Week 12-13 Viral Diseases

What is the primary route of transmission for influenza?

Through respiratory droplets

What is the function of the neuraminidase protein in the influenza virus?

Entry and exit of virions in/out of host cell

Which type of influenza is a concern in pandemics?

Both Type A and Type B

What is the result of antigenic drift in the influenza virus?

Year-to-year variations in the virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hemagglutinin protein in the influenza virus?

Attachment to host cell Signup and view all the answers

How many nucleocapsids of ssRNA are present in an influenza virion?

8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using an attenuated virus with a missing gene for gene therapy?

It can be used to treat single gene disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of viral presence in the cells of an individual undergoing gene therapy using an attenuated virus?

4-8 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the SARS virus that makes it different from other human enveloped viruses?

It has a very slow replication rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended quarantine period for individuals exposed to SARS?

10 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the death rate of SARS since its emergence in 2002?

10% Signup and view all the answers

What does the word 'Herpes' mean?

To creep Signup and view all the answers

How many human herpes viruses are known?

8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between HSV-1 and HSV-2?

The site of latency establishment Signup and view all the answers

What can trigger an outbreak of HSV?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible complication of HSV?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients with HBV infection will experience severe acute hepatitis?

0.1%-0.5% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the HBV vaccine?

HBsAg Signup and view all the answers

What is the current treatment for end-stage liver disease caused by HBV infection?

Liver transplant Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of transmission for HCV?

Sharing needles Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of probable HCV infections in Canada?

250 000 probable infections Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of HCV that makes it difficult to study and create a vaccine for?

It has never been cultured Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of hepatitis cases are caused by viruses?

80-90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common route of transmission for Hepatitis A?

Fecal-oral route Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period of Hepatitis A?

15-50 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the Hepatitis A virus?

Nonenveloped ssRNA virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the epidemiology of Hepatitis A?

Epidemic every 10 years Signup and view all the answers

Who is at risk for acquiring Hepatitis A?

Travellers to developing countries Signup and view all the answers

How can Hepatitis A be prevented?

By washing hands Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the Hepatitis B virus?

Enveloped dsDNA virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the transmission route of Hepatitis B?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of Hepatitis B?

Liver inflammation caused by the immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the population affected by HHV-8?

3% Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic rash of measles?

Red patches Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period of Rubella?

2-3 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the major concern of Rubella during pregnancy?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What type of vaccine is the Rubella vaccine?

Live attenuated Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of the Mumps virus?

Parotid glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Koplik's spots in measles?

White and powdery Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of Rubella in the fetus?

Transmission through the placental barrier Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the syndrome caused by Rubella in the fetus?

Congenital Rubella Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the complication of HSV-1 that affects the eye?

Ocular herpes Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence rate of Varicella-Zoster in North America?

95% Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for viruses that affect the mucus membranes?

Paramyxoviridae Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range for the Varivax vaccine?

1-2 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of people who develop post-herpetic neuralgia after Herpes Zoster?

20% Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the new shingles vaccine available for individuals over 65?

Shingrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of children exposed to HHV-6 by the age of 2?

90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between HHV-6 and Multiple Sclerosis?

There is a high chance of getting MS if there was a high degree of reaction to HHV-6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence rate of HHV-7 in the population?

Over 90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the skin rash caused by HHV-7?

Pityriasis rosea Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission of Varicella-Zoster?

Respiratory secretions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with antigenic shifts?

They can lead to pandemics due to little to no immunity in the population. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of influenza symptoms?

1-2 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible serious complication of influenza?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

Week 12-13 Viral Diseases

Questions and Answers

What is the primary route of transmission for influenza?

What is the function of the neuraminidase protein in the influenza virus?

Which type of influenza is a concern in pandemics?

What is the result of antigenic drift in the influenza virus?

What is the function of the hemagglutinin protein in the influenza virus?

How many nucleocapsids of ssRNA are present in an influenza virion?

What is the main advantage of using an attenuated virus with a missing gene for gene therapy?

What is the typical duration of viral presence in the cells of an individual undergoing gene therapy using an attenuated virus?

What is the characteristic of the SARS virus that makes it different from other human enveloped viruses?

What is the recommended quarantine period for individuals exposed to SARS?

What is the death rate of SARS since its emergence in 2002?

What does the word 'Herpes' mean?

How many human herpes viruses are known?

What is the primary difference between HSV-1 and HSV-2?

What can trigger an outbreak of HSV?

What is a possible complication of HSV?

What percentage of patients with HBV infection will experience severe acute hepatitis?

What is the primary component of the HBV vaccine?

What is the current treatment for end-stage liver disease caused by HBV infection?

What is the primary method of transmission for HCV?

What is the estimated number of probable HCV infections in Canada?

What is the characteristic of HCV that makes it difficult to study and create a vaccine for?

What percentage of hepatitis cases are caused by viruses?

What is the most common route of transmission for Hepatitis A?

What is the incubation period of Hepatitis A?

What is the characteristic of the Hepatitis A virus?

What is the epidemiology of Hepatitis A?

Who is at risk for acquiring Hepatitis A?

How can Hepatitis A be prevented?

What is the characteristic of the Hepatitis B virus?

What is the transmission route of Hepatitis B?

What is the pathogenesis of Hepatitis B?

What is the percentage of the population affected by HHV-8?

What is the characteristic rash of measles?

What is the incubation period of Rubella?

What is the major concern of Rubella during pregnancy?

What type of vaccine is the Rubella vaccine?

What is the primary target of the Mumps virus?

What is the characteristic of Koplik's spots in measles?

What is the pathogenesis of Rubella in the fetus?

What is the name of the syndrome caused by Rubella in the fetus?

What is the complication of HSV-1 that affects the eye?

What is the prevalence rate of Varicella-Zoster in North America?

What is the term for viruses that affect the mucus membranes?

What is the age range for the Varivax vaccine?

What is the estimated percentage of people who develop post-herpetic neuralgia after Herpes Zoster?

What is the name of the new shingles vaccine available for individuals over 65?

What is the estimated percentage of children exposed to HHV-6 by the age of 2?

What is the association between HHV-6 and Multiple Sclerosis?

What is the prevalence rate of HHV-7 in the population?

What is the skin rash caused by HHV-7?

What is the mode of transmission of Varicella-Zoster?

What is the main concern with antigenic shifts?

What is the typical duration of influenza symptoms?

What is a possible serious complication of influenza?

What is the approximate number of deaths attributed to influenza annually in North America?

What is the purpose of the flu vaccine?

How are flu vaccines typically manufactured?

What is a characteristic of the Rhinovirus?

What is a potential practical use of the Adenovirus?

What is a characteristic of the Adenovirus?

What is a common symptom of influenza?

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