Polysaccharides

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main types of macromolecules?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic acids (correct)
  • Proteins

What is the most common form of lipids?

  • Cholesterol
  • Phospholipids
  • Triglycerides (correct)
  • Steroids

How many levels of structure do proteins have?

  • Four (correct)
  • Two
  • One
  • Three

Which of the following is an example of a protein with four peptide chains?

<p>Hemoglobin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hemoglobin?

<p>Transporting oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

<p>Glycogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a structural component of carbohydrates found in plants?

<p>Starch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about lipids?

<p>They are larger and more complex than carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids?

<p>Structural component of cell membranes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about proteins?

<p>They are composed of polymers called polypeptides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which macromolecule is used for energy storage and structural support?

<p>Carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lipid is the most common and is made up of three fatty acids and a glycerol molecule?

<p>Triglycerides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of macromolecule is made up of amino acids and is used for structural support, movement, and enzymatic activity?

<p>Proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a protein loses its shape and function due to changes in pH or temperature?

<p>Denaturation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nucleic acid is double-stranded and stores genetic information?

<p>DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about peptides?

<p>Peptides are made up of amino acids. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the function of a protein?

<p>The shape and size of the protein. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of protein structure is responsible for the overall 3D shape of the protein?

<p>Tertiary structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of a protein?

<p>The linear sequence of amino acids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of how a slight change in amino acids can affect the function of a protein?

<p>Hemoglobin production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which elements attach to carbon through covalent bonds to form the primary framework for molecules?

<p>Oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and hydrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are hydrocarbons formed by?

<p>Covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are isomers?

<p>Molecules with the same molecular or variable formulas but constructed in different ways (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are disaccharides formed by?

<p>Linking two monosaccharides through dehydration synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are polysaccharides used for in animals and plants?

<p>Energy storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about RNA and DNA?

<p>RNA has thymine while DNA has uracil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were awarded the Nobel Prize for determining the structure of DNA?

<p>James Watson and Francis Crick (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA?

<p>RNA translates genetic information from DNA into proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mutations in DNA affect proteins?

<p>Mutations in DNA can affect the structure and function of proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding molecular complexity important?

<p>Understanding molecular complexity is crucial for understanding molecular pathways (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about isomers?

<p>They have the same chemical formula but different structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids?

<p>Enzymatic activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about denaturation?

<p>It occurs when a protein loses its shape and function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main types of macromolecules?

<p>Nucleic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements attach to carbon through covalent bonds to form the primary framework for molecules?

<p>Hydrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the primary structure of proteins?

<p>It is the linear sequence of amino acids. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hemoglobin?

<p>To transport oxygen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about sickle cell anemia?

<p>It is caused by a change in the primary structure of hemoglobin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form of lipids?

<p>Triglycerides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nucleic acids?

<p>To store information for cell growth and reproduction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of monosaccharide?

<p>Sucrose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in organisms?

<p>Enzymatic activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between structural isomers and stereoisomers?

<p>Structural isomers have the same chemical formula but differ in structure, while stereoisomers differ in orientation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are disaccharides formed by?

<p>Linking two monosaccharides through dehydration synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a structural component of carbohydrates?

<p>Glycogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the difference between RNA and DNA?

<p>DNA is a single helix and translates genetic information from RNA into proteins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were awarded the Nobel Prize for determining the structure of DNA?

<p>James Watson and Francis Crick (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA?

<p>RNA translates genetic information from DNA into proteins, which are vital to cell function. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mutations in DNA affect proteins?

<p>Mutations in DNA can change the structure and function of proteins. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding molecular complexity important?

<p>Molecular complexity is directly related to molecular function. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about polysaccharides?

<p>Polysaccharides are used for energy storage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about lipids?

<p>Lipids are smaller and simpler than carbohydrates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about triglycerides?

<p>Triglycerides have three fatty acids, a carboxyl group, and a glycerol group. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about phospholipids?

<p>Phospholipids are important for the structure of cell membranes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about steroids?

<p>Cholesterol is a well-known steroid that is required to make sex hormones. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of macromolecule?

<p>Carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about lipids is correct?

<p>Lipids can form cell membranes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about proteins?

<p>Proteins are made up of amino acids. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of protein structure is responsible for the overall 3D shape of the protein?

<p>Tertiary structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA?

<p>RNA translates genetic information from DNA into proteins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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