Podcast
Questions and Answers
Quel pourcentage de la pollution par le CO2 est absorbé par l'océan depuis le début de l'industrialisation ?
Quel pourcentage de la pollution par le CO2 est absorbé par l'océan depuis le début de l'industrialisation ?
Quel est l'impact principal du plastique sur la vie marine ?
Quel est l'impact principal du plastique sur la vie marine ?
Quelle est la principale conséquence du réchauffement des océans sur les coraux ?
Quelle est la principale conséquence du réchauffement des océans sur les coraux ?
Qu'est-ce qui provoque l'acidification des océans ?
Qu'est-ce qui provoque l'acidification des océans ?
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Quel pourcentage de la surface totale des océans est encore intact ?
Quel pourcentage de la surface totale des océans est encore intact ?
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What is the main effect of ocean acidification on marine animals that create shells?
What is the main effect of ocean acidification on marine animals that create shells?
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What percentage of the ocean is affected by human activities?
What percentage of the ocean is affected by human activities?
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How much plastic per person is added to the ocean each year?
How much plastic per person is added to the ocean each year?
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What harmful effect does increased ocean temperature have on corals?
What harmful effect does increased ocean temperature have on corals?
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What happens to CO2 when it enters the ocean?
What happens to CO2 when it enters the ocean?
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Study Notes
Pollution of the Pacific Ocean
- Nearly 2 trillion pieces of mostly plastic trash are spread over 3.4 million km².
- 30% of ocean pollution (CO2) is absorbed since industrialization.
- Plastic pollution harms marine life (seabirds, sea turtles, seals, and fish).
- 35% of fish sampled had plastic in their stomachs.
- Humans contribute 3 kg of plastic to the ocean per year.
- Over 40% of the ocean is influenced by human activities (waste, chemicals, exploitation of resources, urbanization, and coastal modifications).
- 13% of the ocean surface remains untouched.
Coral Bleaching and Ocean Acidification
- Surface water temperature has increased by 0.9°C in 50 years.
- Current average temperature: 21.1°C (2023).
- Symbiodinium algae live in corals. Stress from heat causes their expulsion, leading to bleaching and starvation.
- Ocean acidification occurs due to increasing CO2 in the ocean from burning fossil fuels.
- CO2 mixes with ocean water to form carbonic acid, disrupting the seawater's chemical balance (more acidic, less carbonate).
- This makes it harder for marine animals to build their shells (they need carbonate).
Habitat Loss
- Coral reefs are habitats, protecting coastlines, providing homes for many species, and recreation opportunities.
- 20% of coral reefs have been lost in the last 20 years.
- 50% of Australia's Great Barrier Reef is dead or at risk due to acidification and bleaching.
- Mangroves protect coastal areas from storms. They also absorb CO2 and provide homes to fish.
- 35% of mangroves have been lost.
- Seagrass stabilizes the seabed, providing food and habitats for marine life, and absorbs CO2.
- 29% of seagrass has been lost.
Overfishing
- Percentage of fish stocks in different categories (1950 and 2014): Developing, sustainable / rebuilding, exploited, overfished / overexploited, depleted / collapsed.
- 29% of the world's fish stocks are overfished.
- 61% of the world's fish stocks are fully fished.
- Most overfishing is unregulated, illegal, and unreported.
- Future hopes lie with marine protected areas.
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Description
Ce quiz aborde la pollution de l'océan Pacifique et l'acidification des océans. Il explore l'impact du plastique sur la vie marine et la relation entre l'augmentation de la température de l'eau et le blanchissement des coraux. Testez vos connaissances sur ces problèmes environnementaux urgents.
