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Questions and Answers
What is the central belief of conservatism regarding change?
What is the central belief of conservatism regarding change?
Which principle is NOT associated with conservatism?
Which principle is NOT associated with conservatism?
How do conservatives generally view social problems?
How do conservatives generally view social problems?
What is the stance of conservatism on state welfare?
What is the stance of conservatism on state welfare?
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Which of the following best describes neo-conservatism?
Which of the following best describes neo-conservatism?
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What is a fundamental belief in social conservatism?
What is a fundamental belief in social conservatism?
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In conservative thought, what is the perceived effect of helping those who fail to provide for themselves?
In conservative thought, what is the perceived effect of helping those who fail to provide for themselves?
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What does the conservative perspective say about individual freedom?
What does the conservative perspective say about individual freedom?
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Which of the following is emphasized in laissez-faire policies?
Which of the following is emphasized in laissez-faire policies?
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What is the conservative view of society according to their ideology?
What is the conservative view of society according to their ideology?
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What is the primary focus of social democracy in terms of economic regulation?
What is the primary focus of social democracy in terms of economic regulation?
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How does liberalism view social problems?
How does liberalism view social problems?
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What is a key distinction between the liberal and social democratic views of social welfare?
What is a key distinction between the liberal and social democratic views of social welfare?
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Which principle is common to both liberalism and social democracy?
Which principle is common to both liberalism and social democracy?
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According to social democracy, what is the main cause of social inequality?
According to social democracy, what is the main cause of social inequality?
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What is the role of social work from a liberal perspective?
What is the role of social work from a liberal perspective?
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What distinguishes provincial tax credits in social welfare programs?
What distinguishes provincial tax credits in social welfare programs?
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What was found regarding the influence of political parties on poverty reduction from Weaver et al (2011)?
What was found regarding the influence of political parties on poverty reduction from Weaver et al (2011)?
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How does social democracy view the distribution of resources?
How does social democracy view the distribution of resources?
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What is the perspective of conservatism towards social welfare?
What is the perspective of conservatism towards social welfare?
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Which principle of social democracy emphasizes the importance of cooperation over competition?
Which principle of social democracy emphasizes the importance of cooperation over competition?
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What is the liberal perspective on the causes of social problems?
What is the liberal perspective on the causes of social problems?
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How does social democracy differ from liberalism in its view of social welfare?
How does social democracy differ from liberalism in its view of social welfare?
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Which of the following best describes the view of social welfare from a liberal perspective?
Which of the following best describes the view of social welfare from a liberal perspective?
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According to social democracy, what is a primary cause of social inequality?
According to social democracy, what is a primary cause of social inequality?
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What role does social welfare play in the context of social democracy?
What role does social welfare play in the context of social democracy?
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What aspect of society do liberals emphasize in addressing social problems?
What aspect of society do liberals emphasize in addressing social problems?
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What key principle of liberalism underpins the concept of social welfare?
What key principle of liberalism underpins the concept of social welfare?
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What is the main focus of social democratic ideology regarding the economy?
What is the main focus of social democratic ideology regarding the economy?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of provincial social welfare programs?
Which of the following is a characteristic of provincial social welfare programs?
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Which principle of conservatism emphasizes the importance of economic decisions over social priorities?
Which principle of conservatism emphasizes the importance of economic decisions over social priorities?
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What is a common belief among conservatives regarding individual failures?
What is a common belief among conservatives regarding individual failures?
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In conservative ideology, what role does the state play in social welfare?
In conservative ideology, what role does the state play in social welfare?
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Which term describes the conservative variant that seeks to reorganize rather than abolish the welfare state?
Which term describes the conservative variant that seeks to reorganize rather than abolish the welfare state?
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What does the conservative view suggest about the impact of state welfare on individual initiatives?
What does the conservative view suggest about the impact of state welfare on individual initiatives?
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What is a primary characteristic of social conservatism?
What is a primary characteristic of social conservatism?
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Which of the following statements best reflects the conservative view of society?
Which of the following statements best reflects the conservative view of society?
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In terms of privatization, how do conservatives generally view economic decisions?
In terms of privatization, how do conservatives generally view economic decisions?
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What is a significant critique of state welfare from a conservative perspective?
What is a significant critique of state welfare from a conservative perspective?
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What underlies the conservative belief in paternalism related to social problems?
What underlies the conservative belief in paternalism related to social problems?
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Study Notes
Conservatism
- Celebrates stability and tradition, distrusts sudden or rapid change
- Key principles: Laissez-faire policies, social conservatism, paternalism
- Views society as individuals with own interests, no shared society
- Holds that social problems are the result of individual failures, not societal issues
- Argues that helping those who fail discourages others from providing for themselves
- Believes the role of the state is to provide a minimal safety net, not interfere with individual freedom
Neo-Conservatism
- Variant of conservatism focusing on restructuring the welfare state
- Key principles: workfare and paternalism
- Aims to encourage private solutions for social problems
Liberalism
- Employs a favorable view of human nature, viewing individuals as moral and rational
- Key principles: freedom, equality of opportunity, collectivism
- Views social problems as resulting from imperfections in capitalism
- Sees society as a complexity of interdependent systems and individuals
Social Democracy
- Emphasizes social and economic collectivism, promoting equality through democratic participation and economic regulation.
