Political Science vs Politics Quiz

The study of the state, its structure, and functions, differentiating it from politics (practice) and political philosophy (theory).

Buckle's assertion suggests political science isn't as advanced as other disciplines.

The state is the fundamental context and ultimate goal of political activity.

A politically organized body of people in a specific territory, possessing supreme power.

Distinguish between the state (political entity), society (human interactions), community (shared values), and government (machinery of power).

A politically organized body of people living in a defined territory, with a government and sovereignty.

A state is a political entity, while society is a broader group of people interacting based on shared culture and values.

A political system emphasizing social welfare programs and government support for citizens.

Different explanations for the formation of states, such as divine right, social contract, force theory, etc.

Philosophy suggesting people agree to form a state in exchange for protection and order.

Key features of a welfare state, including social security, healthcare, and public education.

A welfare state is a nation-state that provides social programs and services for its citizens, such as healthcare, education, and unemployment benefits, to promote social well-being and reduce inequality.

Welfare states typically have publicly funded social programs, strong social security, and extensive government support for citizens.

A secular state is one that keeps religion and politics separate, ensuring equal rights and freedoms for all citizens, regardless of their faith.

Core values of liberalism include individual rights, freedoms, and limited government intervention in the lives of citizens.

How states came to exist in India; principles behind the creation of Indian states.

Theory of the relationship between government and governed based on agreement between them.

Individual rights, limited government, free markets, and rule of law are core principles of Liberalism.

Emphasizes social justice, equal opportunity, and government intervention to address social problems.

A political ideology advocating for social ownership of the means of production while maintaining democratic processes.

Evolutionary progression from welfare capitalism to significant government intervention.

A political philosophy emphasizing individual rights, limited government, and free markets.

Democratic socialism combines democratic principles with socialist economic policies. These policies often include public ownership of essential industries, social programs, and redistribution of wealth to reduce inequality. They aim for a more equitable society, often through democratic processes.

Social democracy involves incremental reforms and gradual improvements to society, progressing towards a more equitable economic and political system. Specific stages might include specific policies or programs to achieve this goal; this could range from strengthening labor organizations to implementing social security programs to nationalizing key industries.

Fabian socialism is a socialist ideology advocating gradual and evolutionary changes to society through incremental reforms, rather than revolution, to achieve a socialist state. It often emphasized the importance of education and attracting support through public opinion.

In Marxist theory, dialectical materialism is a method of understanding historical change as the result of material conditions and class struggles. It posits that contradictions and conflict drive societal evolution.

The idea that historical change results from class struggles and material conditions, not ideas.

Marx's idea that economic forces are the primary drivers of historical change.

The difference between the value produced by labor and the wages paid to workers.

The idea that history is shaped by conflict between different social classes.

Marx's view that the state is a tool used by the ruling class to maintain its power.

A gradualist approach to socialism emphasizing reform, not revolution.

Gandhi's belief that politics should be guided by morality and spiritual values.

Gandhi's vision of a peaceful society based on cooperation and self-governance.

The difference between the value created by labor and the wages paid to workers.

The ongoing conflict between social classes due to competition for resources and power.

Marx's view on the state's role in maintaining class control.

Gandhi's approach to politics using spiritual principles and non-violence.

Gandhi's ideal state based on non-violence and righteousness.

Gandhi's focus on improving society, contrasting with a solely political approach.

Contrasting Gandhi's non-violent philosophy with Marxism's class struggle.

Power is the ability to influence or control others, resources, or events. It differs from authority in that power can be exerted through various means, not just legitimate commands.

Power comes from various sources including wealth, knowledge, social status, relationships, and physical strength.

Authority is the legitimate right to exercise power. It's based on a formal source of control, such as a position of leadership or a set of rules.

Authority can come from various legitimate sources, like laws, social norms, tradition, leadership roles, and formal positions.

Power can be used to obtain or reinforce authority. Authority, in turn, legitimizes use of power and provides it with social approval and acceptance.

Liberty is the state of being free; it implies the freedom to act without undue interference or constraint, including the relation between law and freedom.

Sovereignty is a nation-state's supreme power and authority within its own borders.

Democratic states usually guarantee freedoms of speech, assembly, religion, and the press, along with legal protections and rights.

The ability to influence or control others or events.

The legitimate right to exercise power; the accepted power to command obedience.

The theoretical right to govern, but lacking the practical means to do so.

The practical ability to govern and enforce laws.

The power given by the law to govern.

A political entity's self-governing authority within its own territory and affairs.

The principle that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people, through its elected representatives.

Power is the ability to influence or control, while authority is the legitimate right to do so; authority is power that is accepted as right.

Different ways in which power is expressed and exerted.

Different factors that give someone or a group the ability to influence.

The power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience. It's the perceived legitimacy of a position or person to command.

Authority comes from various places, including tradition, law, and the expertise of individuals. Examples include a president's powers, a religious leader's influence, or an expert's professional advice.

The state of being free from external control or interference, especially freedom of thought and action. The right to act as one pleases.

Sovereignty (supreme power) is essential for liberty. Laws are instruments to protect freedom and safeguard liberty. Freedom cannot exist without boundaries. Freedom within a framework of law enhances the true freedom of individuals.

These are the freedoms granted to individuals within a democratic framework. Examples may include freedom of speech and religion.

Liberty relies on factors like a fair legal system, limits on government power, and the protection of individual rights.

The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities.

Equality emphasizes equal treatment, while freedom focuses on personal agency. They can sometimes seem contradictory if equal outcomes are enforced, limiting individual choice. Freedom and equality are not necessarily mutually exclusive.