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Questions and Answers
Which of the following polyatomic ions has a positive charge?
What is the relationship between the sulfate ion (SO₄²⁻) and the sulfite ion (SO₃²⁻)?
Which of the following pairs of ions differs by the presence of a hydrogen atom?
Which of the following endings is NOT commonly associated with negatively charged polyatomic ions?
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If a polyatomic ion has a charge of -3, which of the following could possibly be its name?
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Study Notes
Polyatomic Ions
- Most polyatomic ions have a negative charge, ranging from -1 to -3.
- Two exceptions are ammonium (NH₄⁺) and hydronium (H₃O⁺), which are positively charged.
- Two polyatomic ions, hydroxide (OH⁻) and cyanide (CN⁻), end in "-ide."
- The remaining polyatomic ions end in either "-ate" or "-ite."
- Some polyatomic ions exist as "-ate" and "-ite" pairs, for example, sulfate (SO₄²⁻) and sulfite (SO₃²⁻).
- The "-ate" ion always has one more oxygen atom than the "-ite" ion.
- Both ions in an "-ate"/-"ite" pair have the same charge.
- Some polyatomic ions exist as pairs where one member has an additional hydrogen atom, such as carbonate (CO₃²⁻) and hydrogen carbonate (HCO₃⁻) or bicarbonate.
- The ion with the added hydrogen atom always has a charge that is one less than the other ion in the pair.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts about polyatomic ions, including their charges, naming conventions, and the differences between '-ate' and '-ite' pairs. Test your understanding of how these ions function and their various examples. Perfect for students studying chemistry at any level.
