct)
- Strict limitations on immigration based on nationality.
- Exclusion of immigrants from certain European countries.
- Preference for immigrants with specific skills and trades.
The economic boom of the 1920s reduced hostility toward immigrants as they filled essential labor needs.
The economic boom of the 1920s reduced hostility toward immigrants as they filled essential labor needs.
False (B)
What was a primary economic concern that fueled hostility towards immigrants in the 1920s?
What was a primary economic concern that fueled hostility towards immigrants in the 1920s?
Immigrants were willing to work for lower wages.
Many immigrants were willing to work in ______ conditions, which WASP Americans often avoided.
Many immigrants were willing to work in ______ conditions, which WASP Americans often avoided.
What was the main concern of WASP Americans regarding the religious beliefs of new immigrants?
What was the main concern of WASP Americans regarding the religious beliefs of new immigrants?
WASP Americans welcomed the different cultures and ways of life that immigrants brought to the US during the 1920s.
WASP Americans welcomed the different cultures and ways of life that immigrants brought to the US during the 1920s.
What was the name of the organization founded in 1884 that put pressure on the government to control immigration?
What was the name of the organization founded in 1884 that put pressure on the government to control immigration?
The ______ Commission of 1907 was created to address immigration concerns.
The ______ Commission of 1907 was created to address immigration concerns.
Match the event with its impact on hostility towards immigrants:
Match the event with its impact on hostility towards immigrants:
Why were Americans hostile to Russian immigrants after the Russian Revolution?
Why were Americans hostile to Russian immigrants after the Russian Revolution?
The communist population in America was a significant threat to the American way of life.
The communist population in America was a significant threat to the American way of life.
What legislation limited the number of immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe?
What legislation limited the number of immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe?
The National Origins Act allowed only ______ percent of the immigrant population to originate from East and South Europe.
The National Origins Act allowed only ______ percent of the immigrant population to originate from East and South Europe.
What was the primary social fear associated with Italian immigrants?
What was the primary social fear associated with Italian immigrants?
WASP Americans frequently interacted and lived in the same neighborhoods as new immigrants.
WASP Americans frequently interacted and lived in the same neighborhoods as new immigrants.
What kind of research was often used to justify increased hostility towards immigrants regarding crime?
What kind of research was often used to justify increased hostility towards immigrants regarding crime?
The fear of immigrants supposedly taking jobs and housing from native-born Americans is primarily an example of ______ fears.
The fear of immigrants supposedly taking jobs and housing from native-born Americans is primarily an example of ______ fears.
What was a common sentiment among Americans after World War I?
What was a common sentiment among Americans after World War I?
Hostility towards immigrants only began increasing in 1914 with the start of World War I.
Hostility towards immigrants only began increasing in 1914 with the start of World War I.
What impact did World War I have on immigration laws in the United States?
What impact did World War I have on immigration laws in the United States?
Post WW1, literacy tests were passed in ______ to help limit the amount of new immigrants.
Post WW1, literacy tests were passed in ______ to help limit the amount of new immigrants.
According to the conclusion, which factor was the most significant in increasing hostility towards immigrants?
According to the conclusion, which factor was the most significant in increasing hostility towards immigrants?
Americans welcomed societal changes and new beliefs, religions, laws, cultures, and lifestyles brought by the new immigrants.
Americans welcomed societal changes and new beliefs, religions, laws, cultures, and lifestyles brought by the new immigrants.
What did WASP Americans feared most about non-WASP immigrants relating to culture?
What did WASP Americans feared most about non-WASP immigrants relating to culture?
The biggest effect on hostility was the impact that ______ had on viewing immigrants before and after the ear.
The biggest effect on hostility was the impact that ______ had on viewing immigrants before and after the ear.
Which factor did Higham consider crucial in laying the groundwork for anti-radical sentiment and nativism?
Which factor did Higham consider crucial in laying the groundwork for anti-radical sentiment and nativism?
Historian Roger Daniels believed that immigrant prejudice and racism was beneficial.
Historian Roger Daniels believed that immigrant prejudice and racism was beneficial.
According to Kraut, what made Americans an "endangered species"
According to Kraut, what made Americans an "endangered species"
The jobs immigrants were working were low-paying, very ______.
The jobs immigrants were working were low-paying, very ______.
What did the book Ethnic Historians state was a justification for alien strike breakers?
What did the book Ethnic Historians state was a justification for alien strike breakers?
Economic fears wasn't an important factor in hostility towards immigrants.
Economic fears wasn't an important factor in hostility towards immigrants.
Ethnic historians and the mainstream: shaping America's immigrants Published in ______.
Ethnic historians and the mainstream: shaping America's immigrants Published in ______.
