Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of an accusatory-based police interrogation?
What is the primary goal of an accusatory-based police interrogation?
- Clear other unsolved cases
- Identify whether the suspect can understand their legal rights
- Threaten the suspect with harsh sanctions (correct)
- Build rapport with the suspect
In Brown v. Mississippi (1936), what was one of the main concerns addressed?
In Brown v. Mississippi (1936), what was one of the main concerns addressed?
- The low standard for admitting expert testimony
- The use of physical coercion to obtain a confession (correct)
- The right to plead not guilty by reason of insanity
- The use of criminal profiling in court
What is Officer Lively's role in the scenario described?
What is Officer Lively's role in the scenario described?
- Suspect in an ongoing investigation of a gang-related homicide
- Victim of a gang-related homicide
- Undercover agent posing as a member of the Hells Angels (correct)
- Leader of the local branch of the Hells Angels
What is the Reid model of interrogation primarily focused on?
What is the Reid model of interrogation primarily focused on?
Which technique involves an officer rewarding minor criminal activity and promoting gang membership?
Which technique involves an officer rewarding minor criminal activity and promoting gang membership?
In which stage of the Reid Model of Interrogation process is a non-accusatorial interview conducted?
In which stage of the Reid Model of Interrogation process is a non-accusatorial interview conducted?
Which officer's statement to Sam House is an example of minimization tactic?
Which officer's statement to Sam House is an example of minimization tactic?
Which officer's statement to Mrs. Garneau is an example of maximization tactic?
Which officer's statement to Mrs. Garneau is an example of maximization tactic?
Which behavior is an example of developing psychological themes in interrogation?
Which behavior is an example of developing psychological themes in interrogation?
According to Kassin et al. (2007), what did investigators rarely report using?
According to Kassin et al. (2007), what did investigators rarely report using?
Why should the result of Kassin et al. (2007) be interpreted with caution?
Why should the result of Kassin et al. (2007) be interpreted with caution?
Where does much police intimidation occur according to the text?
Where does much police intimidation occur according to the text?
What did the researchers suspect about the sample used in Kassin et al. (2007)?
What did the researchers suspect about the sample used in Kassin et al. (2007)?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find regarding the use of threats or physical intimidation?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find regarding the use of threats or physical intimidation?
What tactic is Officer MacDonald's behavior towards Dianna an example of?
What tactic is Officer MacDonald's behavior towards Dianna an example of?
What technique did the officer use to gain a confession from Joe?
What technique did the officer use to gain a confession from Joe?
What is a major vulnerability factor for coerced-internalized false confessions?
What is a major vulnerability factor for coerced-internalized false confessions?
In which type of false confession does a person falsely confess due to police persistence and suggestive questioning?
In which type of false confession does a person falsely confess due to police persistence and suggestive questioning?
What did research by Kassin and Kiechel find about participants presented with false evidence?
What did research by Kassin and Kiechel find about participants presented with false evidence?
What is compliance in the context of false confessions?
What is compliance in the context of false confessions?
Why are jurors unlikely to identify false confessions?
Why are jurors unlikely to identify false confessions?
What is the purpose of criminal profiling?
What is the purpose of criminal profiling?
What does criminal profiling aim to identify?
What does criminal profiling aim to identify?
What problem was the RCMP’s ViCLAS system developed to address?
What problem was the RCMP’s ViCLAS system developed to address?
What issues was the ViCLAS system aimed to address?
What issues was the ViCLAS system aimed to address?
What is least likely to be useful in serial burglary cases?
What is least likely to be useful in serial burglary cases?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) and King and Snook (2009) find about the behavior of nearly every interrogator?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) and King and Snook (2009) find about the behavior of nearly every interrogator?
What did King and Snook's (2009) examination of Canadian interrogations find to be the most prevalent Reid technique theme?
What did King and Snook's (2009) examination of Canadian interrogations find to be the most prevalent Reid technique theme?
What are a suspect's interrogation rights called in the United States?
What are a suspect's interrogation rights called in the United States?
According to Eastwood and Snook (2010), what did they find about self-reported confidence in understanding legal rights?
According to Eastwood and Snook (2010), what did they find about self-reported confidence in understanding legal rights?
