Political Science: Interests and Interactions
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'Liberalism' primarily emphasize?

  • The collective interests of groups
  • The absolute authority of a monarchy
  • The supremacy of government over individuals
  • Individual freedoms and rights (correct)

    • Political Science focuses on the actual conduct of state affairs.

    False

    What is the Latin meaning of 'LIBER' in the context of Liberalism?

    A class of free man

    In Liberalism, individuals are viewed as capable of making their own ________.

    <p>choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle is NOT a foundational aspect of Liberalism?

    <p>Divine Right of Kings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Individualism = Human beings capable of making their own choices Freedom = Pursuit of personal interests and needs Reason = The ability to discern aspirations and best interests Liberalism = Ideology structured to inspire activism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who participates directly in politics according to the differences outlined?

    <p>Everyone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two contrasting areas of focus between Political Science and Politics?

    <p>The relationship of State and people vs. Daily Lives, Private/Public Spheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle of socialism focuses on the idea of equal circumstances leading to cooperation?

    <p>Social Equality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Communism advocates for the abolition of private property and the establishment of a classless society.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principle of Cooperation in socialism promote?

    <p>Concern for others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bourgeoisie and the _____ are social classes mentioned in the context of socialism.

    <p>proletariat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Populism = Politics as the expression of the general will of the people Communism = Abolition of private property Socialism = Social and economic equality Capitalism = Control of private property and profit-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a form of alienation identified in the context of Marxist tradition?

    <p>Alienation from community involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to socialism, common ownership resolves competition among individuals.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ideological divide in populism between 'pure people' and 'elite people'?

    <p>Thin centered ideology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of populism?

    <p>Reliance on strong leaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Populism claims to ensure that the interests of the elite align with those of the common people.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'General Will' refer to in the context of populism?

    <p>The capacity of people to join together into a community and enforce common interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Feminism advocates for women’s political, economical, personal, cultural, and social _____

    <p>rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Legislative branch of the Philippine Government?

    <p>Make laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following divisions of feminism with their core beliefs:

    <p>Liberal Feminism = Men and women have equal worth and rights Socialist Feminism = Inequality roots go beyond politics and laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Executive branch is responsible for declaring laws unconstitutional.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes populist leaders?

    <p>Charismatic strongmen who use simple language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Populism promotes strict legal constraints on the will of the people.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the head of the Executive branch in the Philippines?

    <p>The President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ branch can override the President's veto of a law.

    <p>Legislative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do political elites tend to favor in terms of interests?

    <p>Interests that are contrary to the people's genuine wants and needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the powers and functions to the Executive branch:

    <p>Power of Appointment = Appoints key officials Ordinance Power = Can issue executive orders Power of Eminent Domain = Acquire property for public use Power over Aliens = Regulate control of foreigners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which article pertains to the Accountability of Public Officers?

    <p>Art XI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Judicial branch is composed of the President and Congress.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the roles of the President as the Commander in Chief?

    <p>Commands the Armed Forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which constitution first established the separation of Church and State in the Philippines?

    <p>1899 Constitution (Malolos)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 1973 Constitution allowed for a parliamentary system of government with absolute power given to the President.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the preamble in the Constitution of the Philippines?

    <p>To outline the fundamental purposes and guiding principles of the Constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ Constitution is considered the first republic in Asia.

    <p>1899</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following articles of the Philippine Constitution with their corresponding content:

    <p>Art I = National Territory Art II = Declaration of Principles Art III = Bill of Rights Art IV = Citizenship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following constitutions included provisions for the conservation of resources?

    <p>1943 Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Article on Suffrage includes the right to vote.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change did the 1916 (Jones Law) introduce to the Philippine Constitution?

    <p>It introduced suffrage and a bill of rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Struggles of Interests in Individuals and Groups

    • Individuals and groups often face challenges in promoting their interests, which can lead to cooperation or conflict.
    • Political science studies the relationship between the state and its people, while politics pertains to daily life and individual activities.
    • Fewer individuals participate in political science compared to the broader population engaged in politics; political science analysis can be intricate, while political opinions tend to be more direct and fixed.
    • Political science enhances political participation by educating citizens on constitutional rights, recognizing abuses, and improving political engagement quality.

    Political Ideologies Overview

    Liberalism

    • Liberalism serves as a response to feudalism, advocating for individual freedom and a democratic state.
    • Core principles include:
      • Individualism: Emphasizes personal autonomy and decision-making.
      • Freedom: Supports the pursuit of individual interests and needs.
      • Reason: Encourages rational thought in the pursuit of aspirations.
      • Advocates for essential services such as healthcare and education.

    Socialism

    • Socialism focuses on social equality and cooperation among individuals.
    • Key components include:
      • Social Equality: Aims for equal circumstances to foster community engagement.
      • Community: Highlights bonds within social groups and individual identity.
      • Cooperation: Encourages collective interest over conflict.
      • Social Class: Seeks to bridge gaps between classes, such as the proletariat and bourgeoisie.
      • Common Ownership: Calls for shared property to reduce competition.

    Additional Political Ideologies

    Communism

    • Advocates for the abolition of private property to achieve a classless society.
    • Based on the belief that private property supports capitalism, leading to worker alienation:
      • Workers lack ownership and fulfillment in their labor.
      • Produces a cycle of alienation among workers and from personal identity.

    Populism

    • Described as an ideology that distinguishes between "pure people" and "elite," emphasizing general will.
    • Core concepts of populism include:
      • The ambiguity of "the People" and its essential connection to political mobilization.
      • Critical view of "the Elite," who pursue self-interests contrary to public needs.
      • Advocates for legislation reflecting collective interests, less hindered by elite interests.
      • Strong emphasis on charismatic populist leaders as representatives of the common person.

    Feminism

    • Pushes for recognition of women's political, economic, and social rights.
    • Divided into factions:
      • Liberal Feminism: Asserts equality between genders in rights and opportunities.
      • Socialist Feminism: Looks beyond politics to address root causes of gender inequality.

    Philippine Constitution

    • Defines citizens' rights and serves as the supreme legal framework.
    • Historical evolution includes significant milestones:
      • 1899 Constitution marked the separation of church and state.
      • 1935 Constitution introduced citizenship and sovereignty ties with the U.S.
      • Current constitution, established in 1986, emphasizes democracy and human rights.

    Structure of the Philippine Constitution

    • Preamble: Outlines foundational principles and national purposes.
    • Articles: Comprise diverse subjects, including:
      • Bill of Rights: Enshrines individual freedoms and protections.
      • Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Departments: Defines respective powers and functions.

    Philippine Government Branches

    • Checks and Balances: Essential for maintaining authority among branches.
      • Legislative can create laws but is subject to executive veto.
      • Executive can veto legislative laws, which congress can override.
      • Judicial can declare laws unconstitutional while judges are appointed by the executive.

    Executive Branch Functions

    • Head of State: Represents the Philippines internationally.
    • Chief Executive: Manages government administration.
    • Chief Diplomat: Oversees foreign relations.
    • Powers include appointment authority, issuing executive orders, and managing local governments.

    These notes cover the complexities of political interaction, ideologies shaping governance, the framework of the Philippine Constitution, and the functions of its government.

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    Description

    Explore how individuals and groups navigate the complexities of cooperation and conflict to promote their interests. This quiz examines the similarities and differences in human interactions, politics, and government. Test your understanding of concepts within political science and conflict resolution.

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