Political Science Module VII: Institutions

Institutions that aid in societal advancement but operate independently from any government.

A universal cultural practice where people learn social values and behaviors.

The process of learning societal values and behaviors through interactions.

Large banks that handle a wide array of financial transactions.

Banks focused on deposit growth and limited transactions.

Small banks primarily serving rural agricultural communities.

Financial institutions that support the livelihood of workers in rural areas.

A large business legally recognized as a separate entity from its owners.

Organizations of people with shared goals, protecting workers and participating in the economy.

A union for all employment levels and types.

Unions for workers in a specific industry or trade (e.g., miners).

Unions for professional workers (e.g., teachers, nurses).

Activities aiming to change political, economic, or social issues.

Public elementary/secondary and some tertiary education is free from kindergarten to high school, in some state universities and colleges.

Education has both obvious and hidden purposes, like teaching knowledge and creating social connections.

The largest and most formal organization, an organized political entity run by a government.

The ability to influence the actions, behaviors, and decisions of another individual or entity.

Power obtained by actually using threats, coercion, or consequences to enforce actions or decisions.

Power achieved through persuasion and relationships, changing someone's decisions or behavior without any physical force.

Power derived from legitimate means, typically an election or appointment.

Power passed down through generations, often related to inherited positions and divine right.

Power based on rules, laws, and procedures, including elected offices.

Power derived from a leader's personal qualities and appeal.

The fundamental law of the Philippines, outlining the country's governance and the powers of the government branches.

The branch of government responsible for creating laws.

Governement branch that enforces laws in the Philippines

Governement branch that interprets laws in the Philippines

Bullies use hurtful words and actions, such as name-calling ('stupid', 'nerd', 'ugly'), and potentially harmful stereotypes related to teenage pregnancy and HIV/AIDS, to target victims.

This viewpoint sees education as maintaining social inequality, favoring those already in power, and promoting a status quo that benefits certain groups over others.

The set of unspoken values, beliefs, and perspectives taught in school that uphold existing social structures and inequalities.

Teachers' beliefs about a student's potential influence how they interact with and teach that student, impacting the student's performance.

Philippine educational reform extending the high school component from 10 to 12 years, changing the curriculum and adding senior high school.

The unequal treatment and opportunities in education that disadvantage some students based on factors like placement in different classes or specializations.

The way that certain qualifications or credentials (like degrees) are used to create or reinforce social hierarchies.

Education method using video conferencing and gadgets like smartphones, tablets, and laptops; relies on stable internet and may use modules.

Distance learning using printed or digital learning materials (modules) for self-study, often facilitated by radio broadcasts.

The idea that education is important for social status. College degrees are often seen as a path to better jobs.

The way people are arranged in society based on certain criteria. It is a characteristic of all societies, past and present.

Education structure changed from traditional classrooms to virtual learning spaces, requiring teachers and learners' adjustments.

Change from traditional classrooms to virtual learning environments, requiring adjustments from both teachers and students.

Shifting of functions of schools due to the new normal, with emphasis on changing roles.

Models used to describe social hierarchies based on economic, political, and social position.

A social system where social class is determined by birth and cannot be changed.

A social system where social class can be changed through personal achievement.

The ability to change social status within a society.

A social hierarchy in India based on religious beliefs and tradition, assigning individuals to specific groups.

The priestly class in the Indian caste system.

The warrior and noble class in the Indian caste system.

The merchant and landowner class in the Indian caste system.

The commoner and peasant class in the Indian caste system.

The "untouchable" class in the Indian caste system, considered outside the main social hierarchy.