What did Eastwood, Snook, and Luther (2015) find about high school students' understanding of their interrogation rights?
What did Eastwood, Snook, and Luther (2015) find about high school students' understanding of their interrogation rights?
What did Kassin and colleagues (2003) discover about interrogators with guilty expectations?
What did Kassin and colleagues (2003) discover about interrogators with guilty expectations?
What do neutral observers tend to view suspects being interrogated by an officer with guilty expectations as?
What do neutral observers tend to view suspects being interrogated by an officer with guilty expectations as?
In Canadian courts, under what conditions must confessions be given to be admitted as evidence?
In Canadian courts, under what conditions must confessions be given to be admitted as evidence?
What concerns does the Reid model of interrogation raise?
What concerns does the Reid model of interrogation raise?
What have various studies shed light on?
What have various studies shed light on?
What does the 'A' in the P.E.A.C.E. model of investigative interviewing stand for?
What does the 'A' in the P.E.A.C.E. model of investigative interviewing stand for?
Which police organization was the first in North America to implement the PEACE model of interviewing?
Which police organization was the first in North America to implement the PEACE model of interviewing?
What is the primary goal of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing?
What is the primary goal of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing?
Which vulnerability factor did Gudjonsson identify as associated with the occurrence of a voluntary false confession?
Which vulnerability factor did Gudjonsson identify as associated with the occurrence of a voluntary false confession?
What type of confession would Brenda's be described as if her rights were not properly read upon arrest?
What type of confession would Brenda's be described as if her rights were not properly read upon arrest?
In North America, what is the model of police interrogation?
In North America, what is the model of police interrogation?
What percentage of cases where prisoners have been exonerated through DNA testing contained a false confession?
What percentage of cases where prisoners have been exonerated through DNA testing contained a false confession?
What did Snook, Luther, Quinlan, and Milne find about the use of open-ended questions in Canadian police interviews with suspects?
What did Snook, Luther, Quinlan, and Milne find about the use of open-ended questions in Canadian police interviews with suspects?
What would Noah's declaration that his confession to the police was false be classified as?
What would Noah's declaration that his confession to the police was false be classified as?
What type of false confession would an innocent suspect likely make after being interrogated for 18 hours without food or water, and being told he can leave once he confesses?
What type of false confession would an innocent suspect likely make after being interrogated for 18 hours without food or water, and being told he can leave once he confesses?
What would a confession be classified as if it is made by a suspect who confesses to protect someone else?
What would a confession be classified as if it is made by a suspect who confesses to protect someone else?
What would be the likely ruling on a confession if the suspect is deprived of sleep during interrogation according to Canadian legal standards?
What would be the likely ruling on a confession if the suspect is deprived of sleep during interrogation according to Canadian legal standards?
What was one of the main concerns in Brown v. Mississippi (1936)?
What was one of the main concerns in Brown v. Mississippi (1936)?
What is the major goal of an accusatory-based police interrogation?
What is the major goal of an accusatory-based police interrogation?
In the scenario described, what is Officer Lively's role?
In the scenario described, what is Officer Lively's role?
What is one of the main goals of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing?
What is one of the main goals of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing?
What is the primary purpose of criminal profiling?
What is the primary purpose of criminal profiling?
What vulnerability factor did Gudjonsson identify as associated with coerced-internalized false confessions?
What vulnerability factor did Gudjonsson identify as associated with coerced-internalized false confessions?
What did research by Kassin and Kiechel find about participants presented with false evidence?
What did research by Kassin and Kiechel find about participants presented with false evidence?
What did the RCMP’s ViCLAS system aim to address?
What did the RCMP’s ViCLAS system aim to address?
What did the Billy Wayne Cope case serve as an example of?
What did the Billy Wayne Cope case serve as an example of?
What is compliance in the context of false confessions?
What is compliance in the context of false confessions?
What is criminal profiling least likely to be useful for?
What is criminal profiling least likely to be useful for?
What did the RCMP’s ViCLAS system aim to address?
What did the RCMP’s ViCLAS system aim to address?
What did the research by Kassin and Kiechel find about the use of false evidence?
