Political Structure of HKSAR Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship among the three powers in the political structure of the HKSAR?

  • The judiciary is subordinate to the executive.
  • The legislature holds supremacy over the executive.
  • The three powers operate independently without any interaction.
  • There are checks and balances among the executive, legislature, and judiciary. (correct)

    • Judicial immunity means that members of the judiciary can face legal action while performing their judicial functions.

    False

    Explain the significance of judicial independence in the context of the rule of law.

    Judicial independence ensures that justice is administered fairly, without interference from external forces, thereby upholding the rule of law.

    The HKSAR is responsible for ensuring _____ among the three powers to maintain an effective governance system.

    <p>checks and balances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their definitions:

    <p>Rule of law = Principle that law applies equally to all individuals Judicial independence = Judiciary operates free of influence from other branches Law-abidingness = Adherence to the law by individuals and institutions Judicial power = Authority to interpret and apply the law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Treaty of Nanking?

    <p>It ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    China recognized the three unequal treaties regarding Hong Kong.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did China officially resume its sovereignty over Hong Kong?

    <p>July 1, 1997</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Basic Law serves as a constitutional document for the __________ Special Administrative Region.

    <p>Hong Kong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events with their corresponding significance:

    <p>Treaty of Nanking = Ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain Sino-British Joint Declaration = Agreement to exchange sovereignty for administration Basic Law = Constitutional framework for HKSAR Handover Ceremony = Official transfer of sovereignty to China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept was put forward by Deng Xiaoping for the peaceful reunification of China?

    <p>One country, two systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Basic Law was drafted without any consultation from the people of Hong Kong.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary aim of the Sino-British Joint Declaration?

    <p>To agree on the arrangements for the transfer of Hong Kong's sovereignty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key features of the Rule of Law?

    <p>Judicial independence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Equality before the law means that only certain individuals are guaranteed a fair trial.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the right of appeal ensure within the context of fair trials?

    <p>It allows individuals to contest the decisions made by a lower court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ of laws refers to the stability and flexibility needed in the legal system.

    <p>clarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects of the Rule of Law with their descriptions:

    <p>Judicial Independence = Prevents government abuse of power Equality Before the Law = Applicable to everyone Clarity of Laws = Transparent legal processes Fair Trials = Rights to defend and appeal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Rule of Law benefit Hong Kong's business environment?

    <p>Through fair and transparent legislation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The principle of presumption of innocence means that an accused person is considered innocent until proven guilty.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the independent judicial system play in protecting personal rights in Hong Kong?

    <p>It ensures fair and just hearings that protect individuals' rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for appointing the Chief Executive of the HKSAR?

    <p>The Central People's Government (CPG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Chief Executive of the HKSAR serves as the head of the Judicial Council.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main responsibilities of the Executive Council?

    <p>Assists the Chief Executive in policy making.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Chief Executive represents the HKSAR as a '_____ head.'

    <p>dual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method for the formation of the Legislative Council?

    <p>Appointment by the Chief Executive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following branches of the HKSAR government with their primary functions:

    <p>Chief Executive = Represents the HKSAR and manages executive affairs Executive Council = Assists in policy making Legislative Council = Enacts laws and approves public expenditure Judiciary = Exercises final adjudication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What powers does the Legislative Council NOT have?

    <p>Appoint the Chief Executive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who does the public servants in the HKSAR report to?

    <p>The Chief Executive and the HKSAR Government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a core element of a holistic approach to national security?

    <p>Global economic competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Secession is one of the four categories of offences included in the National Security Law.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the state as mentioned in the document?

    <p>Safeguarding national security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The National Security Law aims to protect the safety of the country and Hong Kong while maintaining _____ stability.

    <p>social</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Chief Executive = Head of government in Hong Kong Patriots administering Hong Kong = Individuals committed to upholding national security Dual head = Co-leaders in governance Executive Council = Advisory body to the Chief Executive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principle of the rule of law entail according to the National Security Law?

    <p>The presumption of innocence during judicial proceedings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The National Security Law was enacted to promote individual freedoms over state control.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List any two of the four categories of offences outlined in the National Security Law.

    <p>Terrorist activities, collusion with foreign country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary constitutional feature concerning the power of local authorities in Hong Kong?

    <p>It originates from the Central Authorities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The HKSAR has complete control over its foreign affairs and defense.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the Central Authorities and the HKSAR?

    <p>One of authorising and being authorised.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The constitutional responsibility of the HKSAR includes maintaining the prosperity and stability of _____ .

    <p>Hong Kong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following powers with their respective authorities:

    <p>Central Authorities = Declare a state of emergency HKSAR = Maintain constitutional order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document provides the legal basis for 'one country, two systems'?

    <p>The Basic Law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Constitution does not provide legislative backing for the Basic Law.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What core spirit is enshrined in the Constitution?

    <p>'One country, two systems'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Origin of the Question of Hong Kong

    • Hong Kong has been part of the territory of China since ancient times
    • First Opium War → Treaty of Nanking signed → Hong Kong Island to Britain
    • Second Opium War → Convention of Peking signed → Cession of Kowloon Peninsula to Britain
    • Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory signed → Lease of the New Territories to Britain
    • China's position on the question of Hong Kong → Not recognising the three unequal treaties

    Course of Hong Kong's Return to China

    • One country, two systems
    • Background: A concept put forward by Deng Xiaoping aiming at reunification of China → became the basic state policy for handling the questions of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan
    • Under the premise of one China, the Mainland adhered to the socialist system while Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan continue to implement their capitalist systems for a long time
    • Negotiations on the question of Hong Kong
      • China: would recover Hong Kong
      • Britain: proposed "exchanging sovereignty for administration" in 1997
    • Formulation of the Basic Law
      • Process: Basic Law Drafting Committee formed by the NPC → Basic Law drafting work completed → The NPC passed the Basic Law
      • Content: A constitutional document of the HKSAR, prescribing the systems to be practiced in the HKSAR
      • Significance: Provides legal protection for national unity and territorial integrity; becomes a model for peacefully resolving questions left over from history
    • Establishment of the HKSAR
      • Preparatory Committee for the HKSAR was formed: To carry out preparatory work for the establishment of the HKSAR, including the formation of the Selection Committee, and the first Legislative Council of the HKSAR
      • The return of Hong Kong: The handover ceremony was held on 30 June, 1997 → China officially resumed its exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong on 1 July → The HKSAR was established. The Basic Law came into effect.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the political structure of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). This quiz covers key concepts such as judicial independence, governance, and significant historical events related to Hong Kong's political framework. Gauge your understanding of important treaties and legal documents that shape HKSAR's governance.

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