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Questions and Answers
The ion with one more oxygen than 'ate' is called 'per-______'.
The ion with one more oxygen than 'ate' is called 'per-______'.
ate
The ion CO32- is known as ______.
The ion CO32- is known as ______.
carbonate
The ion SO42- is referred to as ______.
The ion SO42- is referred to as ______.
sulfate
The ion ClO-1 is known as ______.
The ion ClO-1 is known as ______.
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The name for NH4+1 is ______.
The name for NH4+1 is ______.
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Match the polyatomic ions with their corresponding names:
Match the polyatomic ions with their corresponding names:
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Match the polyatomic ions with their respective definitions:
Match the polyatomic ions with their respective definitions:
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Match the name of the ion with its formula:
Match the name of the ion with its formula:
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Match the polyatomic ion category with appropriate examples:
Match the polyatomic ion category with appropriate examples:
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Match the polyatomic ions with their respective charges:
Match the polyatomic ions with their respective charges:
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Study Notes
Polyatomic Ions
- Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that carry a charge.
- The charge of a polyatomic ion is determined by the number of electrons lost or gained by the atoms in the group.
Common Polyatomic Ions
- The most common polyatomic ions are those containing oxygen and a nonmetal atom.
- The names of these ions follow a predictable pattern, with the suffix "-ate" or "-ite" being used to indicate the number of oxygen atoms.
- "Per-ate" ions have one more oxygen atom than the "ate" ion.
- "Hypo-ite" ions have two fewer oxygen atoms than the "ate" ion.
Sulfate and Sulfite
- "Sulfate" is the most common form of the SO4 ions.
- "Sulfite" is the form of SO4 ions with one fewer oxygen.
Phosphate and Phosphite
- "Phosphate" is the most common form of the PO4 ions.
- "Phosphite" is the form of PO4 ions with one fewer oxygen.
Other Polyatomic Ions
- "Permanganate" is MnO4-1
- "Acetate" is C2H3O2-1
- "Hydrogen carbonate" (also known as "bicarbonate") is HCO3-1
- "Dichromate" is Cr2O72-
- "Hydroxide" is OH-1
- "Cyanide" is CN-1
- "Ammonium" is NH4+1
Memorizing Polyatomic Ions
- There are helpful resources available to help memorize polyatomic ions.
Polyatomic Ions
- Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that act as a single charged unit.
- Polyatomic ions are common in chemistry and have specific names and formulas.
- The names of polyatomic ions are often based on their chemical composition, with prefixes and suffixes indicating the number of oxygen atoms present.
- "Per-ate" ions have one more oxygen atom than "ate" ions.
- "Ite" ions have one less oxygen atom than "ate" ions.
- "Hypo-ite" ions have two less oxygen atoms than "ate" ions.
- The most common form of a polyatomic ion is typically the "ate" form.
- Common examples of polyatomic ions include:
- Nitrate (NO3-1)
- Carbonate (CO32-)
- Phosphate (PO43-)
- Sulfate (SO42-)
- Ammonium (NH4+1)
- Hydroxide (OH-1)
- Cyanide (CN-1)
- Acetate (C2H3O2-1)
- Permanganate (MnO4-1)
- Dichromate (Cr2O72-)
- Hydrogen carbonate (or bicarbonate) (HCO3-1)
- The charge of a polyatomic ion can be indicated before or after the number, as long as the sign is included.
- For polyatomic ions with a charge of +1 or -1, the number 1 can be omitted, but the sign must still be present.
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