What did the research by Kassin and Kiechel find about the use of false evidence?
What is the purpose of criminal profiling?
What is the purpose of criminal profiling?
What did the RCMP’s ViCLAS system aim to address?
What did the RCMP’s ViCLAS system aim to address?
What did Kassin and Kiechel's research find about the impact of false evidence on participants?
What did Kassin and Kiechel's research find about the impact of false evidence on participants?
What is the primary goal of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing?
What is the primary goal of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing?
What type of false confession would an innocent suspect likely make after being interrogated for 18 hours without food or water, and being told he can leave once he confesses?
What type of false confession would an innocent suspect likely make after being interrogated for 18 hours without food or water, and being told he can leave once he confesses?
What would Noah's declaration that his confession to the police was false be classified as?
What would Noah's declaration that his confession to the police was false be classified as?
What would a confession be classified as if it is made by a suspect who confesses to protect someone else?
What would a confession be classified as if it is made by a suspect who confesses to protect someone else?
What concerns does the Reid model of interrogation raise?
What concerns does the Reid model of interrogation raise?
In Canadian courts, under what conditions must confessions be given to be admitted as evidence?
In Canadian courts, under what conditions must confessions be given to be admitted as evidence?
What did Gudjonsson identify as a key vulnerability factor associated with the occurrence of a voluntary false confession?
What did Gudjonsson identify as a key vulnerability factor associated with the occurrence of a voluntary false confession?
What is a major vulnerability factor for coerced-internalized false confessions?
What is a major vulnerability factor for coerced-internalized false confessions?
What did Snook, Luther, Quinlan, and Milne find about the use of open-ended questions in Canadian police interviews with suspects?
What did Snook, Luther, Quinlan, and Milne find about the use of open-ended questions in Canadian police interviews with suspects?
What tactic is Officer MacDonald's behavior towards Dianna an example of?
What tactic is Officer MacDonald's behavior towards Dianna an example of?
What is the purpose of criminal profiling?
What is the purpose of criminal profiling?
What did the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary achieve as the first police organization in North America to implement the PEACE model of interviewing?
What did the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary achieve as the first police organization in North America to implement the PEACE model of interviewing?
What is the primary concern with Kassin et al.'s (2007) findings about the use of threats or physical intimidation?
What is the primary concern with Kassin et al.'s (2007) findings about the use of threats or physical intimidation?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find about the investigators' reporting of using threats or physical intimidation?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find about the investigators' reporting of using threats or physical intimidation?
What should be interpreted with caution regarding Kassin et al.'s (2007) findings about the use of threats or physical intimidation?
What should be interpreted with caution regarding Kassin et al.'s (2007) findings about the use of threats or physical intimidation?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) suggest about the sample used in their study?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) suggest about the sample used in their study?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find about the use of minimization and maximization tactics by officers?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find about the use of minimization and maximization tactics by officers?
What is the primary concern with Kassin et al.'s (2007) findings about the use of minimization and maximization tactics?
What is the primary concern with Kassin et al.'s (2007) findings about the use of minimization and maximization tactics?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find about the impact of self-reporting on the use of minimization and maximization tactics?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find about the impact of self-reporting on the use of minimization and maximization tactics?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) suggest about the potential bias in the reporting of minimization and maximization tactics?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) suggest about the potential bias in the reporting of minimization and maximization tactics?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find about the occurrence of police intimidation outside of the interrogation room?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) find about the occurrence of police intimidation outside of the interrogation room?
What is the primary concern with the interpretation of Kassin et al.'s (2007) findings about police intimidation?
What is the primary concern with the interpretation of Kassin et al.'s (2007) findings about police intimidation?
What did Kassin and colleagues (2003) discover about interrogators with guilty expectations?
What did Kassin and colleagues (2003) discover about interrogators with guilty expectations?
What did Eastwood and Snook (2010) find about self-reported confidence in understanding legal rights?
What did Eastwood and Snook (2010) find about self-reported confidence in understanding legal rights?
In Canadian courts, under what conditions must confessions be given to be admitted as evidence?
In Canadian courts, under what conditions must confessions be given to be admitted as evidence?