- Key principles: collectivism, democratic participation, regulation of the economy
- Sees social inequality as a consequence of coercive institutions favoring the dominant group
- Considers social problems as a normal consequence of societal organization
Comparison of Ideologies
- Conservatism views society as individuals with own interests, sees social problems as individual failures, and believes in a minimal safety net.
- Neo-Conservatism focuses on restructuring the welfare state by encouraging private solutions.
- Liberalism views society as interdependent, sees social problems as flaws in capitalism, and sees social welfare as a tool for correction.
- Social Democracy emphasizes collectivism, views social problems as stemming from coercive institutions, and believes social welfare should meet the needs of all.
Provincial Social Welfare Programs
- Social Assistance: Financial help for individuals in need
- Provincial Tax Credits: Tax benefits for low-income earners
- Workers' Compensation: Insurance for workplace injuries
Studies on Provincial Social Welfare Programs
- Weaver et al (2011) discovered no correlation between political party and poverty reduction
- Klassen and Buchanan (2006) found some influence of political parties, but economic conditions had a greater impact.
Conservatism 🏛️
- Celebrates stability and tradition
- Distrusts sudden or radical change
- Prefers maintaining traditional institutions and processes
Key Principles
- Laissez-faire policies: Economic decisions dominate social priorities, emphasizing balanced budgets, deregulation, privatization, private property, and devolution.
- Social conservatism: Morality and religion should be asserted against the permissiveness of modern life.
- Paternalism: Encouraging private solutions for social problems, focusing on those deemed irresponsible.
Conservative View of Society
- Society consists of individuals with their own interests.
- In the most radical form, there is no society, only families and individuals.
Conservative View of Social Problems
- Social problems are attributed to individual failures rather than societal issues.
- Helping those who fail to provide for themselves is seen as discouraging others from making efforts.
Conservative View of Social Welfare
- The state's role is to provide a safety net, but not interfere with individual freedom.
- State welfare crowds out freedom of family, charitable, and voluntary help.
- State welfare siphons off resources from productive sectors and provides no work incentives.
Neo-Conservatism 🤝
- A more sophisticated variant of conservatism that aims to restructure the welfare state according to conservative traditions, rather than eliminate it.
- Emphasizes workfare and paternalism, promoting private solutions for social problems.
Liberalism 🌈
- Emphasizes individual freedom and equality.
- Holds a more favorable view of human beings, assuming they are moral and rational.
Key Principles
- Freedom: Maximizing individual freedom while acknowledging essential constraints.
- Equality of opportunity: Not equality of outcomes.
- Collectivism: Prioritizing cooperation, the good of the community, and not individuals.
Liberal View of Social Problems
- Traces social problems back to imperfections in capitalism, not individual failures.
- Views society as a complex system of interdependent systems, where individuals are interconnected and interact.
Liberal View of Social Welfare
- Social welfare is seen as a tool for correcting and modifying capitalism's negative aspects.
- The role of social work is reactive and does not aim to reduce inequality beyond the minimum.
Social Democracy 🌎
- Emphasizes social and economic collectivism.
- Seeks to create a more equal society through democratic participation and economic regulation.
Key Principles
- Collectivism: Prioritizing cooperation, the good of the community, and not individuals.
- Democratic participation: Workers should have a voice in their work conditions.
- Regulation of the economy: Aiming to reduce poverty, inequality, and promote social justice.
Social Democratic View of Social Problems
- Social inequality is a consequence of coercive institutions favoring the dominant group, leading to conflict.
- Social problems are not attributed to deviance or industrialization, but rather a normal consequence of societal organization.
Social Democratic View of Social Welfare
- Social welfare should meet the needs of all individuals, not just provide a safety net.
- Resource distribution should be under government control with wide citizen participation and emphasis on prevention.
Comparison of Ideologies 📊
| Ideology | View of Society | View of Social Problems | View of Social Welfare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservatism | Individuals with their own interests | Individual failures | Safety net, no interference with individual freedom |
| Neo-Conservatism | Individuals with their own interests | Individual failures | Restructuring the welfare state according to conservative traditions |
| Liberalism | Complexity of interdependent systems | Imperfections in capitalism | Instrument for correcting and modifying negative aspects of capitalism |
| Social Democracy | Collectivist, cooperative society | Coercive institutions, dominant group | Means of meeting the needs of all individuals, under government control with citizen participation |
Provincial Social Welfare Programs 📊
| Program | Description |
|---|---|
| Social Assistance | Financial assistance for individuals in need |
| Provincial Tax Credits | Tax credits for low-income individuals and families |
| Workers' Compensation | Insurance for workers injured on the job |
Studies on Provincial Social Welfare Programs
- Weaver et al (2011): found no association between increased poverty reduction and the political party in power.
- Klassen and Buchanan (2006): found some influence of political parties, but the effect of economic conditions was much stronger.
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Description
Explore the foundational principles of conservatism, neo-conservatism, and liberalism in this quiz. Understand how these ideologies perceive society, individual responsibilities, and the role of the state. Challenge your knowledge on the key concepts and distinctions between these political movements.
