Population Pyramids and Resource Types

Renewable Resources

• Renewable resources can be replenished naturally over a relatively short period.
• Examples include sunlight, wind, water, and biomass.

Non-Renewable Resources

• Non-renewable resources are consumed faster than they can be replenished.
• Examples include fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas), minerals, and metals.

Inexhaustible Resources

• Inexhaustible resources are those that are continually available in vast quantities and are not consumed.
• Examples include solar energy, wind energy, hydroelectric power.

Population Pyramids

• Analyze specific details of each country pyramid
• Country A's pyramid is an example of a pyramid that is primarily youthful or developing.

Population Pyramid Stages & Challenges

• Country A - Analysis of the stage, level of development (MDC, NIC, LDC), dependency ratio, challenges.
• Country B - Analysis of the stage, level of development (MDC, NIC, LDC), dependency ratio, challenges.
• Country C - Analysis of the stage, level of development (MDC, NIC, LDC), dependency ratio, challenges.
• Country D - Analysis of the stage, level of development (MDC, NIC, LDC), dependency ratio, challenges.

Growing/Declining Populations

• Growing populations - pyramid shapes that have a wide base (young population increase)
• Declining populations - pyramid shapes that have a narrower base (low birth rates).

Inferences from Population Pyramids

• Population pyramids can reveal demographic trends (e.g., age structure, birth rates, death rates).
• They can also reveal information about a society's economic and social development
• They provide insights into factors such as mortality rates, fertility rates, and migration patterns.
• Demographic characteristics like the percentage of elderly and young people can also be observed.

Cultural Hearth

• Cultural hearths are areas where significant cultural traits develop and spread outwards.

Cultural Diffusion

• Cultural diffusion is the spread of cultural traits, ideas, and beliefs from one culture to another.
• Examples include the spread of food, music, art, and technology and religious practices

Latitude/Parallel Lines

• Latitude lines are imaginary lines that run east-west around the Earth.
• They measure distance north or south of the equator.

Longitude/Meridian Lines

• Longitude lines are imaginary lines that run north-south around the Earth.
• They measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.

Map Types

• Political maps show political boundaries.
• Physical maps show landforms and water features.
• Thematic maps focus on one specific topic or theme

Cartograms

• Cartograms are maps that distort the shapes and sizes of geographical areas to represent statistical data

Physical Features and Populations

• Three physical features often associated with high population density

• Coastal areas, river valleys, and fertile plains.

GPS

• GPS stands for Global Positioning System.
• It provides location information using satellites.

Rural vs. Urban Life

• Cultural differences between urban and rural areas are significant.

Polytheistic

• Polytheistic religions believe in multiple deities or gods.
• Examples are Hinduism.

Monotheistic

• Monotheistic religions believe in one God.
• Examples are Christianity, Judaism, Islam.

Animistic

• Animistic religions believe that spirits inhabit natural objects (e.g., trees, rocks, rivers).

Enculturation

• Enculturation is the process of acquiring and transmitting knowledge

Religion Information

• A chart (or table) shows specific religions, origins, holy books, founders, etc.

World Religion Distribution

• A map shows the distribution of different religions across the globe.

Latitude and Climate

• Latitude strongly influences climate patterns (based on the angle of incoming solar radiation).

Globalization

• Globalization is the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries through exchange of ideas, goods, and services.

Subsistence Farming

• Subsistence farming is when a farmer grows crops and raises livestock primarily for their own consumption.

Commercial Farming

• Commercial farming is when crops and animals are primarily raised to be sold for profit.

Free Market Economy

• A Free Market Economy is where prices and production of goods and services are decided by the forces of supply and demand

Mixed Economy

• A mixed economy features characteristics of both free and command economies

Command Economy

• A command economy is an economic system where the government controls production and distribution.

Economic Sectors

• Primary: Extracting raw materials—farming, mining, fishing
• Secondary: Manufacturing—transforming raw materials to products—steel mills, car factories
• Tertiary: Providing services—retail, education, healthcare
• Quaternary: Processing information—research, banking, education, consulting
• Quinary: Highest level decision-making—government, top-level research

History of Israel/Palestine

• Summarizes important events and historical context concerning this region

Location A & B

• Identifies locations (A & B) on a map of Southwest Asia, and describes the significance of location B.

Zionism

• Briefly describes Zionism (a national movement supporting the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine).

Standard of Living

• Statistical measures to determine standards of living

LDC, NIC, MDC

• Statistical measures to determine development status

Total Fertility Rate

• The TFR is the average number of children born per woman during her reproductive years and important in population growth predictions.

Immigrant/Emigrant/Refugee/Internally Displaced Person

• Definitions and descriptions these terms

Push and Pull Factors

• Identifying factors that drive migration

Formal, Functional, Perceptual Regions

• Defining and examples of each region type

Political Systems

• Definitions and examples of various political systems include monarchy, democracy, dictatorship, and theocracy.

Absolute/Relative Location

• Describing different types of location.

Human-Environment Interaction

• Defines different forms of interaction between humans and their environment.

Egypt's Population

• Description and reason for why majority of Egypt's population is in specific geographic regions.

Nation/State/Stateless Nation

• Defining these terms and examples.

Commodity Dependency

• Describing the concept of a country relying on a single commodity for economic growth or stability.

Brain Drain

• Defining and describing brain drain

Standard of Living/Quality of Life

• Distinguishing and describing these terms

Human Development Index (HDI)

• Defines and states what elements the HDI measures

Cold War

• Brief overview of the Cold War.

Supranational Organization

• Definition and examples of supranational organizations (e.g., UN, NATO).

Total Fertility Rate & Country Development

• Analysis of the correlation between TFR and a nation's level of development