NCERT - ORGANISMS & POPULATIONS

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Questions and Answers

What is the birth rate calculated for the lotus plants in the pond?

0.2 offspring per lotus per year

0.5 offspring per lotus per year

0.4 offspring per lotus per year (correct)

0.8 offspring per lotus per year

A sex ratio of 60% females and 40% males indicates a balanced population.

True

What is the term used to describe the shape that represents the age distribution of a population?

age pyramid

The death rate in a laboratory population of fruitflies is calculated as _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their definitions:

Birth Rate = Number of offspring produced per individual in a given time Death Rate = Number of individuals that die per unit of time Sex Ratio = Proportion of males to females in a population Age Pyramid = Graphical representation of age distribution in a population Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary field of study for Ramdeo Misra?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was born in 1910.

False Signup and view all the answers

What prestigious award did Ramdeo Misra receive for his contributions to environmental and ecological studies?

Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra established the Department of Botany at ______ University.

Banaras Hindu Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events or contributions with their descriptions:

Established the first postgraduate course in ecology = Significant development in ecology education in India Founded the National Committee for Environmental Planning = Paved the way for India's Ministry of Environment and Forests Supervised over 50 Ph.D. scholars = Initiated ecology teaching across the country Received Fellowships of Indian National Science Academy = Recognized for contributions to science and ecology Signup and view all the answers

What type of questions seek the significance of a process?

Why-type questions Signup and view all the answers

Misra’s research did not significantly contribute to understanding tropical ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Ramdeo Misra obtain his Ph.D. in Ecology?

1937 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a population in ecological studies?

A group of individuals of the same species living in a defined area Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology is solely concerned with the study of individual organisms.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does interbreeding imply in the context of population ecology?

Sexual reproduction among individuals of a population. Signup and view all the answers

A population has specific birth rates and death rates expressed in terms of _______.

per capita Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Population = A group of individuals of the same species in a geographical area Natural Selection = The process through which traits become more or less common in a population Ecology = The study of interactions among organisms and their environment Interbreeding = Reproduction between individuals of the same species Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples correctly represents a population?

All rabbits in a specific forest Signup and view all the answers

Population levels are not relevant to the study of ecology.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one factor that defines a population in ecological terms.

Geographical area or shared resources. Signup and view all the answers

What is population ecology primarily linked to?

Population genetics and evolution Signup and view all the answers

An isolated individual of a species is considered a population in ecological studies.

False Signup and view all the answers

List one example of a population found in nature.

Cormorants in a wetland. Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection operates primarily at the __________ level.

population Signup and view all the answers

Match the following attributes with their definitions:

Birth rates = Rate of live births per individual in a population Death rates = Rate of deaths per individual in a population Interbreeding = Reproduction among individuals of the same population Population = A group of individuals of the same species in a defined area Signup and view all the answers

Which attribute is NOT typically associated with a population?

Individual survival Signup and view all the answers

The presence of only one type of flower in a garden can be considered a population.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'abiotic' refer to in ecological studies?

Non-living physical components of the environment. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contributions is attributed to Ramdeo Misra?

Formulation of the first postgraduate course in ecology in India Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research focused solely on terrestrial ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Ramdeo Misra establish the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination?

1972 Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was born on _____ August 1908.

26 Signup and view all the answers

Match Ramdeo Misra's contributions with their descriptions:

Established teaching and research in ecology = Banaras Hindu University Obtained Ph.D in Ecology = Leeds University Honoured with Sanjay Gandhi Award = Environmental and Ecological contributions Wrote over 50 Ph.D. scholars = Initiated ecology teaching across India Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the efforts of Ramdeo Misra?

Formation of the Ministry of Environment and Forests Signup and view all the answers

The 'how-type' questions in biology seek to understand the mechanisms of processes.

True Signup and view all the answers

Who was Ramdeo Misra's Ph.D. supervisor?

Prof. W.H. Pearsall Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as an attribute characteristic of a population?

Habitat preferences Signup and view all the answers

An age pyramid represents the age distribution and growth status of a population.

True Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the ratio of males to females in a population?

Sex ratio Signup and view all the answers

The birth rate for the lotus plants in the pond is calculated as _____ offspring per lotus per year.

0.4 Signup and view all the answers

What does the shape of an age pyramid indicate about a population?

The population's growth status Signup and view all the answers

A higher death rate in a population indicates better survival conditions.

False Signup and view all the answers

Define the term 'sex ratio' in the context of a population.

The proportion of males to females within a population. Signup and view all the answers

The current population of lotus plants in the pond is _____ after the addition of new plants.

28 Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their corresponding definitions:

Birth rate = The number of offspring produced per individual per year Death rate = The number of individuals that die in a population per time period Age pyramid = Graphical representation of age distribution in a population Sex ratio = The proportion of males to females in a population Signup and view all the answers

What significant committee was established by the Government of India due to Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was awarded the Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology.

True Signup and view all the answers

What year did Ramdeo Misra obtain his Ph.D. in Ecology?

1937 Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra is often referred to as the Father of __________ in India.

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following concepts does 'how-type' questions in biology explore?

The mechanism behind a biological process Signup and view all the answers

Match the following contributions of Ramdeo Misra with their significance:

Formulated first postgraduate course = Initiated ecology education in India Supervised over 50 Ph.D. scholars = Spread ecology research across universities Established Department of Botany = Laid foundation for ecological studies at BHU Received Fellowships = Recognized for contributions to science Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research focused only on temperate ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a population in ecological studies?

Interbreeding among individuals Signup and view all the answers

A population can consist of individuals from asexual reproduction.

True Signup and view all the answers

What two factors are expressed in terms of change in population numbers?

Birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

Population = Group of interbreeding individuals Community = Group of different populations in an area Biome = Large geographical area with similar climate Ecosystem = Interaction of biotic and abiotic factors Signup and view all the answers

Why is population ecology considered significant?

It links ecology to genetics and evolution. Signup and view all the answers

In ecological terms, a single isolated individual qualifies as a population.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does the shape of an age pyramid reflect about a population?

The growth status of the population Signup and view all the answers

A population's sex ratio indicates the proportion of different genders within it.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the birth rate of the lotus plants per year as calculated from the given data?

0.4 offspring per lotus per year Signup and view all the answers

In a population of 40 fruitflies, a death rate of _____ individuals per fruitfly per week was observed.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following population attributes with their definitions:

Sex Ratio = Proportion of males to females Birth Rate = Offspring produced per individual in a year Death Rate = Number of deaths per individual in a given time period Age Pyramid = Graphical representation of age distribution in a population Signup and view all the answers

An individual organism can be considered a population in ecological studies.

False Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection primarily operates at the __________ level.

population Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ecological terms with their definitions:

Population = A group of individuals of the same species in a specific area Community = Different populations living together in a defined area Biome = A large geographical area with distinct flora and fauna Abiotic factors = Non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology is closely linked to population genetics and evolution.

True Signup and view all the answers

List one population attribute that differs from individual attributes.

Birth rates Signup and view all the answers

What role did Ramdeo Misra play in the field of ecology in India?

He was a leading researcher and educator in ecology. Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra received the Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which university did Ramdeo Misra attend for his Ph.D. in Ecology?

Leeds University Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of Ramdeo Misra's work in ecological education?

Initiation of ecology teaching and research across various universities Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research primarily focused on temperate ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

The Government of India established the Ministry of Environment and Forests in _____ as a result of Ramdeo Misra's contributions.

1984 Signup and view all the answers

What does the sex ratio in a population represent?

The ratio of males to females in a population Signup and view all the answers

An age pyramid visually represents the distribution of individuals of different ages in a population.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the birth rate for the lotus plants if 8 new plants are added to the initial 20?

0.4 offspring per lotus per year Signup and view all the answers

The death rate in a population is expressed in terms of _____ individuals per organism per specified time period.

individuals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a population in ecological terms?

Cacti in a desert region Signup and view all the answers

Interbreeding only pertains to sexual reproduction in a population.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the four levels of biological organization that ecology is concerned with?

Organisms, populations, communities, and biomes. Signup and view all the answers

Match the attributes of a population with their characteristics:

Birth rate = The number of live births in a population over time Death rate = The number of deaths in a population over time Sex ratio = The ratio of males to females in a population Age distribution = The distribution of various age groups in a population Signup and view all the answers

What defines the birth rates in a population?

Per capita births within the population Signup and view all the answers

A population can be defined by a group of individuals living in an isolated environment.

False Signup and view all the answers

Provide an example of a population found in nature.

Cormorants in a wetland. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects Ramdeo Misra's contributions to ecology?

He established the first postgraduate course in ecology in India. Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was awarded the Fellowships of the Indian National Science Academy.

True Signup and view all the answers

In which year did the Government of India establish the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination?

1972 Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra obtained his Ph.D. in Ecology in the year _____ from Leeds University.

1937 Signup and view all the answers

Match Ramdeo Misra's contributions with their corresponding outcomes:

Established first postgraduate course in ecology in India = Initiated formal ecology education in India Laid foundations for understanding tropical communities = Advanced ecological research methodology Received Sanjay Gandhi Award = Recognized for significant contributions to environment Founded the National Committee for Environmental Planning = Paved the way for Ministry of Environment and Forests Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the 'how-type' questions in ecology?

To determine the mechanisms behind ecological processes. Signup and view all the answers

Misra's research contributed to understanding only marine ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an age pyramid?

A diagram reflecting the age distribution of a population Signup and view all the answers

A higher birth rate in a population indicates a declining population status.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the death rate calculation for a population of 50 individuals if 5 die?

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

The sex ratio that indicates a balanced population is _ percent females and _ percent males.

50, 50 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics with their descriptions:

Birth Rate = Number of offspring produced in a given time Death Rate = Number of deaths in a population over time Sex Ratio = Proportion of males to females in a population Age Pyramid = Representation of age distribution in a population Signup and view all the answers

What significant committee was established in 1972 as a result of Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra significantly contributed to the understanding of temperate ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

What did Ramdeo Misra formulate as the first in India?

Postgraduate course in ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra obtained his Ph.D. in Ecology from ______ University.

Leeds Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following questions seeks to understand the mechanism of a biological process?

How do organisms reproduce? Signup and view all the answers

Over 50 scholars obtained their Ph.D. degrees under Ramdeo Misra's supervision.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is Ramdeo Misra commonly referred to as in India?

Father of Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a population in ecology?

A group of individuals sharing a specific geographic area. Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection operates primarily at the individual organism level.

False Signup and view all the answers

A group of rats in an abandoned dwelling is an example of a _______.

population Signup and view all the answers

Match the following attributes of a population with their definitions:

Birth rates = The number of births per individual in a time frame Death rates = The number of deaths per individual in a time frame Population density = The number of individuals per unit area Age structure = The distribution of individuals of various ages Signup and view all the answers

Populations can exist as groups formed through both sexual and asexual reproduction.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does the shape of an age pyramid primarily indicate about a population?

The age distribution of individuals Signup and view all the answers

A population with a higher percentage of older individuals is considered to be growing.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the birth rate of the lotus plants per plant?

0.4 offspring per lotus per year Signup and view all the answers

The death rate in a population of 40 fruitflies with 4 deaths recorded is _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristic with its definition:

Birth rate = The ratio of new individuals added to the existing population Death rate = The ratio of individuals lost from the population Sex ratio = The proportion of males to females in a population Age pyramid = A representation of age distribution in a population Signup and view all the answers

What is Ramdeo Misra best known for in India?

Founding the field of ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra established the first undergraduate course in ecology in India.

False Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Ramdeo Misra pass away?

1998 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organizations or concepts with their purposes:

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination = Promote environmental research and planning Ministry of Environment and Forests = Government oversight of environmental policies Indian National Science Academy = Honor esteemed scientists and researchers World Academy of Arts and Science = Foster interdisciplinary studies Signup and view all the answers

Which ecological concept investigates the interactions of organisms within their populations?

Population ecology Signup and view all the answers

Name one type of question that seeks to understand the mechanism behind a biological process.

How-type question Signup and view all the answers

Misra's research had no influence on the development of ecology teaching across India.

False Signup and view all the answers

All individual organisms in a population develop and evolve on their own, isolated from each other.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one attribute that characterizes a population in ecological terms?

Birth rates or death rates Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of reproduction with their definitions:

Sexual reproduction = Involves two parents and genetic variation Asexual reproduction = Involves a single parent and produces clones Interbreeding = Breeding among individuals of the same population Population = A group of individuals that interact and reproductive potential Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a population?

All the oak trees in a forest Signup and view all the answers

Asexual reproduction is not considered a means by which a population can be defined.

False Signup and view all the answers

The study of interactions among organisms and their physical environment is known as __________.

ecology Signup and view all the answers

What does the sex ratio in a population indicate?

The ratio of males to females in the population Signup and view all the answers

An age pyramid displays the age distribution of individuals in a population.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the death rate in a population?

Number of deaths / Total population Signup and view all the answers

The current population of lotus plants in the pond after the addition of new plants is _____.

28 Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Ramdeo Misra's research?

Tropical communities and ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra received the Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology for his contributions to ecology.

True Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination established in India?

