Polysaccharides
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main types of macromolecules?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic acids (correct)
  • Proteins

    • What is the most common form of lipids?

  • Cholesterol
  • Phospholipids
  • Triglycerides (correct)
  • Steroids

    • How many levels of structure do proteins have?

  • Four (correct)
  • Two
  • One
  • Three

    • Which of the following is an example of a protein with four peptide chains?

    <p>Hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hemoglobin?

    <p>Transporting oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

    <p>Glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a structural component of carbohydrates found in plants?

    <p>Starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about lipids?

    <p>They are larger and more complex than carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of phospholipids?

    <p>Structural component of cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about proteins?

    <p>They are composed of polymers called polypeptides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which macromolecule is used for energy storage and structural support?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lipid is the most common and is made up of three fatty acids and a glycerol molecule?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of macromolecule is made up of amino acids and is used for structural support, movement, and enzymatic activity?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a protein loses its shape and function due to changes in pH or temperature?

    <p>Denaturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nucleic acid is double-stranded and stores genetic information?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about peptides?

    <p>Peptides are made up of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the function of a protein?

    <p>The shape and size of the protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of protein structure is responsible for the overall 3D shape of the protein?

    <p>Tertiary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure of a protein?

    <p>The linear sequence of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of how a slight change in amino acids can affect the function of a protein?

    <p>Hemoglobin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which elements attach to carbon through covalent bonds to form the primary framework for molecules?

    <p>Oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are hydrocarbons formed by?

    <p>Covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are isomers?

    <p>Molecules with the same molecular or variable formulas but constructed in different ways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are disaccharides formed by?

    <p>Linking two monosaccharides through dehydration synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polysaccharides used for in animals and plants?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about RNA and DNA?

    <p>RNA has thymine while DNA has uracil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were awarded the Nobel Prize for determining the structure of DNA?

    <p>James Watson and Francis Crick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of RNA?

    <p>RNA translates genetic information from DNA into proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mutations in DNA affect proteins?

    <p>Mutations in DNA can affect the structure and function of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding molecular complexity important?

    <p>Understanding molecular complexity is crucial for understanding molecular pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about isomers?

    <p>They have the same chemical formula but different structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids?

    <p>Enzymatic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about denaturation?

    <p>It occurs when a protein loses its shape and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the four main types of macromolecules?

    <p>Nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements attach to carbon through covalent bonds to form the primary framework for molecules?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the primary structure of proteins?

    <p>It is the linear sequence of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of hemoglobin?

    <p>To transport oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about sickle cell anemia?

    <p>It is caused by a change in the primary structure of hemoglobin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common form of lipids?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nucleic acids?

    <p>To store information for cell growth and reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of monosaccharide?

    <p>Sucrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in organisms?

    <p>Enzymatic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between structural isomers and stereoisomers?

    <p>Structural isomers have the same chemical formula but differ in structure, while stereoisomers differ in orientation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are disaccharides formed by?

    <p>Linking two monosaccharides through dehydration synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a structural component of carbohydrates?

    <p>Glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the difference between RNA and DNA?

    <p>DNA is a single helix and translates genetic information from RNA into proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were awarded the Nobel Prize for determining the structure of DNA?

    <p>James Watson and Francis Crick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of RNA?

    <p>RNA translates genetic information from DNA into proteins, which are vital to cell function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mutations in DNA affect proteins?

    <p>Mutations in DNA can change the structure and function of proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding molecular complexity important?

    <p>Molecular complexity is directly related to molecular function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about polysaccharides?

    <p>Polysaccharides are used for energy storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about lipids?

    <p>Lipids are smaller and simpler than carbohydrates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about triglycerides?

    <p>Triglycerides have three fatty acids, a carboxyl group, and a glycerol group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about phospholipids?

    <p>Phospholipids are important for the structure of cell membranes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about steroids?

    <p>Cholesterol is a well-known steroid that is required to make sex hormones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of macromolecule?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about lipids is correct?

    <p>Lipids can form cell membranes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about proteins?

    <p>Proteins are made up of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of protein structure is responsible for the overall 3D shape of the protein?

    <p>Tertiary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of RNA?

    <p>RNA translates genetic information from DNA into proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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