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Polyatomic Ions Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following polyatomic ions has a positive charge?

NH₄⁺ (correct)

CN⁻

OH⁻

SO₄²⁻

What is the relationship between the sulfate ion (SO₄²⁻) and the sulfite ion (SO₃²⁻)?

Sulfate has one less oxygen than sulfite.

Sulfite has two more oxygen atoms than sulfate.

Sulfate has one more oxygen atom than sulfite. (correct)

They are identical in terms of their composition.

Which of the following pairs of ions differs by the presence of a hydrogen atom?

NO₃⁻ and NO₂⁻

CO₃²⁻ and HCO₃⁻ (correct)

ClO₃⁻ and ClO₂⁻

PO₄³⁻ and HPO₄²⁻

Which of the following endings is NOT commonly associated with negatively charged polyatomic ions?

<p>-ium</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a polyatomic ion has a charge of -3, which of the following could possibly be its name?

<p>Phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Polyatomic Ions

Most polyatomic ions have a negative charge, ranging from -1 to -3.
Two exceptions are ammonium (NH₄⁺) and hydronium (H₃O⁺), which are positively charged.
Two polyatomic ions, hydroxide (OH⁻) and cyanide (CN⁻), end in "-ide."
The remaining polyatomic ions end in either "-ate" or "-ite."
Some polyatomic ions exist as "-ate" and "-ite" pairs, for example, sulfate (SO₄²⁻) and sulfite (SO₃²⁻).
The "-ate" ion always has one more oxygen atom than the "-ite" ion.
Both ions in an "-ate"/-"ite" pair have the same charge.
Some polyatomic ions exist as pairs where one member has an additional hydrogen atom, such as carbonate (CO₃²⁻) and hydrogen carbonate (HCO₃⁻) or bicarbonate.
The ion with the added hydrogen atom always has a charge that is one less than the other ion in the pair.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts about polyatomic ions, including their charges, naming conventions, and the differences between '-ate' and '-ite' pairs. Test your understanding of how these ions function and their various examples. Perfect for students studying chemistry at any level.