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Questions and Answers
What principle does Liberalism emphasize in its political ideology?
Which philosopher is known as the Father of Political Science?
What does the Social Contract Theory primarily focus on?
Which of the following best describes the view of Niccolo Machiavelli on politics?
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What aspect of human nature does Socialism emphasize?
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Which philosopher is associated with the idea that 'Every man is a social and political animal'?
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How does Liberalism view the relationship among individuals in society?
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Which of the following topics did Aristotle NOT elaborate on?
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What key concept does Thomas Hobbes introduce in his work 'Leviathan'?
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Which scholar is known for critiquing the divine right of kings?
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What is the primary argument of the social contract according to political theory?
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Which of the following concepts means 'blank slate' in reference to human development?
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What transition in political science occurred from the 19th to the 20th century?
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What does democracy mean in the context of political systems?
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What condition does the term 'government' refer to?
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Who was Walter Lippmann known as in the field of journalism?
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Study Notes
Political Science Overview
- Examines politics, power, and government within social sciences.
- Key belief in individual freedom and the importance of pluralism and diversity.
- Politics involves collective decision-making through influence and power.
Liberalism vs. Socialism
- Liberalism: Emphasizes individual freedom and respect for a variety of perspectives.
- Socialism: Views man as shaped by social forces, emphasizing cooperation and social equality.
Historical Influences on Political Science
- Roots trace back to Ancient Greek philosophers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle.
- Aristotle regarded as the father of Political Science; contributed theories on state, citizenship, and government.
- Niccolo Machiavelli's "The Prince" influenced the secularization of political theory, arguing for a pragmatic approach to governance, free from religious constraints.
- Thomas Hobbes’ "Leviathan" laid the groundwork for social contract theory, advocating for order and authority.
- John Locke's "Two Treatises of Government" debated divine right and proposed a government accountable to the people.
Key Political Concepts
- Power: Defined as the ability of one actor to make another actor comply.
- Government: Encompasses the governing process, the condition of ordered rule, and the authority figures involved.
- Democracy: Concept of rule by the people, with elected representatives making decisions on their behalf.
Evolution of Political Science
- Transitioned from ancient philosophical foundations to modern concepts of state and democracy.
- 19th century focused on state concepts; the 20th century shifted towards pluralism and diverse paradigms.
Figures in Political Science
- Aristotle: Defined humans as social and political animals; discussed ideal governance.
- Machiavelli: Advocated for pragmatic, secular political arguments.
- Hobbes: Introduced the social contract as a means of ensuring societal order.
- Locke: Established the right to revolt against failing governments.
- Walter Lippmann: Renowned commentator, contributed insights on public opinion and governance.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of Liberalism and Socialism within the realm of political science. This quiz delves into the fundamental beliefs of individual freedom, pluralism, and the study of power and government. Test your understanding of these critical political ideologies.