1972 Signup and view all the answers

Match Ramdeo Misra’s contributions with their impact:

Established postgraduate courses = Initiated advanced ecological education in India Research on nutrient cycling = Improved understanding of ecosystem productivity Fellowship in Indian National Science Academy = Recognition for scientific contributions Government committee establishment = Paved the way for environmental policy in India Signup and view all the answers

Which type of questions seek the mechanism behind a biological process?

How-type questions Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra supervised over 50 scholars who went on to influence ecology teaching in India.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines a population in ecological terms?

A collection of organisms sharing the same geographical area and resources Signup and view all the answers

Name one factor that contributes to defining a population in ecological studies.

Birth rate or death rate Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology links ecology to population genetics and __________.

evolution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents an example of a population?

All the cormorants in a wetland Signup and view all the answers

A group of individuals resulting from asexual reproduction is not considered a population.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does an age pyramid reflect concerning a population?

The age distribution and growth status of the population Signup and view all the answers

A sex ratio of 40% males and 60% females indicates that females are the minority in the population.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the birth rate calculated for the lotus plants after the addition of new plants?

0.4 offspring per lotus per year Signup and view all the answers

If 4 individuals died in a population of 40 fruitflies, the death rate is _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions:

Birth rate = Number of offspring produced per individual in a year Death rate = Number of individuals that die per individual in a specific time period Sex ratio = Proportion of males to females in a population Age pyramid = Diagram representing age distribution in a population Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic that distinguishes a population from an individual organism?

A population can interbreed. Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection only influences individual organisms rather than populations.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which significant contribution is attributed to Ramdeo Misra?

Formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology in India Signup and view all the answers

Define 'abiotic' in the context of ecological studies.

Non-living environmental factors. Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology is primarily linked to population _______ and evolution.

genetics Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra received the Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environmental Studies.

True Signup and view all the answers

In what year was Ramdeo Misra born?

1908 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples would be considered a population?

A group of cormorants in a wetland Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra conducted his Ph.D. research under Professor _____ from Leeds University.

W.H. Pearsall Signup and view all the answers

Only sexually reproducing individuals can be part of a population.

False Signup and view all the answers

What was a key focus of Ramdeo Misra's research?

Nutrient cycling in tropical ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

Match the following awards with the respective descriptions:

Sanjay Gandhi Award = Award for contributions to environment and ecology Fellowship of the Indian National Science Academy = Honor for significant scientific contributions World Academy of Arts and Science Fellowship = International recognition of scholarly excellence Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra’s contributions led to the establishment of the Ministry of Environment and Forests in India.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does Ramdeo Misra's work primarily contribute to in ecology?

Understanding tropical communities and their succession Signup and view all the answers

What does an age pyramid represent in a population?

The age distribution of individuals Signup and view all the answers

A balanced population has an equal sex ratio of males and females.

True Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the death rate if 3 individuals from a population of 50 die over a period of one month.

0.06 individuals per individual per month Signup and view all the answers

The birth rate for the lotus plants is expressed as _____ offspring per lotus per year.

0.4 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following population characteristics to their definitions:

Birth rate = The number of offspring produced per individual Death rate = The number of individuals that die per unit of population over a period Sex ratio = The proportion of males to females in a population Age pyramid = A graphical representation of the age distribution in a population Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of population ecology?

The dynamics of populations and their attributes Signup and view all the answers

A population consists solely of individuals that reproduce sexually.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one factor that characterizes a population in ecological studies.

Birth rate or death rate Signup and view all the answers

An individual organism is more focused on coping with a changed environment, while __________ operates at the population level.

natural selection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following constitutes a population?

All the goldfish in a single aquarium Signup and view all the answers

Ecology studies only the interactions among different species.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is typically represented by an age pyramid in population studies?

Age distribution of a population Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Ramdeo Misra's significant contributions to ecology in India?

Established teaching and research in ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was awarded the Sanjay Gandhi Award for his work in Ecology.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match the following contributions of Ramdeo Misra with their descriptions:

Established the first postgraduate course in ecology = Educated future scholars in the field of ecology Initiated research in tropical communities = Laid the foundation for understanding tropical ecosystems Founded the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination = Set the groundwork for environmental policies in India Received Fellowships from prestigious academies = Recognized for significant contributions to science and ecology Signup and view all the answers

Which question type seeks the mechanism behind a biological process?

How-type questions Signup and view all the answers

The Government of India established the Ministry of Environment and Forests prior to 1972.

False Signup and view all the answers

What indicates the growth status of a population when represented in an age pyramid?

The shape of the pyramid Signup and view all the answers

A death rate of 0.1 individuals per fruitfly per week indicates that the population is thriving.

False Signup and view all the answers

What formula is used to calculate the birth rate in a population?

Number of births divided by the original population size Signup and view all the answers

If a population of 40 fruitflies has 4 deaths, the death rate is _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

A population can consist of both sexually and asexually reproducing organisms.

True Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the rates of births and deaths in a population?

Birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

Match the following examples with their corresponding populations:

Cormorants = Wetland population Rats = Abandoned dwelling population Teakwood trees = Forest population Bacteria = Culture plate population Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines a population?

A group of individuals of the same species sharing a geographic area Signup and view all the answers

Individuals in a population do not have their own birth and death rates as those are population attributes.

True Signup and view all the answers

Name one attribute of a population in ecological terms.

Birth rates Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following areas did Ramdeo Misra NOT focus on in his research?

Marine biology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra formulated the first undergraduate course in ecology in India.

False Signup and view all the answers

What kind of questions do the 'why-type' inquiries in biology seek to explore?

Significance and purpose of biological processes Signup and view all the answers

The Ministry of Environment and Forests in India was established before the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination.

False Signup and view all the answers

What factor is used to indicate the growth status of a population?

Age pyramid shape Signup and view all the answers

A population that has a sex ratio of 60% males and 40% females is considered unbalanced.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the death rate for a population of 50 frogs if 5 individuals died over a month?

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

The birth rate of the lotus plants in the pond is _____ offspring per lotus per year.

0.4 Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research focused solely on aquatic ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

Match the following contributions with their descriptions:

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination = Established in 1972 Ministry of Environment and Forests = Formed in 1984 Ph.D. supervision = Over 50 scholars obtained Ph.D. degrees Fellowships = Honored by Indian National Science Academy Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra initiated ecology teaching and research across India.

True Signup and view all the answers

Misra's research focused on productivity and nutrient cycling in tropical ______ and grassland ecosystems.

forest Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary focus of population ecology?

Linking ecology to population genetics Signup and view all the answers

An individual organism has specific birth rates and death rates attributed to it.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'abiotic' in ecological studies?

