Week 12-13 Viral Diseases
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary route of transmission for influenza?

  • Through vectors such as mosquitoes
  • Through direct contact with an infected person
  • Through contaminated food and water
  • Through respiratory droplets (correct)

    • What is the function of the neuraminidase protein in the influenza virus?

  • Synthesis of viral proteins
  • Replication of the viral genome
  • Entry and exit of virions in/out of host cell (correct)
  • Attachment to host cell

    • Which type of influenza is a concern in pandemics?

  • Both Type A and Type B (correct)
  • All types of influenza
  • Type B
  • Type C

    • What is the result of antigenic drift in the influenza virus?

    <p>Year-to-year variations in the virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hemagglutinin protein in the influenza virus?

    <p>Attachment to host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many nucleocapsids of ssRNA are present in an influenza virion?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using an attenuated virus with a missing gene for gene therapy?

    <p>It can be used to treat single gene disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical duration of viral presence in the cells of an individual undergoing gene therapy using an attenuated virus?

    <p>4-8 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the SARS virus that makes it different from other human enveloped viruses?

    <p>It has a very slow replication rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended quarantine period for individuals exposed to SARS?

    <p>10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the death rate of SARS since its emergence in 2002?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the word 'Herpes' mean?

    <p>To creep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many human herpes viruses are known?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between HSV-1 and HSV-2?

    <p>The site of latency establishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can trigger an outbreak of HSV?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible complication of HSV?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients with HBV infection will experience severe acute hepatitis?

    <p>0.1%-0.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of the HBV vaccine?

    <p>HBsAg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current treatment for end-stage liver disease caused by HBV infection?

    <p>Liver transplant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of transmission for HCV?

    <p>Sharing needles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of probable HCV infections in Canada?

    <p>250 000 probable infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of HCV that makes it difficult to study and create a vaccine for?

    <p>It has never been cultured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of hepatitis cases are caused by viruses?

    <p>80-90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common route of transmission for Hepatitis A?

    <p>Fecal-oral route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period of Hepatitis A?

    <p>15-50 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the Hepatitis A virus?

    <p>Nonenveloped ssRNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the epidemiology of Hepatitis A?

    <p>Epidemic every 10 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is at risk for acquiring Hepatitis A?

    <p>Travellers to developing countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can Hepatitis A be prevented?

    <p>By washing hands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the Hepatitis B virus?

    <p>Enveloped dsDNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transmission route of Hepatitis B?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathogenesis of Hepatitis B?

    <p>Liver inflammation caused by the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of the population affected by HHV-8?

    <p>3%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic rash of measles?

    <p>Red patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period of Rubella?

    <p>2-3 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major concern of Rubella during pregnancy?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vaccine is the Rubella vaccine?

    <p>Live attenuated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary target of the Mumps virus?

    <p>Parotid glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Koplik's spots in measles?

    <p>White and powdery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathogenesis of Rubella in the fetus?

    <p>Transmission through the placental barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the syndrome caused by Rubella in the fetus?

    <p>Congenital Rubella Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complication of HSV-1 that affects the eye?

    <p>Ocular herpes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence rate of Varicella-Zoster in North America?

    <p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for viruses that affect the mucus membranes?

    <p>Paramyxoviridae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range for the Varivax vaccine?

    <p>1-2 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated percentage of people who develop post-herpetic neuralgia after Herpes Zoster?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the new shingles vaccine available for individuals over 65?

    <p>Shingrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated percentage of children exposed to HHV-6 by the age of 2?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the association between HHV-6 and Multiple Sclerosis?

    <p>There is a high chance of getting MS if there was a high degree of reaction to HHV-6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence rate of HHV-7 in the population?

    <p>Over 90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the skin rash caused by HHV-7?

    <p>Pityriasis rosea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission of Varicella-Zoster?

    <p>Respiratory secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern with antigenic shifts?

    <p>They can lead to pandemics due to little to no immunity in the population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical duration of influenza symptoms?

    <p>1-2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible serious complication of influenza?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of deaths attributed to influenza annually in North America?

    <p>40,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the flu vaccine?

    <p>To prevent the flu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are flu vaccines typically manufactured?

    <p>From embryonated chicken eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the Rhinovirus?

    <p>It is a nonenveloped ssRNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential practical use of the Adenovirus?

    <p>Gene therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the Adenovirus?

    <p>It is a nonenveloped dsDNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of influenza?

    <p>Severe, hacking cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

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