PMLS 1 Lesson 2: Nature of Medical Technology

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best defines the importance of accuracy and precision in medical testing?

It is only necessary during urgent cases.

It relates solely to the speed of testing.

It ensures the validity of laboratory results. (correct)

It is a secondary concern in patient care.

What ethical principle is highlighted in the Medical Technologist's code of ethics?

Maximizing profits in the laboratory.

Ensuring confidentiality of patient information. (correct)

Prioritizing personal interests over patient care.

Publicizing patient information for research.

What should a medical technologist prioritize when faced with a 'STAT' result?

Completing paperwork before processing.

Delivering the results promptly. (correct)

Consulting with non-medical staff.

Waiting for regular laboratory hours.

Why is collaboration with other healthcare professionals important for medical technologists?

It helps distribute responsibilities among team members. Signup and view all the answers

Which act governs the establishment and operation of clinical laboratories?

Clinical Laboratory Act of 1969. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of a medical technologist in health promotion programs?

To offer free lab testing like blood typing. Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the application of science in ways that are beneficial for society?

Medical Technology Signup and view all the answers

What is expected from medical technologists when conducting research?

To innovate and find new solutions to issues. Signup and view all the answers

Which act defines the medical technology profession in its country?

Republic Act 5527 Signup and view all the answers

What does professionalism in medical technology entail?

Adhering to the professional code of ethics. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a specific service performed by a medical technologist?

Psychologic counseling Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for revising the Code of Ethics for medical technologists?

Prof. Rodolfo Rabor Signup and view all the answers

What competences are expected from graduates of BSMLS?

Perform clinical laboratory tests Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure involves the examination of tissues and body fluids?

Histopathologic techniques Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of practicing without a license as a medical technologist?

Legal penalties Signup and view all the answers

Performing which type of procedures is part of a medical technologist's role?

Advanced diagnostic equipment operation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a toxicologist's studies?

The effects of toxic substances on organisms Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes ethics from morality?

Ethics involves theoretical prescriptions and critiques Signup and view all the answers

Which principal idea does ethical relativism promote?

Morality is relative to the norms of specific cultures Signup and view all the answers

Who were the founders of ethical utilitarianism?

John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does ethical pragmatism primarily focus on?

The utility of knowledge, truth, and meaning Signup and view all the answers

According to ethical utilitarianism, actions are considered good when they:

Promote happiness and minimize unhappiness Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best contrasts the concepts presented under ethics and morality?

Ethics is a theoretical framework, while morality is practical Signup and view all the answers

What does situational analysis refer to in the context of morality?

Understanding how circumstances influence moral judgments Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects Article II, Section 12 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution regarding abortion?

The state recognizes the sanctity of life and protects the unborn from conception. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of genetic screening?

To screen and select genes for detecting genetic diseases. Signup and view all the answers

How is euthanasia often perceived by those who support it?

As an act of compassion to alleviate suffering. Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic engineering technique is responsible for treating diseases using stem cells?

Stem-Cell Therapy Signup and view all the answers

Why do some religious groups oppose In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)?

They perceive it as a deviation from natural processes. Signup and view all the answers

What role does professionalism play in the workplace?

It is essential for maintaining a healthy and productive environment. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes genetic interventions?

They include techniques such as therapy, control, and surgery. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common objection to genetic engineering?

It allows humans to play God by manipulating genetics. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a pathologist in a clinical laboratory?

To monitor all laboratory results and provide interpretations Signup and view all the answers

Which qualification is necessary for an individual to become a medical laboratory technician?

Having civil service eligibility not lower than the second grade for government employment Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a phlebotomist?

To draw blood for tests or donations Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes a cytotechnologist's responsibilities?

Examining microscopic slides for cell abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary duty of a histotechnologist?

Preparing and staining biopsies for microscopic examination Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of nuclear medical technologists in their work?

Applying knowledge of radiation safety to limit exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the term 'registered medical laboratory technician'?

A technician with civil service eligibility and work experience Signup and view all the answers

What is the educational requirement for becoming a medical laboratory technician?

Completion of a two-year college course and relevant work experience Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nature of Medical Technology

Science studies the natural world and its connections to biological, psychological, and social realms.
Technology applies scientific knowledge for societal benefits, enhancing human capabilities.
Medical technology professionals impact health through diagnostics, treatments, and health promotion.

Medical Technology Practice

Defined in Section 2 of Republic Act 5527, known as the Medical Technology Act of 1969.
Amended by RA 6132, PD 498, PD 1534.
Medical technologists support physicians in disease diagnosis, treatment, and health promotion.
All medical technology services must be performed by licensed professionals; unauthorized practice is illegal.

Code of Ethics

Original version created by Dr. Nardito Moraleta; revised by Prof. Rodolfo Rabor.
Professional conduct must align with ethical standards established for medical technologists.

Roles and Responsibilities of Medical Technologists

Competency required in basic laboratory tests, such as urinalysis and fecalysis.
Special procedures include operating advanced diagnostic equipment in molecular and nuclear diagnostics.
Accuracy and precision in testing results are imperative for patient health.
Honesty holds a crucial role in practice, aligning with professional ethics.
Timely result delivery is essential for effective patient treatment, especially in urgent cases (STAT).
Professionalism requires adherence to ethical codes and relevant laws like RA 5527, R.A 4688, and R.A 1517.
Collaborating with other healthcare professionals enhances patient care.
Research activities are encouraged to update skills and find innovative solutions.
Participation in health promotion programs, offering free tests and community engagement is essential.

Other Laboratory Personnel

Pathologists: Registered physicians trained in laboratory methods, responsible for laboratory oversight.
Medical Laboratory Technicians: Certified personnel with specific qualifications; assist but do not hold full licensure.
Phlebotomists: Specialists trained in drawing blood for tests or donations.
Cytotechnologists: Work with pathologists to identify cellular abnormalities for disease diagnosis.
Histotechnologists: Prepare and stain tissue specimens for microscopic examination.
Nuclear Medical Technologists: Experts in radiation safety and working alongside nuclear physicians.
Toxicologists: Study the effects of toxic substances on physiological functions to inform safety regulations.

Ethics in Healthcare

Ethics guide moral conduct; crucial for individual and professional behavior.
Ethical relativism recognizes the diversity of moral values across cultures.
Ethical pragmatism examines knowledge, truth, and meaning in relation to moral actions.
Ethical utilitarianism assesses actions by their consequences, promoting those leading to happiness.

Key Moral Issues

Abortion: Illegal in the Philippines per Article II, Section 12 of the 1987 Constitution; protects both mother and unborn.
Euthanasia: Intentional termination of life to relieve suffering, viewed variably as merciful or problematic.
Genetic Engineering: Manipulation of genetic makeup, raising ethical concerns about human intervention in natural processes.
Procedures like genetic screening, interventions, stem cell therapy, and IVF face ethical scrutiny and debate.

Professional Ethics

The code of ethics serves as a fundamental principle for ethical conduct in various professions.
Professionalism fosters a healthy and productive work environment critical for effective healthcare delivery.

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Description

Explore the intricate relationship between science and technology in the field of medical technology. This lesson delves into how medical technology practices are defined and their significance in enhancing healthcare. Understand the impact of scientific principles on technological advancements that benefit society.