Non-living environmental factors Signup and view all the answers

A group of individuals of the same species living in a defined geographical area is known as a _____

population Signup and view all the answers

Cactus plants are typically found in populations that thrive in areas with minimal competition.

True Signup and view all the answers

Name one characteristic that defines a population in ecological terms.

Interbreeding among individuals Signup and view all the answers

What is one of Ramdeo Misra's key contributions to the field of ecology in India?

He formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology in India. Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was born on August 26, 1908.

True Signup and view all the answers

What prestigious award did Ramdeo Misra receive for his contributions to the field of environment and ecology?

Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology Signup and view all the answers

The Government of India established the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination in _____ (year).

1972 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following themes does NOT reflect the focus of Ramdeo Misra's research?

Aquatic ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra obtained his Ph.D. in Ecology under Prof. W.H. _____ from Leeds University.

Pearsall Signup and view all the answers

The death rate is calculated as the number of deaths divided by the total population size.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is an attribute characteristic of a population that reflects the composition of males and females?

Sex ratio Signup and view all the answers

In a laboratory of 40 fruitflies, if 4 individuals died, the death rate is _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the levels of biological organization that ecology studies?

Biomes Signup and view all the answers

A population only includes individuals of the same species that are isolated from each other.

False Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the rates at which births and deaths occur in a population?

birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

Match the following examples with their respective populations:

Cormorants in a wetland = Population of birds Rats in an abandoned dwelling = Population of mammals Teakwood trees in a forest tract = Population of plants Bacteria in a culture plate = Population of microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a characteristic of a population?

Shared resources Signup and view all the answers

Interbreeding implies that all individuals in a population reproduce sexually.

False Signup and view all the answers

The term 'abiotic' refers to __________ factors in an ecosystem.

non-living Signup and view all the answers

What does an age pyramid illustrate about a population?

The age distribution and growth status of the population Signup and view all the answers

A higher birth rate indicates that fewer offspring are being produced in a population.

False Signup and view all the answers

How is the death rate in a population calculated?

Number of deaths divided by total population size Signup and view all the answers

The initial population of lotus plants in the pond was _____ plants.

20 Signup and view all the answers

What year did Ramdeo Misra establish the first postgraduate course in ecology in India?

1937 Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research focused exclusively on terrestrial ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra is honored as the Father of __________ in India.

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Match the following awards or honors with Ramdeo Misra's contributions:

Sanjay Gandhi Award = Recognition for contributions in Environment and Ecology Fellowship of Indian National Science Academy = Honor for academic excellence Fellowship of World Academy of Arts and Science = International recognition National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination = Established due to his efforts Signup and view all the answers

Which of these biological organization levels does NOT belong to the hierarchy?

Species Signup and view all the answers

The 'how-type' questions in biology seek the significance of a process.

False Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant regulatory outcome of Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

Establishment of the Ministry of Environment and Forests Signup and view all the answers

What is one attribute that differentiates a population from an individual organism?

Birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

Ecology is solely focused on the interrelationships of organisms.

False Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic reflects the distribution of ages within a population?

Age pyramid Signup and view all the answers

A birth rate of 0.4 indicates that each lotus plant produces 0.4 offspring per year.

True Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the proportion of males to females in a population?

Sex ratio Signup and view all the answers

The death rate in a laboratory population of fruitflies during a week is calculated as _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

What significant committee was established in 1972 due to Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination Signup and view all the answers

Who supervised Ramdeo Misra for his Ph.D. in Ecology?

Prof. W.H. Pearsall Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra established the first postgraduate course in ecology in ______.

India Signup and view all the answers

A population can be made up of individuals that reproduce both sexually and asexually.

True Signup and view all the answers

List one example of a population found in a natural environment.

Cormorants in a wetland Signup and view all the answers

Which area of focus was a key part of Misra's research?

Tropical forest ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection primarily acts at the __________ level.

population Signup and view all the answers

Misra's research had no impact on the productivity and nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an attribute associated with a population?

Individual health status Signup and view all the answers

A population can be defined as a group of individuals living in an isolated area with no interaction with other populations.

False Signup and view all the answers

In a population, a sex ratio indicates the number of individuals of each age group.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the birth rate of the lotus plants in the pond?

0.4 offspring per lotus per year Signup and view all the answers

The death rate in the population of fruitflies during a specified time interval is _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to populations with their definitions:

Birth Rate = Number of offspring produced per individual in a specified time Death Rate = Number of individuals that die in a specified time Sex Ratio = Proportion of males to females in a population Age Pyramid = Graphical representation of age distribution in a population Signup and view all the answers

Which significant committee was established due to the efforts of Ramdeo Misra?

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra obtained his Ph.D. in Ecology in 1937.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is Ramdeo Misra widely recognized as in India?

The Father of Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra established the first postgraduate course in ecology in _____ University.

Banaras Hindu Signup and view all the answers

Match Ramdeo Misra's achievements with their descriptions:

Established postgraduate course = Pioneered ecology teaching in India Fellowships received = Recognized by Indian National Science Academy Awarded Sanjay Gandhi Award = Honored for contributions in Environment and Ecology Founded National Committee for Environmental Planning = Facilitated environmental governance in India Signup and view all the answers

What type of questions seek to understand the mechanisms of biological processes?

How-type questions Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT an example of a population in ecological studies?

A single cactus in a desert Signup and view all the answers

Misra's research did not contribute to understanding tropical ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection operates primarily at the individual level.

False Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the study of interactions among organisms and between them and their abiotic environment?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

In population ecology, birth rates and death rates are expressed in terms of _______.

per capita Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes to defining a population?

Geographical area Signup and view all the answers

Asexual reproduction does not contribute to the formation of a population.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the four levels of biological organization relevant to ecology?

Organisms, populations, communities, biomes Signup and view all the answers

What value indicates the birth rate of lotus plants in the pond?

0.4 offspring per lotus per year Signup and view all the answers

An age pyramid can reflect whether a population is declining.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary significance of determining the population size in ecology?

It helps evaluate ecological processes like competition, predation, and environmental impacts. Signup and view all the answers

The death rate in a population is calculated as _____ individuals per individual per time interval.

death Signup and view all the answers

What prestigious award was given to Ramdeo Misra for his contributions to environmental and ecological studies?

Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was instrumental in establishing the Ministry of Environment and Forests in 1984.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ecological concepts with their definitions:

Population = Group of organisms of the same species in a given area Ecosystem = Community of living organisms and their physical environment Biome = Large ecological areas on the earth's surface Nutrient cycling = Process of movement and exchange of nutrients in ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

Misra formulated the first undergraduate course in ecology in India.

False Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main areas of Ramdeo Misra's research focus?

Tropical communities and their succession Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of a population in ecological studies?

