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Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of dialysis patients have Polycystic Kidney Disease?

10 to 12%

3 to 5%

6 to 8% (correct)

15 to 18%

What is the effect of the defect in polycystin-1 or polycystin-2 in Polycystic Kidney Disease?

No effect on kidney function

Reduced fluid retention and smaller cysts

Increased kidney function

Fluid retention and cyst formation (correct)

What is a risk factor for Chronic Renal Failure?

Family history (correct)

Age < 40 years

Race other than African American

Lack of atherosclerosis

What is the percentage of normal GFR associated with End-Stage Renal Failure?

10% or less Signup and view all the answers

Why do symptoms of renal failure not appear until 75% or greater of renal function is lost?

The kidneys have a large reserve capacity Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a decline in GFR to about 25% of normal?

Renal Insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for kidney damage caused by a marked decrease in renal blood flow?

Prerenal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for acute renal dysfunction?

Regular Exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the main product of protein breakdown in the diet?

Urea nitrogen (BUN) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for kidney damage caused by obstruction of urine outflow from the kidney?

Postrenal Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients with acute renal dysfunction have more than one risk factor?

62% Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible indicator of kidney function?

Creatinine level in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible cause of prerenal dysfunction?

Hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of oliguria?

Ischemia to the kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible cause of postrenal dysfunction?

Prostate enlargement Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible effect of uncontrolled diabetes on kidney disease?

It accelerates kidney disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of hydronephrosis?

Toxicity to nephron cells Signup and view all the answers