DR5 The Gluteal Region

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Which muscle is the most superficial of the gluteal muscles?

Piriformis

Gluteus minimus

Gluteus medius

Gluteus maximus (correct)

What movements does the gluteus maximus perform?

Extension and lateral rotation of the hip joint (correct)

Flexion and medial rotation of the hip joint

Flexion and adduction of the hip joint

Extension and medial rotation of the hip joint

What is the main function of the iliotibial tract?

To assist in knee flexion

To assist in hip flexion

To help stabilize the knee when standing (correct)

To help stabilize the hip joint

Which muscle lies deep to the gluteus maximus?

Gluteus medius Signup and view all the answers

What movements do the gluteus medius and minimus perform?

Abduction and medial rotation of the hip joint Signup and view all the answers

What bony feature does the gluteus maximus insert into?

Greater trochanter Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle prevents the patella from being pulled laterally during contraction of the quadriceps?

Vastus medialis Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of the iliopsoas muscle?

To flex the hip joint and flex the trunk Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies the pectineus muscle?

Femoral nerve Signup and view all the answers

What are the actions of the pectineus, adductor longus, and adductor brevis muscles?

Hip adduction and hip flexion Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the adductor magnus muscle?

Ischial tuberosity Signup and view all the answers

What are the actions of the adductor magnus muscle?

Hip adduction and hip extension Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for laterally rotating the thigh at the hip joint?

Piriformis Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve can be seen passing below the piriformis muscle?

Sciatic nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are affected in a posterior hip dislocation, resulting in weakness of dorsiflexion?

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and extensor hallucis longus Signup and view all the answers

What movements do the hamstrings perform?

Extend the thigh and flex the knee joint Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies the hamstrings?

Tibial component of the sciatic nerve Signup and view all the answers

What are the superior boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

Semitendinosus and semimembranosus Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is adjacent to the popliteal aneurysm in the case described?

Tibial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Where should you look for cutaneous sensory changes in the case described?

Plantar surface of the foot Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament reinforces the hip joint capsule anteriorly?

Iliofemoral ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle tightens the iliotibial tract and helps stabilize the knee when standing?

Tensor fascia lata Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is the longest muscle in the body?

Sartorius Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the patella?

To prevent shearing of the quadriceps tendon against the underlying bone Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels pass through the adductor hiatus to enter the popliteal fossa?

Femoral vessels Signup and view all the answers

What are the actions of the gracilis muscle?

Adducts the hip joint and flexes the knee joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the nerve supply to the hamstring portion of adductor magnus?