Match the quote to their writers:
Match the quote to their writers:
Which of these increased hostility towards immigrants based on prejudice and racism?
Which of these increased hostility towards immigrants based on prejudice and racism?
White Anglo-Saxon Protestants liked how immigrants had different beliefs and cultures to them
White Anglo-Saxon Protestants liked how immigrants had different beliefs and cultures to them
What was at a high point that made Americans give racist and prejudiced against immigrants?
What was at a high point that made Americans give racist and prejudiced against immigrants?
The government was also ______ against non-WASP immigrants.
The government was also ______ against non-WASP immigrants.
Which social fear existed toward Italian immigrants?
Which social fear existed toward Italian immigrants?
Wasps mainly lived in poorer areas where they had daily interactions with immigrants?
Wasps mainly lived in poorer areas where they had daily interactions with immigrants?
What was a consequence of increased rent?
What was a consequence of increased rent?
WW1 in ______ impacted the literacy tests passed in 1977.
WW1 in ______ impacted the literacy tests passed in 1977.
Flashcards
Prejudice and Racism
Prejudice and Racism
The belief that the American way of life was threatened by immigrants with different cultures and values.
Economical fears related to immigration
Economical fears related to immigration
Reduced wages due to immigrants accepting lower pay and willingness to work in dangerous conditions.
Fear of revolution
Fear of revolution
Fear that immigrants would bring communist or revolutionary ideas to America.
Social fears related to immigration
Social fears related to immigration
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Isolationism
Isolationism
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WW1-era fears related to immigration
WW1-era fears related to immigration
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National Origins Act
National Origins Act
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Social fears related to crime
Social fears related to crime
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Literacy Test Act of 1917
Literacy Test Act of 1917
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Nativism
Nativism
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Study Notes
- Hostility towards immigrants in the USA grew significantly after World War I, leading to restrictive immigration legislation.
- Factors contributing to this hostility included economic fears, prejudice and racism, fear of revolutions, the impact of WWI and isolationism, and social anxieties.
- Prejudice and racism were the most significant factors in the increased hostility.
Economic Fears
- High numbers of immigrants were willing to work for low wages, suppressing wage growth for native-born Americans.
- Immigrants were often willing to work in dangerous conditions, undermining efforts by native-born Americans to improve workplace safety.
- The US economy required a large number of workers which immigrants helped to solve.
- Immigrants were willing to take low-paying, dangerous jobs that native-born Americans avoided.
- Hostility arose from the perception that immigrants were taking jobs that rightfully belonged to native-born Americans
Prejudice and Racism
- White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs) feared that new immigrants with different beliefs and religions, such as Judaism, would threaten American Protestantism.
- WASPs were concerned that their democratic way of life was threatened by immigrants from countries with different political systems.
- Prejudice and racism were the most important factor because Americans feared that their way of life would be threatened by immigration.
- The Immigration Restriction League, founded in 1884, put pressure on the Dillingham Commission of 1907 to address immigration concerns.
Fear of Revolution
- Bombings and attacks by alleged communists led to widespread fear of revolution.
- The Russian Revolution of 1917 created the first communist state, which aimed to spread revolution.
- Hostility toward immigrants increased as WASPs feared the loss of their democracy and capitalist system due to the spread of communist ideas by immigrants.
- Immigrants were leaving Russia due to the communist regime, and the communist population in America was very small.
- Legislation like the National Origins Act restricted immigration from eastern and southern Europe, reflecting institutional racism.
Social Fears
- There were fears about rising crime rates and the association of certain immigrant groups, such as Italians, with criminal gangs.
- WASPs worried that immigration would lead to competition for housing and rising rents.
- Immigrants tended to live in their own ethnic neighborhoods, limiting social interaction with WASPs.
- The perception that immigrants were more prone to crime was based on flawed research that justified underlying racism.
WWI and Isolationism
- After WWI, many Americans wanted to stay out of European conflicts and favored isolationism.
- There were concerns about the loyalty of German-Americans during the war.
- America's entry into WWI exacerbated existing prejudices toward immigrants.
- The literacy test, passed in 1917, limited immigration and reflected racist and prejudiced views.
Conclusion
- Prejudice and racism were the primary reasons for growing hostility towards immigrants in the 1920s.
- Fear of revolution, social fears, and the impacts of WWI and isolationism also contributed to the hostility.
- Americans feared that immigrants would change their beliefs, religions, laws, cultures, and lifestyles, leading to increased hostility.
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Description
Post World War I hostility towards immigrants in the USA led to restrictive laws. Economic fears, prejudice, fear of revolutions, impact of WWI, isolationism, and social anxieties were major factors. Prejudice and racism were the most significant factors.