What did King and Snook's (2009) examination of Canadian interrogations find to be the most prevalent Reid technique theme?
What did King and Snook's (2009) examination of Canadian interrogations find to be the most prevalent Reid technique theme?
What is a major vulnerability factor for coerced-internalized false confessions?
What is a major vulnerability factor for coerced-internalized false confessions?
What is the primary goal of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing?
What is the primary goal of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) and King and Snook (2009) find about the behavior of nearly every interrogator?
What did Kassin et al. (2007) and King and Snook (2009) find about the behavior of nearly every interrogator?
What did Eastwood, Snook, and Luther (2015) study about high school students' understanding of their interrogation rights?
What did Eastwood, Snook, and Luther (2015) study about high school students' understanding of their interrogation rights?
What did various studies shed light on?
What did various studies shed light on?
What did the Reid model of interrogation raise concerns about?
What did the Reid model of interrogation raise concerns about?
What did Snook, Luther, Quinlan, and Milne find about the use of open-ended questions in Canadian police interviews with suspects?
What did Snook, Luther, Quinlan, and Milne find about the use of open-ended questions in Canadian police interviews with suspects?
Study Notes
Police Interrogation and Confessions
- The Canadian legal standards would likely rule a confession inadmissible if the suspect is deprived of sleep during interrogation.
- In North America, the model of police interrogation is accusatorial, while in Britain, it is inquisitorial.
- The "A" in the P.E.A.C.E. model of investigative interviewing stands for "Account."
- The primary goal of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing is to obtain complete and accurate information about the crime.
- Officer Parneau, who seeks to use more open-ended questions in her interrogations and obtain good information about the crime, is using the PEACE model of interrogation.
- Snook, Luther, Quinlan, and Milne found that open-ended questions were used much less frequently than close-ended questions in Canadian police interviews with suspects.
- The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary was the first police organization in North America to implement the PEACE model of interviewing.
- A confession from Brenda, whose rights were not properly read upon arrest, would be best described as a "disputed confession."
- Approximately 25% of cases where prisoners have been exonerated through DNA testing contained a false confession.
- Noah's declaration that his confession to the police was false would be best classified as a "retracted confession."
- Gudjonsson identified the confessor's desire to protect someone else as a key vulnerability factor associated with the occurrence of a voluntary false confession.
- An innocent suspect who confesses after being interrogated for 18 hours without food or water, and being told he can leave once he confesses, has likely made a "coerced-compliant false confession."
Interrogation Techniques and Rights Summary
- Kassin et al. (2007) and King and Snook (2009) found that nearly every interrogator attempts to detect deception using verbal cues, builds rapport with suspects, and exaggerates the seriousness of offenses.
- Threatening suspects with consequences for not cooperating and physically intimidating them was rare during interrogations.
- King and Snook's (2009) examination of Canadian interrogations found that appealing to the suspect's pride with flattery was the most prevalent Reid technique theme.
- In the United States, a suspect's interrogation rights are called Miranda rights.
- Eastwood and Snook (2010) found that self-reported confidence in understanding legal rights is not a good predictor of actual comprehension.
- Eastwood, Snook, and Luther (2015) studied high school students and found them to be highly vulnerable to misunderstanding their interrogation rights.
- The Reid model incorrectly assumes that investigators can accurately detect when a suspect is lying.
- Kassin and colleagues (2003) discovered that interrogators with guilty expectations tend to use a higher frequency of interrogation techniques compared to interrogators with innocent expectations.
- Neutral observers tend to view suspects being interrogated by an officer with guilty expectations as being more defensive.
- In Canadian courts, confessions must be given voluntarily and the confessor must be competent to be admitted as evidence.
- The Reid model of interrogation raises concerns about its assumptions and potential impact on false confessions.
- Various studies have shed light on the prevalence of certain interrogation techniques, the understanding of interrogation rights, and the impact of investigator bias.
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Description
Test your knowledge of police interrogation and confessions with this quiz. Explore topics such as legal standards for admissibility of confessions, different models of police interrogation, and factors associated with false confessions. Brush up on your understanding of the PEACE model of investigative interviewing and learn about different types of confessions, including disputed and retracted confessions.
