Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is meant by population momentum?
What is meant by population momentum?
What typically affects crude mortality rates?
What typically affects crude mortality rates?
Why do families in Niger tend to have more children?
Why do families in Niger tend to have more children?
What is meant by total fertility rate?
What is meant by total fertility rate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following factors is associated with high birth rates?
Which of the following factors is associated with high birth rates?
Signup and view all the answers
Which trend is likely found in more developed countries regarding birth and death rates?
Which trend is likely found in more developed countries regarding birth and death rates?
Signup and view all the answers
How do rapidly growing countries compare to slowly growing countries in terms of age structure?
How do rapidly growing countries compare to slowly growing countries in terms of age structure?
Signup and view all the answers
What is meant by crude death rate?
What is meant by crude death rate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements is true about child mortality?
Which of the following statements is true about child mortality?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Population Growth and Factors Influencing it
- Growth Rate: Expressed as a percentage, representing the net change in population per year. Low-income countries often have high growth rates.
- Population Momentum: Population size changes slowly even after growth rates decline due to children born during high-growth periods maturing and having children later.
- Crude Birth Rate: Number of births per 1,000 people in a year – considered crude as it's not adjusted for age or other population characteristics. High in low-income countries (35-40 births per 1,000).
- Crude Death Rate (Mortality Rate): Number of deaths per 1,000 people. Sensitive to age structure. Lower in rapidly growing countries (e.g., Qatar – 1 per 1,000) compared to slow-growing developed countries (e.g., Portugal – 10 per 1,000) due to differences in age distributions.
- Mortality's Influence on Birth Rate: High mortality rates, especially child mortality, drive up birth rates in countries facing such issues. Poverty and lack of healthcare contribute to high child mortality (e.g., Niger).
- Total Fertility Rate: Average number of children born to a woman during her reproductive life. Widely varying rates, even without modern birth control. Factors such as food shortages, illnesses, cultural practices, male pride, religious dogma, and lack of female control influence fertility. Historical high rates have been observed in elite groups. (e.g., 25-30 births for upper-class English women in 17-18th centuries and high rates in specific Anabaptist groups).
Country Examples and Comparisons
- Niger: High child mortality, poverty (43.6% below $1.90/day international poverty line), and low female literacy (around 10%) contribute to high birth and growth rates. Contrastingly, Portugal has low birth and mortality rates, low fertility, and low child mortality, due to wealth and infrastructure.
- Portugal: Low birth and mortality rates, an aging population (more elderly than young), and high per capita income.
- Qatar: Rapid growth, low crude death rates (1 per 1,000) due to young population.
- China: Transitioning from high-growth profiles (like Niger) towards those similar to Portugal (low growth) due to demographic changes.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on population growth and the various factors influencing it. This quiz covers topics such as growth rates, birth and death rates, and population momentum, particularly in low-income countries. Understand how demographics affect population changes over time.
