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Questions and Answers
What was the name of Mexico's political system during the period discussed?
What was the name of Mexico's political system during the period discussed?
- A Unitary System
- A One-Party System (correct)
- A Multi-Party System
- A Two-Party System
What is a significant factor that contributed to difficulties in implementing a program in Central America?
What is a significant factor that contributed to difficulties in implementing a program in Central America?
- Increased agricultural production leading to food shortages
- Political instability in the region (correct)
- Lack of funding for rural development
- A focus on urban development over rural areas
What is the primary goal of the 'rural production' program mentioned in the text?
What is the primary goal of the 'rural production' program mentioned in the text?
- To reduce dependence on food imports
- To enhance rural living standards (correct)
- To increase agricultural production
- To foster economic growth in rural areas
What does the chart about 'Growth of the Petroleum Industry' suggest about the state of Mexico's petroleum industry during the period shown?
What does the chart about 'Growth of the Petroleum Industry' suggest about the state of Mexico's petroleum industry during the period shown?
What two presidents are mentioned in the text as having struggled with the implementation of a development program?
What two presidents are mentioned in the text as having struggled with the implementation of a development program?
What was one major reason that Mexico's economic growth was unable to meet expectations during the 1980s?
What was one major reason that Mexico's economic growth was unable to meet expectations during the 1980s?
What was one negative consequence of the Lopez Portillo administration's emphasis on government spending and subsidies?
What was one negative consequence of the Lopez Portillo administration's emphasis on government spending and subsidies?
Despite the focus on agricultural development, what was a persistent issue for Mexico?
Despite the focus on agricultural development, what was a persistent issue for Mexico?
Despite a decrease in the percentage of illiterates in Mexico, what trend emerged in the absolute number of illiterates after 1970?
Despite a decrease in the percentage of illiterates in Mexico, what trend emerged in the absolute number of illiterates after 1970?
What was a key factor that contributed to the willingness of international banks to extend loans to Mexico during the Lopez Portillo administration?
What was a key factor that contributed to the willingness of international banks to extend loans to Mexico during the Lopez Portillo administration?
What was the primary reason behind the devaluation of the Mexican peso in 1982?
What was the primary reason behind the devaluation of the Mexican peso in 1982?
What was the immediate impact of the peso's devaluation on Mexican businesses?
What was the immediate impact of the peso's devaluation on Mexican businesses?
What strategy did the Mexican government pursue to address the peso's devaluation?
What strategy did the Mexican government pursue to address the peso's devaluation?
How did the Mexican government's nationalization of banks impact businesses?
How did the Mexican government's nationalization of banks impact businesses?
What can be inferred about the leadership of President Lopez Portillo based on the text?
What can be inferred about the leadership of President Lopez Portillo based on the text?
Flashcards
Balance of trade
Balance of trade
The difference between a country's exports and imports over a period.
Illiteracy rate decline
Illiteracy rate decline
The percentage of people unable to read or write decreased over time in Mexico.
López Portillo administration
López Portillo administration
The period when López Portillo was president, marked by increased government spending.
Government participation in economy
Government participation in economy
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International oil prices
International oil prices
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One-Party State
One-Party State
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Political Atmosphere
Political Atmosphere
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Economic Assistance
Economic Assistance
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Agricultural Production
Agricultural Production
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Rural Standard of Living
Rural Standard of Living
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Mexican Peso Crisis
Mexican Peso Crisis
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Inflation Comparison
Inflation Comparison
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Nationalization of Banks
Nationalization of Banks
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Flight of Capital
Flight of Capital
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Study Notes
Failures of Development in the One-Party State
- Luis Echeverría's presidency (1970-1976) saw political tensions persist, with the Mexican left holding him responsible for government overreaction.
- Echeverría's campaign lacked public appeal despite his efforts. He cultivated a populist image through direct engagement with citizens.
- Echeverría prioritized rural Mexico, revitalizing rural road systems and electrification projects.
- Faced with global inflation, he imposed price controls on basic goods and taxes on luxury items.
- A cautious approach to family planning was introduced, along with the release of imprisoned students.
- Student demonstrations were met with force, leading to deaths and injuries.
- Violence escalated with bank robberies linked to the revolutionary movement Movimiento Amado Revolucionario (MAR).
- Political unrest in Guerrero: Guerrilla movements rooted in campesino protests sought control of agriculture and social justice.
- Lucio Cabañas, a former schoolteacher, spearheaded a guerrilla movement in Guerrero. This was met with extreme violence by the army.
- Echeverria's regime faced criticism for using excessive force against those expressing dissent.
- The PRI's rule (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) had issues addressing the needs of marginalized populations.
- Echeverria's presidency ended with significant economic challenges.
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