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Questions and Answers
What is the correct formula for Copper (II) Bromite?
What is the correct formula for Copper (II) Bromite?
- CuBr2
- CuBr(OH)
- Cu(BrO)2 (correct)
- Cu(BrO2)2
Which prefix indicates a molecule containing six water molecules when naming a hydrate?
Which prefix indicates a molecule containing six water molecules when naming a hydrate?
- Penta-
- Hexa- (correct)
- Tetra-
- Octa-
Which of the following compounds represents a binary covalent compound?
Which of the following compounds represents a binary covalent compound?
- NaOH
- CaCO3
- MgCl2
- SO2 (correct)
In the naming of the compound N2O4, which prefix is used for the first element?
In the naming of the compound N2O4, which prefix is used for the first element?
What is the correct name for the compound H2SO3?
What is the correct name for the compound H2SO3?
Which polyatomic ion is associated with the formula ClO3?
Which polyatomic ion is associated with the formula ClO3?
What is the prefix used in the name of a chemical compound containing four atoms of the second element?
What is the prefix used in the name of a chemical compound containing four atoms of the second element?
Which of the following is a correctly named ionic compound containing a multivalent metal?
Which of the following is a correctly named ionic compound containing a multivalent metal?
Which compound is correctly represented as having 5 water molecules and includes the correct prefix in its name?
Which compound is correctly represented as having 5 water molecules and includes the correct prefix in its name?
Which of these represents the highest bonding capacity for a non-metal atom?
Which of these represents the highest bonding capacity for a non-metal atom?
What is the formula for water?
What is the formula for water?
Which element typically comes first in the formula of an ionic compound?
Which element typically comes first in the formula of an ionic compound?
What does the valence number indicate about an element?
What does the valence number indicate about an element?
In a covalent compound, what does the formula represent?
In a covalent compound, what does the formula represent?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the bonding capacity of an element?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the bonding capacity of an element?
What information can be derived from the formula MgO?
What information can be derived from the formula MgO?
What role does the periodic table play in determining valence numbers?
What role does the periodic table play in determining valence numbers?
What is the defining characteristic of polyatomic ions?
What is the defining characteristic of polyatomic ions?
Which of the following formulas corresponds to a compound containing a polyatomic ion?
Which of the following formulas corresponds to a compound containing a polyatomic ion?
What characteristic of transition metals affects their valence numbers?
What characteristic of transition metals affects their valence numbers?
How should a name for an ionic compound with a multivalent metal be structured?
How should a name for an ionic compound with a multivalent metal be structured?
In writing the formula for Calcium Fluoride, what is the correct approach to finding the final formula?
In writing the formula for Calcium Fluoride, what is the correct approach to finding the final formula?
What does the 'ous' and 'ic' naming system refer to?
What does the 'ous' and 'ic' naming system refer to?
How is a binary acid named according to the guidelines provided?
How is a binary acid named according to the guidelines provided?
Which ionic compound is represented correctly with its Roman numeral for a multivalent metal?
Which ionic compound is represented correctly with its Roman numeral for a multivalent metal?
Which of the following correctly identifies the absolute values of valences used in writing formulas for ionic compounds?
Which of the following correctly identifies the absolute values of valences used in writing formulas for ionic compounds?
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Study Notes
Polyatomic Ions
- Polyatomic ions are charged entities consisting of multiple atoms.
- The overall charge is present, not on each individual atom (e.g., PO4^3-).
Nomenclature of Ionic Compounds
- Two types of chemicals to name: ionic and covalent.
- To write formulas:
- Write symbols of elements/ions with their valences.
- Cross down valence numbers and factor if possible.
- Examples include Calcium Fluoride and Zinc Sulfide.
- Naming ionic compounds:
- First element's name is written; check for multiple valences.
- Add Roman numeral for valence if more than one.
- Second element’s name ends in "ide".
OUS/IC Naming System
- An older system primarily for multivalent metals.
- Higher valence uses "ic" ending; lower valence uses "ous" ending.
- Examples include Stannic Chloride and Mercurous Nitride.
Nomenclature of Acids
- Binary acids: Use "hydro" prefix and "ic acid" ending (e.g., HCl).
- Oxy acids: Named based on their radicals, includes examples like Hypoiodous acid and Sulphuric acid.
Oxy Acid Radicals
- Important radicals include:
- Copper (II) Bromite
- Magnesium Hypobromite
- Strontium Perchlorate
- Manganese (II) Persulfate
Hydrates
- Naming hydrates includes naming the compound followed by a prefix indicating the number of water molecules, plus "hydrate" (e.g., CuSO4·5H2O).
- Practice examples: Mg3(PO4)2·7H2O and KNO3·3H2O.
Covalent Nomenclature
- Prefixes to memorize: mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-.
- To write formulas, follow a similar pattern to ionic but using prefixes for quantities (e.g., Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen trihydride).
- For naming, use prefixes for both non-metals.
Chemical Formulas
- Provide essential information about composition and count of each element in a compound.
- The order of elements reflects electronegativity, with less electronegative elements coming first.
Bonding Capacity and Valence Numbers
- Each element has a bonding capacity indicating how it combines with other atoms.
- Valence numbers from the periodic table help predict bonding behavior.
- Transition metals often display variable valence due to complex electron configurations.
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