Pneumonia and URTIs in Children

What is a critical reason for admitting a child with suspected upper respiratory tract infection?

Which factor contributes to the high mortality rate from pneumonia in children under five?

Which of the following signs are associated with pneumonia in children?

What percentage of deaths in children under five in 2017 was attributed to pneumonia?

Which of the following is NOT a physical examination finding in pneumonia?

What condition may require hospital admission if an infant shows tenderness behind the ear?

Which of the following is a common symptom indicative of pneumonia in children?

Which statement correctly describes the impact of pneumonia on child mortality?

What condition is classified as a lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)?

Which of the following is a physical examination finding associated with respiratory distress in pneumonia?

Hospital admission criteria for URTIs

Hospital admission is recommended for children with:
- Time-critical ABCD criteria
- Diminished fluid intake
- Tenderness behind the ear (possible mastoiditis)
- Any respiratory compromise
- All children under two years old

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is a form of acute respiratory infection
Caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi
Pneumonia accounts for 15% of all deaths of children under 5 years old
Pneumonia killed 808,694 children globally in 2017
Consolidation on x-ray is a sign of pneumonia

Signs and Symptoms

Signs and symptoms include:
- Cough
- Fever
- Tachypnoea
- Nasal flaring
- Chest indrawing
- Cyanosis
Physical examination can reveal:
- Crackles, absent breath sounds
- Respiratory distress
- Reduced oxygen saturations

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs)

Hospital admission criteria for URTIs in children includes:
- Time-critical ABCD criteria
- Diminished fluid intake
- Tenderness behind the ear (possible mastoiditis)
- Respiratory compromise
- All children under two years old

Pneumonia / LRTIs

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi.
Pneumonia is responsible for 15% of all deaths in children under 5 years old (globally).
In 2017, pneumonia caused 808,694 deaths in children globally.
Common signs and symptoms of pneumonia include:
- Cough
- Fever
- Tachypnoea (rapid breathing)
- Nasal flaring
- Chest indrawing
- Cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin due to low oxygen levels)
Physical examination findings may reveal:
- Crackles or absent breath sounds
- Respiratory distress
- Reduced oxygen saturation levels

This quiz covers the hospital admission criteria for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in children, with a focus on pneumonia. Learn about the causes, signs, symptoms, and the importance of early intervention in managing respiratory infections in young patients.