geo week 3

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Questions and Answers

What does one dot represent in a dot map visualizing population distribution?

1 billion people

100,000 people (correct)

1 million people

10,000 people

Which country surpassed China in population in 2022?

India (correct)

Indonesia

Brazil

United States

What is the formula for calculating population density?

Land area/population growth rate

Total population + land area

Total population/land area in square kms (correct)

Total area/total population

Which of the following Canadian provinces has the highest population density as of 2021?

Ontario Signup and view all the answers

As of 2021, which country has the lowest population density among the following?

Mongolia Signup and view all the answers

What is the population density of Canada in 2021?

4.4/km2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following locations has the highest reported population density?

Macau (China) Signup and view all the answers

What phrase describes the region around Washington D.C. in relation to population density?

Megalopolis Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary factor that contributes to population growth in a region?

Natural increase Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT typically associated with populations on the periphery?

Stable growth rates Signup and view all the answers

How is the Rate of Natural Increase (RNI) calculated?

Crude birth rate - crude death rate Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by a population pyramid that has a wide base?

High growth rates Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the characteristics of populations in the core?

Low birth rates and longer life expectancies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common characteristic of the population composition in urban areas?

High percentage of immigrants Signup and view all the answers

What does the crude birth rate measure?

Live births per 1000 individuals in a given year Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can lead to a decline in a population's growth rate?

Increased death rates Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the process when refugees return to their home country?

Repatriation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a push factor influencing migration?

Job opportunities Signup and view all the answers

Which migration phenomenon involves the establishment of networks that facilitate further movement of migrants?

Chain Migration Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant push factor behind the Irish migration to North America in the 1840s?

Failed potato crop Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when a migrant is deported?

They are forced to return to their home country Signup and view all the answers

Which event in 1947 caused significant migration due to newly drawn national borders?

Partition of British India Signup and view all the answers

What are pull factors primarily characterized by?

Positive perceptions and opportunities Signup and view all the answers

In the context of migration, which of the following best describes 'demand for work'?

A motivator for immigrants seeking employment Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of replacement level in terms of fertility?

The average number of children per woman needed to maintain population size Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors has contributed to the declining fertility rates in Canada?

Higher education levels among women Signup and view all the answers

How is mortality rate defined?

The number of deaths in a year per 1000 people Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of restrictive population policies?

To reduce the rate of natural increase Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant impact of the One-Child Policy in China since its implementation in 1979?

A reduction in the overall population growth rate Signup and view all the answers

What does net migration represent?

The difference between immigration and emigration Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes temporary foreign workers?

They can only work for one specified employer. Signup and view all the answers

Which concept refers to the permanent relocation of individuals or groups across significant distances?

Transnational migration Signup and view all the answers

Which country is NOT mentioned as one of the highest receivers of remittances?

Brazil Signup and view all the answers

What does the term natural increase refer to?

The difference between birth rates and death rates in a population Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following measures is typically used to describe infant mortality?

Number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births Signup and view all the answers

According to the United Nations’ Convention, what qualifies someone as a refugee?

An individual fearing persecution based on race, religion, or political opinion. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of forced migration?

It occurs when authority is used to compel individuals to move. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines 'remittance'?

Money sent back home by migrant workers Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between net migration and total population increase?

Total population increase includes both natural increase and net migration. Signup and view all the answers

What motivates geographers to study migration?

The changes in people, places, and landscapes due to migration Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Population Density

Dot Map: Visualizes population distribution where each dot represents a specific number of people.
Population Density: Measured as total population divided by land area.
Examples of Low Population Density: Canada (4.35/km2), Mongolia (2.1), Australia (3.3)
Examples of High Population Density: Bangladesh (1200/km2), Macau (China) (21000)
Megalopolis: An urban area formed by the coalescence of several metropolitan areas, examples include the Washington D.C. to Boston corridor in the US.

Population Composition

Population Pyramid: A graphic representation showing the age and sex composition of a population.
Core Characteristics: Low/stable growth rates, low birth rates, low mortality rates, longer life expectancies.
Periphery Characteristics: High growth rates, high birth rates, high mortality rates, and low life expectancies.

Population Growth

Rate of Natural Increase (RNI): Calculated by subtracting the number of deaths from the number of births over a specific period.
Crude Birth Rate: Number of live births per 1000 people in a given year.
Crude Death Rate: Number of deaths per 1000 people in a given year.
Fertility Rate: Average number of births per woman of childbearing age.
Replacement Level: The level of fertility required for a population to replace itself, typically around 2.1 children per woman.

Declining Fertility Rates

Factors contributing to declining fertility rates: Increasing female labor force participation, higher education levels among women leading to later marriages, and family planning.

Health and Population Dynamics

Mortality Rate: Number of deaths in a year per 1000 people.
Infant Mortality: Number of babies dying within their first year of life, usually per 1000.
Life Expectancy: The average number of years a person is expected to live.

Geographies of Disease

Factors influencing disease: Examples include the predicted population for 2035 in South Africa with and without AIDS.

Population and Government

Restrictive Population Policies: Designed to lower the rate of natural increase.
One-Child Policy: Introduced by the Chinese government in 1979 to slow population growth.
Expansive Population Policies: Government policies that encourage large families and promote population growth.

Migration

Migration: The movement of people resulting in the permanent relocation across significant distances.
Transnational Migration: Migration across international borders.
Emigration: Movement of people out of a country.
Immigration: Movement of people into a country.
Net Migration: Difference between immigration and emigration.
Migrant: A person born in a country other than where they currently reside.
Temporary Foreign Workers/Guest Workers: Individuals permitted to work in a country where they do not have permanent residence, subject to restricted rights and potential deportation.
Remittances: Money sent back home by migrant workers.

Refugees

Refugees: According to the UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, they are individuals with well-founded fears of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular group, or political opinion seeking protection in another state.
Asylum: The grant of shelter and protection to refugees.

Reasons for Migration

Push Factors: Conditions that motivate people to leave a place, including unemployment, high cost of living, personal safety concerns, natural disasters, and climate change.
Political Circumstances: Examples include the civil war in Sudan that displaced millions of people.
Armed Conflict and War: Instances like the conflict between Hutu and Tutsi ethnic groups in Rwanda, causing over 1 million refugees.
Environmental Conditions: The Irish Potato Famine in the 1840s and volcanic eruptions in Montserrat in 1995 leading to large migrations.
Culture and Traditions: The partition of British India in 1947 led to significant migrations based on religious affiliations.
Pull Factors: Conditions that attract migrants to a location, such as positive perceptions of destinations, kinship connections, opportunities, and freedom.
Demand for Work: Examples include women from the Philippines working in childcare and domestic work.

Chain Migration and Kinship Links

Chain Migration: The concept that the migration of an individual or family can create easier pathways for others to follow.

Government and Migration

Deportation: The removal of migrants living illegally in a country.
Border Walls: Examples include the wall built between the US and Mexico.

Politics of Immigration

Immigration Policies: Government policies that control and regulate international migration.

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Description

Test your knowledge on population density, growth rates, and demographic characteristics. This quiz covers key concepts such as population pyramids, megalopolises, and examples of varying population densities across countries. Dive into the statistics and understand the implications of population distribution.