Political Freedom and Democracy Quiz

In a presidential system, the executive branch is separate from the legislative branch, with the president being elected independently. For example, Mexico and Nigeria have presidential systems. In a parliamentary system, the executive branch is selected by the legislative branch. For example, the United Kingdom has a parliamentary system.

Judicial independence refers to the principle that courts should not be subject to undue influence from other branches of government or from private or partisan groups. This is crucial for democracy because it ensures that the judiciary can fairly and impartially enforce the law, protect civil rights, and hold officials accountable.

In a single-member district (FPTP) system, the candidate with the most votes in a district wins the seat. For example, the UK uses this system. In a proportional representation (PR) system, parties are awarded seats in a legislature based on their share of the vote. For example, Mexico and Russia have some form of PR systems.

<p>A coup is a sudden and illegal seizure of power usually by a small group, often military forces, such as the example of Nigeria post-independence from Britain. A revolution involves a more widespread and fundamental overthrow of a regime, often with broad popular support, such as the Iranian Revolution, where the monarchy was replaced by a theocracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Civil society encompasses non-governmental organizations (NGOs), professional associations, trade unions, religious bodies, and other voluntary groups that operate independently of the government. It is vital for democracy because it allows for independent voices and perspectives to be heard, helps to check state power, and promotes citizen participation in the political process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A developed country has a high per capita GDP and well-developed infrastructure, healthcare, and education systems, whereas a developing country has rapid economic growth but still has low per capita GDP and weaknesses in these areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Legitimacy refers to the degree to which people accept and endorse their regime, which can significantly impact its stability and authority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Democratization is the transformation process from a non-democratic state to one that allows free and fair elections, which is significant for promoting political rights and civil liberties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Correlation indicates an association between two or more variables, while causation implies that one variable directly influences another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Gini Index measures economic inequality within a country, indicating how wealth is distributed among its population.</p> Signup and view all the answers