Share or compete for similar resources. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four levels of biological organization in ecology?

Organisms, populations, communities, biomes. Signup and view all the answers

A population can be defined by its unique _____ rates and death rates.

birth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a concept related to population ecology?

Birth rates refer to the number of births per member. Signup and view all the answers

Groups of individuals that reproduce asexually are not considered populations.

False Signup and view all the answers

List a reason why ecology is important to understand population genetics.

It links ecology to evolution. Signup and view all the answers

What does a sex ratio of 60% females and 40% males indicate about a population?

The population is balanced in gender distribution. Signup and view all the answers

An age pyramid can indicate whether a population is growing, stable, or declining.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the birth rate calculated for the lotus plants mentioned?

0.4 offspring per lotus per year Signup and view all the answers

Match the following population attributes with their characteristics:

Birth Rate = Offspring produced per individual per time Death Rate = Individuals lost per population per time Sex Ratio = Proportion of males to females in a population Age Pyramid = Visual representation of age distribution in a population Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant contribution of Ramdeo Misra to the field of ecology in India?

He formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology. Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra received the prestigious Sanjay Gandhi Award for his research in plant anatomy.

False Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research significantly contributed to the understanding of ________ communities.

tropical Signup and view all the answers

What discipline did Ramdeo Misra earn his Ph.D. in?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra’s research only focused on plant productivity and did not include nutrient cycling.

False Signup and view all the answers

What type of questions do 'how-type' inquiries in biology seek to answer?

Mechanisms behind processes Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection operates primarily at the population level.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of questions with their significance:

Why-type = Seeks to understand purpose or reason How-type = Seeks to understand mechanisms behind processes What-type = Seeks to define or identify When-type = Seeks to establish timing of events Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary concerns of ecology at the population level?

Interactions among individuals and resource competition Signup and view all the answers

What does the birth rate indicate in a population?

The number of offspring produced Signup and view all the answers

What is the death rate if 3 out of 50 individuals in a population died during a specific time interval?

0.06 Signup and view all the answers

What title is commonly associated with Ramdeo Misra in India?

Father of Ecology Signup and view all the answers

The population of fruitflies decreased by _____ individuals during the specified period.

4 Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra obtained his Ph.D. in Ecology under Prof. W.H. Pearsall from ______ University.

Leeds Signup and view all the answers

Which significant committee was established in part due to Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination Signup and view all the answers

The main focus of population ecology is the study of individual organisms.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the research focus of Ramdeo Misra in terms of ecosystems?

Tropical forest and grassland ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best defines a population in ecological terms?

A group of individuals of the same species that share a geographical area and can interbreed. Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection occurs primarily at the individual level, not at the population level.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of rates that are important for understanding population dynamics?

Birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

In ecological studies, a group of organisms resulting from asexual reproduction is considered a ______.

population Signup and view all the answers

The term 'abiotic' refers to the living components of an ecosystem.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does an age pyramid indicate for a population?

The age distribution and growth status of the population Signup and view all the answers

The death rate is calculated by dividing the number of deaths by the total population during a specific time period.

True Signup and view all the answers

If the death rate in a population of fruit flies is 0.1 individuals per fruitfly per week, this means that _____ individuals died during the specified period.

4 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following attributes with their characteristics:

Birth Rate = Number of offspring produced in a given time Death Rate = Number of individuals that die in a given time Sex Ratio = Proportion of males to females in a population Age Distribution = Proportions of different age groups in a population Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is crucial for defining a population in ecological studies?

Ability to interbreed Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection operates solely at the individual level in ecological studies.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that describes the interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

A population has specific birth and death rates expressed in terms of ______.

per capita Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

Birth Rate = Number of live births per 1,000 individuals in a population Death Rate = Number of deaths per 1,000 individuals in a population Abiotic Factors = Non-living physical and chemical elements in the environment Population = A group of individuals of the same species in a specific area Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of population ecology?

Linking ecology to population genetics and evolution Signup and view all the answers

An individual organism can represent a population in ecological studies.

False Signup and view all the answers

The presence of multiple individuals of the same species in a given area indicates a ______.

population Signup and view all the answers

What year was Ramdeo Misra awarded his Ph.D. in Ecology?

1937 Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

Establishment of the Ministry of Environment and Forests Signup and view all the answers

The 'how-type' questions in biology explore the significance of processes.

False Signup and view all the answers

In which year did the Government of India establish the National Committee for Environmental Planning?

1972 Signup and view all the answers

What does a population's birth rate indicate?

The number of offspring per individual per year Signup and view all the answers

A population with a death rate of 0.1 individuals per fruitfly per week indicates better survival conditions.

False Signup and view all the answers

The sex ratio of a population is typically expressed as a percentage of _ males and _ females.

males, females Signup and view all the answers

Match the population characteristic with its description:

Birth rate = Number of offspring per individual per year Death rate = Number of individuals lost per individual per week Sex ratio = Proportion of males and females in a population Age pyramid = Graphical representation of age distribution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes a characteristic of population in ecological studies?

Birth rates affect the population Signup and view all the answers

A group of individuals resulting from asexual reproduction is generally considered a population.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary subject of study in ecology?

Interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment. Signup and view all the answers

What prestigious award did Ramdeo Misra receive for his contributions to environmental studies?

Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios represents a population?

A herd of elephants in a forest Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines the focus of Ramdeo Misra's research?

Tropical communities and their ecology Signup and view all the answers

An individual organism is the primary focus of population ecology.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a population found in nature?

Bacteria in a culture plate. Signup and view all the answers

Misra's research had a limited impact on the understanding of tropical ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

A birth rate of 0.4 offspring per lotus plant per year is considered high.

False Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the death rate if 3 out of 50 turtles in a pond died during a month.

0.06 Signup and view all the answers

The sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population and may be expressed as _ percent males and _ percent females.

40, 60 Signup and view all the answers

Match the attributes characteristic of populations with their definitions:

Birth Rate = Number of offspring produced Death Rate = Number of individuals that die Sex Ratio = Proportion of males to females Age Pyramid = Representation of age distribution Signup and view all the answers

Match the contributions of Ramdeo Misra with their descriptions:

Established the first postgraduate course in ecology = Pioneered ecological education in India Supervised over 50 Ph.D. scholars = Spread ecology research across the country Awarded the Sanjay Gandhi Award = Recognized for outstanding contributions to environmental studies Founded the Department of Botany at BHU = Promoted ecology as an academic discipline Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following questions seeks the mechanism behind a biological process?

How does the bird sing? Signup and view all the answers

Misra's research did not significantly contribute to understanding nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is typically considered a characteristic of a population?

Birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

A population can consist of individuals resulting from both sexual and asexual reproduction.

True Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology links ecology to ________ and evolution.

population genetics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of natural selection?

It affects populations to evolve desired traits Signup and view all the answers

Isolated individuals can be considered a population in ecological studies.

False Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the physical environment an organism interacts with?

Abiotic environment Signup and view all the answers

What does a sex ratio of 60% females and 40% males imply about a population?

The population is predominantly female. Signup and view all the answers

Age pyramids exclusively represent age distribution of females in a population.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating birth rate in a population?

Number of offspring divided by the original population. Signup and view all the answers

The current population of fruit flies is recorded as _____ individuals after observing a period of deaths.

36 Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily studied at the population level in ecology?

Natural selection and evolution Signup and view all the answers

A single individual of a species can be considered a population in ecological studies.

False Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology is linked to ________ and evolution.

population genetics Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was awarded the prestigious __________ Award for his contributions to environmental studies.

Sanjay Gandhi Signup and view all the answers

What type of questions explore the mechanisms behind biological processes?

How-type questions Signup and view all the answers

Populations have death rates that apply to individual organisms.

False Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research solely focused on desert ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic that defines a population?

Geographical area Signup and view all the answers

What does a stable age pyramid typically indicate about a population?

The population is stable in size. Signup and view all the answers

A higher birth rate always leads to a decrease in a population's size.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the death rate calculated for a population of 50 individuals if 5 individuals died during a specified period?

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

An individual population's sex ratio is expressed as a percentage of and .

males, females Signup and view all the answers

What notable contribution did Ramdeo Misra make to the field of ecology in India?

He formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology in India. Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research primarily focused on terrestrial ecosystems.

True Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination established due to Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

1972 Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra supervised over 50 scholars who obtained their Ph.D. degrees.

True Signup and view all the answers

What did Ramdeo Misra's research primarily focus on in tropical ecosystems?

Nutrient cycling and environmental responses of plant populations. Signup and view all the answers

What is one attribute that is typically associated with a population?

Per capita birth rates Signup and view all the answers

A population consists of isolated individuals of a species living in the same geographical area.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines ecology?

The interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology primarily studies individual organisms and their behaviors.

False Signup and view all the answers

What can significantly reflect the growth status of a population?

Population size Signup and view all the answers

An age pyramid can help visualize the age distribution of a population.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of males to females in a population called?

sex ratio Signup and view all the answers

The death rate is calculated as _____ individuals per type per defined time interval.

individuals Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of Ramdeo Misra's research contributions?

Understanding tropical ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

The Government of India established the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination in _____ due to Ramdeo Misra's influence.

1972 Signup and view all the answers

Match Ramdeo Misra's contributions with their significance:

Established postgraduate ecology course = Initiated ecology education in India Research in tropical ecosystems = Paved the way for understanding biodiversity Awarded Sanjay Gandhi Award = Recognized contributions to environment and ecology Formed National Committee for Environmental Planning = Promoted environmental policy planning Signup and view all the answers

Which notable fellowships did Ramdeo Misra receive?

Indian National Science Academy Signup and view all the answers

The 'how-type' questions in biology inquire about the significance of a process.

False Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection primarily operates at the organism level.

False Signup and view all the answers

What term describes interactions among organisms and between organisms and their abiotic environment?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

A population's birth and death rates are expressed in terms of _______ per capita.

individuals Signup and view all the answers

A group of individuals resulting from asexual reproduction is not considered a population in ecological studies.

False Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a population is declining when examining an age pyramid?

A narrow base with a wide top Signup and view all the answers

The birth rate is calculated as the number of individuals added to a population divided by the initial population size.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the age distribution diagram called that reflects the growth status of a population?

age pyramid Signup and view all the answers

The death rate in a population is expressed in terms of _____ per individual over a specified time interval.

individuals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a population in ecological studies?

Existence of a single individual Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection operates primarily at the level of the individual organism.

False Signup and view all the answers

A group of individuals of the same species living in a defined area is called a ______.

population Signup and view all the answers

What type of questions seek the significance of a process in ecology?

Why-type questions Signup and view all the answers

All populations consist of individuals that must cope with their environment individually.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one example of a population that can be found in nature.

Cormorants in a wetland. Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra received his Ph.D. in Ecology in 1937 from Leeds University.

True Signup and view all the answers

What significant committee was established in 1972 due to Ramdeo Misra's contributions?

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination Signup and view all the answers

The Government of India established the Ministry of __________ and Forests in 1984.

Environment Signup and view all the answers

Match each contribution of Ramdeo Misra with its description:

Formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology = Advanced higher education in ecology in India Established the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination = Promoted environmental awareness and planning Supervised over 50 Ph.D. scholars = Contributed to ecology teaching across the country Received the Sanjay Gandhi Award = Recognition for contributions to environment and ecology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the two types of questions addressed in biological studies?

How-type and Why-type Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra only focused on plant populations in his ecological research.

False Signup and view all the answers

A population can have a sex ratio where males and females are represented equally.

True Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the death rate of a population of 50 rabbits if 5 of them die over a month.

0.1 individuals per rabbit per month Signup and view all the answers

The sex ratio represents the proportion of males and females in a population, for example, 40% males and _____ females.

60% Signup and view all the answers

Name one example of a population in nature.

Cormorants in a wetland Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology is primarily concerned with the study of ______ levels.

population Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following population attributes is associated with per capita calculations?

Birth rate Signup and view all the answers

Asexual reproduction does not contribute to the formation of a population in ecological studies.

False Signup and view all the answers

The primary focus of ecology is to study the interactions among organisms and between organisms and their ______ environment.

abiotic Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary area of focus in Ramdeo Misra's research?

Nutrient cycling in tropical forests Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was born in 1908 and passed away in 1998.

True Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra established a postgraduate course in ecology at ______ University.

Banaras Hindu Signup and view all the answers

Which committee was established as a direct result of Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination Signup and view all the answers

Match the contributions of Ramdeo Misra with their significance:

Formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology = Laid the foundation for ecology education in India Established National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination = Paved the way for Ministry of Environment and Forests Supervised over 50 Ph.D. scholars = Spread ecology teaching across the country Received Sanjay Gandhi Award = Recognition of significant contributions to environmental studies Signup and view all the answers

The 'why-type' questions in biology investigate the mechanisms behind processes.

False Signup and view all the answers

Due to his efforts in ecology, Ramdeo Misra was honored with fellowships from the Indian National Science __________.

Academy Signup and view all the answers

A birth rate of 0.4 indicates that there are fewer offspring produced compared to the number of individuals in a population.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the death rate of a population if 3 out of 30 individuals die in a month?

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

The sex ratio of a population can be expressed as a percentage of _ and _ individuals.

males, females Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary attributes of a population?

Birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

Match the following examples with their descriptions:

Cormorants in a wetland = Example of a population Rats in an abandoned dwelling = Example of a population Bacteria in a culture plate = Example of a population Teakwood trees in a forest trunk = Example of a population Signup and view all the answers

Which question type seeks to understand the mechanisms behind biological processes?

How-type questions Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary contribution of Ramdeo Misra in the field of ecology?

Establishment of the first ecology course in India Signup and view all the answers

The concept of interbreeding only applies to sexual reproduction in populations.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name an example of a population found in nature.

Lotus plants in a pond Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research exclusively focused on temperate ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra completed his Ph.D. in Ecology at ______ University.

Leeds Signup and view all the answers

Match the following awards with their significance:

Sanjay Gandhi Award = Prestigious recognition in environmental science Fellowships of the Indian National Science Academy = Honor for contributions to science World Academy of Arts and Science Fellowship = International recognition in arts and science Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University = First ecology teaching and research facility in India Signup and view all the answers

Which type of question seeks to understand the significance of a process?

Why-type questions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a significant contribution of Ramdeo Misra to ecology in India?

He formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary field of study that Ramdeo Misra is associated with?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra received his Ph.D. in Ecology in the year _______.

1937 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organizations did Ramdeo Misra help to establish in India?

National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes what a population is in ecological terms?

A group of individuals living in the same area that share resources Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection operates at the individual organism level rather than the population level.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one factor that typically characterizes a population.

Birth rate or death rate Signup and view all the answers

A group of individuals resulting from _______ reproduction is also considered a population for ecological studies.

asexual Signup and view all the answers

Population ecology only studies the behaviors of individual organisms.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

The sex ratio in a population is the ratio of males to females.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is calculated as the ratio of new individuals to existing individuals in a population?

birth rate Signup and view all the answers

A population is comprised of individuals of different ages, which can be represented in an age pyramid that shows the population's _____ status.

growth Signup and view all the answers

What does an age pyramid illustrate?

The age distribution of a population Signup and view all the answers

A population's sex ratio is defined as the percentage of males to females.

True Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the death rate if 5 fruitflies died in a population of 50 fruitflies over one week.

0.1 individuals per fruitfly per week Signup and view all the answers

The birth rate for a population is typically expressed in terms of _____ per individual per year.

offspring Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their meanings:

Birth Rate = Rate of offspring produced in a population Death Rate = Rate of individual deaths in a population Sex Ratio = Proportion of males to females Age Pyramid = Graphical representation of age distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is a population in ecological studies?

A group of organisms of the same species in a defined area Signup and view all the answers

Natural selection operates at the individual level rather than the population level.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one attribute that distinguishes a population from an individual organism.

Birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

A population has a specific birth rate and death rate expressed in terms of _____ per capita.

individuals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a population?

An isolated organism Signup and view all the answers

While studying populations, individual organisms are the primary focus.

False Signup and view all the answers

What do birth rates and death rates refer to in the context of populations?

Change in numbers of individuals Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra was instrumental in the establishment of the Ministry of Environment and Forests in India.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match the contributions of Ramdeo Misra with their respective outcomes:

Established first postgraduate course in ecology = Initiated ecology teaching across India Supervised over 50 Ph.D. scholars = Expanded research in various universities Led environmental planning initiative = Paved the path for environmental legislation Awarded Sanjay Gandhi Award = Recognized for contributions to ecology and environment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following questions relates to the 'how' type?

How does the bird sing? Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's work only focused on theoretical aspects of ecology.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does an age pyramid represent?

The age distribution of a population Signup and view all the answers

A higher number of females in a population leads to a skewed sex ratio.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the death rate in a population?

Number of deaths / total population Signup and view all the answers

If there are 40 fruitflies in a population and 4 die, the death rate is _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

0.1 Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant contribution of Ramdeo Misra to ecology in India?

Formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of ecology did Ramdeo Misra primarily research?

Tropical ecosystems and their communities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a 'how-type' question in ecology?

How do birds produce sound? Signup and view all the answers

Ramdeo Misra's research did not focus on nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

False Signup and view all the answers

In which department did Ramdeo Misra establish teaching and research in ecology?

Department of Botany Signup and view all the answers

What primarily links ecology to population genetics and evolution?

Population ecology Signup and view all the answers

Individuals of a species are commonly found alone in nature.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining factor of a population that distinguishes it from individual organisms?

Birth rates and death rates Signup and view all the answers

In ecology, organisms that live and reproduce in a defined geographical area constitute a ______.

population Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ramdeo Misra

Recognised as the Father of Ecology in India
Born August 26, 1908
Obtained Ph.D in Ecology (1937) from Leeds University, UK
Established teaching and research in ecology at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Research focused on tropical communities, plant succession, environmental responses, and nutrient cycling in tropical forests and grasslands
Formulated the first postgraduate ecology course in India
Supervised over 50 scholars who went on to establish ecology programs at other universities and research institutions, initiating ecology programs across India.
Died in 1998

Ramdeo Misra's Contributions

Laid the foundation for understanding tropical communities and their succession
Research included environmental responses of plant populations and productivity, nutrient cycling in ecosystems
Formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology in India
Mentored over 50 scholars, enabling them to establish ecology programs at other universities
His efforts led to the establishment of the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination (1972), paving the way for the Ministry of Environment and Forests (1984)
Directly contributed to the establishment of the Ministry of Environment and Forests (1984)
Recognized by fellowships from the Indian National Science Academy and the World Academy of Arts and Sciences
Awarded the prestigious Sanjay Gandhi Award for Environment and Ecology

Government Recognition

Awarded Fellowships from the Indian National Science Academy and the World Academy of Arts and Sciences
Awarded the prestigious Sanjay Gandhi Award for Environment and Ecology
Played a key role in establishing the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination (1972), which was a forerunner to the Ministry of Environment and Forests (1984)
His efforts directly led to the establishment of the Ministry of Environment and Forests (1984)

Organisms and Populations

Living world is diverse and complex.
Questions about natural processes can be asked in two ways: 'how' (mechanism) and 'why' (significance).
Biological levels include macromolecules, cells, tissues, organs, individual organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems, and biomes
Each level requires both mechanistic and significance questions.
Understanding biological processes at various levels (cells, tissues, organs, individuals, populations) is key to comprehending complex biological systems.

