Positive Illusions Quiz
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Positive Illusions Quiz

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@SupportedTurquoise

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Questions and Answers

What is a common characteristic of people with positivity illusions according to the text?

  • They are less likely to have positive outcomes.
  • They dismiss negative attributes as unimportant. (correct)
  • They underestimate control in chance-based tasks.
  • They view their own future as darker than others'.
  • What is one self-enhancement strategy mentioned in the text to maintain positive self-views?

  • Hypercriticism
  • Self-handicapping (correct)
  • Self-pitying
  • Self-deprecation
  • What is a common outcome associated with self-handicapping according to the text?

  • Enhancing positive outcomes despite adversity (correct)
  • Decreased chances of success
  • Lowering expectations for oneself
  • Higher likelihood of self-doubt
  • What is a key feature of partisan processing as discussed in the text?

    <p>Preferring information that aligns with personal views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do people with positivity illusions tend to perceive control in chance-based tasks according to the text?

    <p>They overestimate control and anticipate positive outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which self-enhancement strategy is more likely to be employed when an individual doubts their ability?

    <p>Self-handicapping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept involves seeking accurate information and increasing certainty in self-knowledge?

    <p>Self-Verification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the preference for tasks that are highly capable of measuring characteristics of the self?

    <p>Self-Assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of uncertainty about a valued ability, what self-assessment behavior is likely to occur?

    <p>Preferring high diagnosticity tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phenomenon suggests that most people rate themselves above average in various traits, skills, and roles?

    <p>Better-than-average effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the tendency to claim more positive attributes in self-evaluation than is statistically possible?

    <p>Self-Enhancement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy involves individuals seeking tasks that offer accurate measures of their characteristics?

    <p>Self-Verification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a subtle strategy mentioned in the text related to positivity illusions?

    <p>Recalling more desirable acts than what objective observers see</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situations may illusions related to self-enhancement not be beneficial?

    <p>When they fail to provide interpersonal benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cultural difference mentioned in the text regarding self-enhancement?

    <p>Western cultures self-enhance less than Eastern cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe the relationship between self-enhancement and liking over time in a study of group dynamics?

    <p>Self-enhancement was related to liking at time 1 but not at time 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What subtle strategy is mentioned in the text for maintaining positive beliefs about oneself?

    <p>Forgetting negative feedback preferentially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe the relationship between self-enhancement and narcissism based on a study?

    <p>Self-enhancement was positively associated with narcissism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Positivity Illusions

    • People with positivity illusions often see themselves as more competent, likable, and in control than others see them.
    • Self-serving biases, such as taking credit for successes and blaming failures on external factors, are common strategies for maintaining positive self-views.
    • Self-handicapping, a strategy where individuals create obstacles that impede their performance, can lead to a perception of lesser ability, mitigating potential negative outcomes.
    • A key feature of partisan processing is the selective attention to information that supports positive self-views while disregarding information that contradicts them.
    • Individuals with positivity illusions often attribute positive outcomes in chance-based tasks to their own skill and negative outcomes to bad luck.
    • Self-affirmation, where one reflects on positive personal values, is often employed when individuals doubt their ability.
    • Self-verification, a process of seeking accurate information to increase certainty in self-knowledge, is vital for maintaining consistency in self-perception.
    • Self-focused tasks, which allow for accurate measurement of self-characteristics, are preferred by individuals seeking to understand their abilities.
    • When individuals are uncertain about a valued ability, they are likely to engage in self-assessment behaviors to confirm and solidify their self-image.
    • The above average effect suggests that most people perceive themselves as better than average in various traits, skills, and roles.
    • The better-than-average effect describes the tendency for individuals to claim more positive attributes in self-evaluation than statistically possible.
    • Self-assessment is a strategy where individuals choose tasks that provide accurate measures of their characteristics.
    • A subtle strategy for maintaining positive beliefs about oneself is to subtly focus on evidence that supports a positive self-view while downplaying contradictory evidence.
    • Illusions may not be beneficial in situations where individuals need to accurately assess their abilities and limitations to make informed decisions.
    • Across cultures, individuals may exhibit different levels of self-enhancement, with some cultures prioritizing modesty.
    • A study of group dynamics showed that self-enhancement is negatively related to group liking over time, suggesting that excessive self-promotion can lead to negative perceptions from others.
    • A subtle strategy for maintaining positive beliefs about oneself is to focus on strengths and accomplishments, disregarding weaknesses and failures.
    • A study found that self-enhancement could be linked to narcissism, implying that individuals with high levels of self-enhancement may exhibit narcissistic traits.

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    Test your knowledge on positive illusions and the tendency for individuals to prioritize positive traits over negative ones. Explore concepts such as illusions of control, unrealistic optimism, and self-enhancing biases.

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