Podcast
Questions and Answers
Quel pourcentage de la pollution par le CO2 est absorbé par l'océan depuis le début de l'industrialisation ?
Quel pourcentage de la pollution par le CO2 est absorbé par l'océan depuis le début de l'industrialisation ?
- 70%
- 50%
- 10%
- 30% (correct)
Quel est l'impact principal du plastique sur la vie marine ?
Quel est l'impact principal du plastique sur la vie marine ?
- Ils modifient le comportement des poissons.
- Ils augmentent la température de l'eau.
- Ils favorisent la croissance des algues.
- Ils causent des blessures physiques aux mammifères marins. (correct)
Quelle est la principale conséquence du réchauffement des océans sur les coraux ?
Quelle est la principale conséquence du réchauffement des océans sur les coraux ?
- Évaporation des algues symbiotiques.
- Augmentation de la reproduction.
- Blanchiment des coraux. (correct)
- Changement de couleur des coraux.
Qu'est-ce qui provoque l'acidification des océans ?
Qu'est-ce qui provoque l'acidification des océans ?
Quel pourcentage de la surface totale des océans est encore intact ?
Quel pourcentage de la surface totale des océans est encore intact ?
What is the main effect of ocean acidification on marine animals that create shells?
What is the main effect of ocean acidification on marine animals that create shells?
What percentage of the ocean is affected by human activities?
What percentage of the ocean is affected by human activities?
How much plastic per person is added to the ocean each year?
How much plastic per person is added to the ocean each year?
What harmful effect does increased ocean temperature have on corals?
What harmful effect does increased ocean temperature have on corals?
What happens to CO2 when it enters the ocean?
What happens to CO2 when it enters the ocean?
Flashcards
Pollution de l'océan Pacifique
Pollution de l'océan Pacifique
Une grande partie de la pollution de l'océan Pacifique est causée par les déchets plastiques et le dioxyde de carbone (CO2).
Acidification des océans
Acidification des océans
L'augmentation de CO2 dans l'atmosphère, absorbée par l'océan, provoque une augmentation de l'acidité de l'eau de mer, rendant plus difficile la formation de coquilles et de squelettes chez les animaux marins.
Blanchissement des coraux
Blanchissement des coraux
Le stress thermique causé par une augmentation de la température de l'eau de mer provoque un stress sur les algues symbiotiques des coraux, ce qui entraîne leur expulsion et le blanchissement du corail.
Déchets plastiques dans l'océan
Déchets plastiques dans l'océan
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Proportion d'océan intacte
Proportion d'océan intacte
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Ocean CO2 Absorption
Ocean CO2 Absorption
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Plastic Pollution Impact
Plastic Pollution Impact
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Ocean Warming Rate
Ocean Warming Rate
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Coral Bleaching Cause
Coral Bleaching Cause
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Ocean Acidification Process
Ocean Acidification Process
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Study Notes
Pollution of the Pacific Ocean
- Nearly 2 trillion pieces of mostly plastic trash are spread over 3.4 million km².
- 30% of ocean pollution (CO2) is absorbed since industrialization.
- Plastic pollution harms marine life (seabirds, sea turtles, seals, and fish).
- 35% of fish sampled had plastic in their stomachs.
- Humans contribute 3 kg of plastic to the ocean per year.
- Over 40% of the ocean is influenced by human activities (waste, chemicals, exploitation of resources, urbanization, and coastal modifications).
- 13% of the ocean surface remains untouched.
Coral Bleaching and Ocean Acidification
- Surface water temperature has increased by 0.9°C in 50 years.
- Current average temperature: 21.1°C (2023).
- Symbiodinium algae live in corals. Stress from heat causes their expulsion, leading to bleaching and starvation.
- Ocean acidification occurs due to increasing CO2 in the ocean from burning fossil fuels.
- CO2 mixes with ocean water to form carbonic acid, disrupting the seawater's chemical balance (more acidic, less carbonate).
- This makes it harder for marine animals to build their shells (they need carbonate).
Habitat Loss
- Coral reefs are habitats, protecting coastlines, providing homes for many species, and recreation opportunities.
- 20% of coral reefs have been lost in the last 20 years.
- 50% of Australia's Great Barrier Reef is dead or at risk due to acidification and bleaching.
- Mangroves protect coastal areas from storms. They also absorb CO2 and provide homes to fish.
- 35% of mangroves have been lost.
- Seagrass stabilizes the seabed, providing food and habitats for marine life, and absorbs CO2.
- 29% of seagrass has been lost.
Overfishing
- Percentage of fish stocks in different categories (1950 and 2014): Developing, sustainable / rebuilding, exploited, overfished / overexploited, depleted / collapsed.
- 29% of the world's fish stocks are overfished.
- 61% of the world's fish stocks are fully fished.
- Most overfishing is unregulated, illegal, and unreported.
- Future hopes lie with marine protected areas.
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