Population Attributes

Individuals in groups rarely exist as single entities (shared resources are vital)
Well-defined geographical areas
Members of similar species are capable of interbreeding
A population includes any assemblage of individuals that potentially interbreed regardless of sexual or asexual reproduction, including individuals like bacteria in a culture dish.
Birth rates, Death rates, Sex ratio, Age distribution (age pyramid), density are factors influencing population size.
Birth and death rates are per capita changes in numbers divided by population size (e.g., births per individual per year).
Reproduction is a crucial factor in determining population size.
Population attributes include birth/death rates, sex ratio, and age distributions (age pyramids) reflective of growth, stability, or decline. Birth rate includes the number of offspring per existing member of the population, and death rate includes the number of deaths per member in the population. -Sex ratios compare the proportion of males to females. -Age distributions or age pyramids can be used to examine if a population is growing, stable, or declining. This information can be displayed graphically. -Individuals can belong to multiple populations depending on location.

Population Growth

Population size varies over time.
Driven by births, deaths, immigration, and emigration, with rates calculated within a study period.
Exponential growth occurs when resources are unlimited, and graphs as a J-shaped curve.
Logistic growth exhibits a sigmoid pattern, with a stable size (carrying capacity, K) as resources become limited.
Carrying capacity (K) signifies the maximum sustainable population size in a specific environment.

Factors influencing population growth

Natality: Number of births per individual
Mortality: Number of deaths per individual
Immigration: Individuals entering an area
Emigration: Individuals leaving an area
Intrinsic rate of natural increase (r): Potential for population growth in a given period.
Carrying capacity (K): Maximum size a given environment can sustain.
Factors influencing population growth include natality (birth), mortality (death), immigration (movement in), and emigration (movement out).
Density depends on birth/death rates, resources, and predator/prey interactions.
Population size may be measured in numbers, biomass, or percentage cover by evaluating organisms in a population.
Population density includes indicators like pug marks and fecal pellets for some species.
Population density is influenced by birth/death rates, resource availability, and competition.
Population growth is affected by factors like limited resources, which can result in logistic rather than exponential growth patterns.
Populations can reach enormous densities in a short time under unlimited resources.

Population Interactions

Different species may have mutualistic, competitive, parasitic, and commensal relationships
Interspecific interactions (between species) can be beneficial, detrimental, or neutral
Predation, parasitism, and commensalism involve close interactions
Competition may occur between related species or less related or even between different species as competition is not always between similar species; competition can also occur even when resources are abundant.

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Test your knowledge on population dynamics with this quiz that covers topics such as birth rates, sex ratios, age distribution shapes, and death rates. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the concepts of ecology and population studies.

NCERT - ORGANISMS & POPULATIONS - 24-25

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Questions and Answers

What is the birth rate calculated for the lotus plants in the pond?

A sex ratio of 60% females and 40% males indicates a balanced population.

What is the term used to describe the shape that represents the age distribution of a population?

The death rate in a laboratory population of fruitflies is calculated as _____ individuals per fruitfly per week.

Match the terms with their definitions:

What was the primary field of study for Ramdeo Misra?

Ramdeo Misra was born in 1910.

What prestigious award did Ramdeo Misra receive for his contributions to environmental and ecological studies?

Ramdeo Misra established the Department of Botany at ______ University.

Match the following events or contributions with their descriptions:

What type of questions seek the significance of a process?

Misra’s research did not significantly contribute to understanding tropical ecosystems.

In which year did Ramdeo Misra obtain his Ph.D. in Ecology?

Which of the following best describes a population in ecological studies?

Population ecology is solely concerned with the study of individual organisms.

What does interbreeding imply in the context of population ecology?

A population has specific birth rates and death rates expressed in terms of _______.

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Which of the following examples correctly represents a population?

Population levels are not relevant to the study of ecology.

Name one factor that defines a population in ecological terms.

What is population ecology primarily linked to?

An isolated individual of a species is considered a population in ecological studies.

List one example of a population found in nature.

Natural selection operates primarily at the __________ level.

Match the following attributes with their definitions:

Which attribute is NOT typically associated with a population?

The presence of only one type of flower in a garden can be considered a population.

What does the term 'abiotic' refer to in ecological studies?

Which of the following contributions is attributed to Ramdeo Misra?

Ramdeo Misra's research focused solely on terrestrial ecosystems.

In which year did Ramdeo Misra establish the National Committee for Environmental Planning and Coordination?

Ramdeo Misra was born on _____ August 1908.

Match Ramdeo Misra's contributions with their descriptions:

What was a significant outcome of the efforts of Ramdeo Misra?

The 'how-type' questions in biology seek to understand the mechanisms of processes.

Who was Ramdeo Misra's Ph.D. supervisor?

Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as an attribute characteristic of a population?

An age pyramid represents the age distribution and growth status of a population.

What term describes the ratio of males to females in a population?

The birth rate for the lotus plants in the pond is calculated as _____ offspring per lotus per year.

What does the shape of an age pyramid indicate about a population?

A higher death rate in a population indicates better survival conditions.

Define the term 'sex ratio' in the context of a population.

The current population of lotus plants in the pond is _____ after the addition of new plants.

Match the terms with their corresponding definitions:

What significant committee was established by the Government of India due to Ramdeo Misra's efforts?

Ramdeo Misra was awarded the Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology.

What year did Ramdeo Misra obtain his Ph.D. in Ecology?

Ramdeo Misra is often referred to as the Father of __________ in India.

Which of the following concepts does 'how-type' questions in biology explore?

Match the following contributions of Ramdeo Misra with their significance:

Ramdeo Misra's research focused only on temperate ecosystems.

What is a key characteristic of a population in ecological studies?

A population can consist of individuals from asexual reproduction.

What two factors are expressed in terms of change in population numbers?

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

Why is population ecology considered significant?

In ecological terms, a single isolated individual qualifies as a population.

What does the shape of an age pyramid reflect about a population?

A population's sex ratio indicates the proportion of different genders within it.

What is the birth rate of the lotus plants per year as calculated from the given data?

In a population of 40 fruitflies, a death rate of _____ individuals per fruitfly per week was observed.

Match the following population attributes with their definitions:

An individual organism can be considered a population in ecological studies.

Natural selection primarily operates at the __________ level.

Match the following ecological terms with their definitions:

Population ecology is closely linked to population genetics and evolution.

List one population attribute that differs from individual attributes.

What role did Ramdeo Misra play in the field of ecology in India?

Ramdeo Misra received the Sanjay Gandhi Award in Environment and Ecology.

Which university did Ramdeo Misra attend for his Ph.D. in Ecology?

What was a significant outcome of Ramdeo Misra's work in ecological education?

Ramdeo Misra's research primarily focused on temperate ecosystems.

The Government of India established the Ministry of Environment and Forests in _____ as a result of Ramdeo Misra's contributions.

What does the sex ratio in a population represent?

The sex ratio that indicates a balanced population is _ percent females and _ percent males.